History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - KCSE 2022 Prediction

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History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - KCSE 2022 Prediction

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

This Paper consists of Three Sections A, B and C
Answer All Questions in Section A, three questions from section B, and two questions from Section C.

Questions

SECTION A
Answer all questions

Name the local state of the evolution of Man 1mk
State two ways in which migration of the Cushites into Kenya affected the Agikuyu 2mks
State two functions of the council of elders among the Somali. 2mks
State the main factor that contributed to the growth of city states along the Kenyan coast before 1500A.D 1mk
Give one economic responsibility of a Kenyan citizen 1mk
State two ways in which poverty undermines national unity 2mks
Identify two minority groups whose rights were protected by the constitution of kenya at independence 2mks
Identify the main disadvantage of democracy 1mk
Identify two ways in which the results of collaboration of the Maasai with the British were similar to that of the Wanga 2mks
Give one reason why government encouraged settlers to come to Kenya during the colonial period 1mk
What was the main reason for the formation of the Kenya African democratic union in 1960 1mk
Name two African leaders who represented the Kenya African national union in the second Lancaster house conference 2mks
Identify the main reason for the impeachment of county governors in Kenya 1mk
Identify two types of ownership spelt out in the African socialism adopted in kenya after independence 2mks
Identify two accounts where public revenue is stored in Kenya 2mks
Name the body that makes laws in Kenya’s devolved units 1mk
Give the main challenges facing the free primary education programme since 2003 1mk

SECTION B
Answer any three questions

1. Give five reasons which influenced the migration of the Abagusii into Kenya during the pre-colonial period 5mks
2. Discuss five effects of the migration and settlement of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period 10 mks
1. Give three causes of the Somali resistance to the British rule in Kenya during the 19th century 3mks
2. Explain six negative effects of British colonial rule on the people of Kenya 12mks
1. State five factors that facilitated the Mau Mau Movement 5mks
2. Explain five roles played by the trade union movement in the struggle 10mks
1. Identify three pillars of the Nyayo Philosophy 3mks
2. Discuss six achievements of Daniel Moi as president between 1978 – 2002 12mks

SECTION C
Answer any two questions

1. Name three National holidays recognized by the constitution of Kenya (2010) 3mks
2. Explain six principles of Democracy as exercised in Kenya 12mks
1. State three qualification for a person to be eligible for election as a member of the National Assembly 3mks
2. Explain six functions of the speaker of the National Assembly in Kenya 12mks
1. Identify five ways in which capital expenditure is utilized 5mks
2. Describe five ways how county and National government relate in Kenya today 10mks

MARKING SCHEME

Name the local state of the evolution of Man
- Homo sapiens
State two ways in which migration of the cushites into Kenya affected the Agikuyu
- Taboos against eating fish
- The Agikuyu adopted circumcision
- The Agikuyu started practicing age set system
- The Agikuyu began using cow dung as manure
State two functions of the council of elders among the Somali.
- Presided over religious functions
- Admitted new members
- Expelled errant members/punished errant members
- Settled disputes.
State the main factor that contributed to the growth of city states along the Kenyan coast before 1500A.D
- Trade
Give one economic responsibility of a Kenyan citizen
- Participating in development activities
- Fighting corruption
- Engaging in income generation
State two ways in which poverty undermines national unity
- Produce anti-social behaviours e.g stealing
- Criminal activities cause fear and suspicion
Identify two minority groups whose rights were protected by the constitution of kenya at independence
- Asians
- Europeans
Identify the main disadvantage of democracy
- Disregards the interests of the minority as government fulfill the wishes of the majority who elected them.
Identify two ways in which the results of collaboration of the maasai with the British were similar to that of the Wanga
- They both received protection
- Their leaders were made paramount clients
- They both lost their independence
- Their men were recruited in the king’s African
Give one reason why government encouraged settlers to come to Kenya during the colonial period
- To meet the cost of the railway construction
- To meet the cost of the administration
- To counter the growing number of Asians in Kenya
What was the main reason for the formation of the Kenya African democratic union in 1960
- To represent the minority tribes
Name two African leaders who represented the Kenya African national union in the second Lancaster house conference
- Jomo Kenyatta
- Jaramogi Oginga Odinga
- Tom Mboya
Identify the main reason for the impeachment of county governors in Kenya 1mk
Corruption / embezzlement of funds/mismanagement of funds
Identify two types of ownership spelt out in the African socialism adopted in Kenya after independence
- Public ownership
- Private ownership
- Communal ownership
Identify two accounts where public revenue is stored in Kenya
- Equalization funds
- Contingencies fund
- Consolidated funds
- Revenue funds
Name the body that makes laws in Kenya’s devolved units
- County assembly
Give the main challenges facing the free primary education programme since 2003
- Increased enrolment Vis-à-vis the existing learning infrastructure

SECTION B

1. Give five reasons which influenced the migration of the Abagusii into Kenya during the pre-colonial period
  - Due to increased population
  - Due to internal conflicts /family/clan feuds
  - In search for land for cultivation
  - Due to outbreak of diseases/epidemics
  - Due to love for adventure
  - Due to external attacks
2. Discuss five effects of the migration and settlement of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period
  - They displaced some community that they found in areas they settled
  - Their settlements led to increased population in the region
  - They intermarried with their cattle raids/Strengthened their relationship
  - There was ethnic conflicts due to cattle raids/land for settlement
  - There was increased trade with their neighbours
  - There was borrowing /exchange of cultural practices among the communities
  - The Maasai influenced socio-political organization of the Nandi who created the institution of Orkoyot similar to Oloibon of the Maasai
  - Increased assimilation in the course interaction with their neighbours
1. Give three causes of the Somali resistance to the British rule in Kenya during the 19th century
  - Partitioning /Dividing small clans
  - British interfered with Somali Nomadism
  - Were against Christianity as most were Muslims
  - Somali opposed British positive expeditions
  - British stopped Somali raiding activities
2. Explain six negative effects of British colonial rule on the people of Kenya
  - Africans lost their land
  - Africans were subjected to forced labour
  - Africans were forced to pay taxes
  - Africans were pushed to reserves that were highly unproductive and overpopulated
  - Europeans interfered with African cultures
  - Many Africans lost their lives
  - There was destruction of property by Europeans
  - Some communities lost their livestock through positive confiscation by the British
  - Economic underdevelopment of Kenya
1. State five factors that facilitated the Mau Mau Movement
  - experience of the ex-servicemen during the second world war
  - failure of the colonial government to compensate African ex-servicemen
  - wide spread unemployment
  - failure of the colonial government to institute political returns
  - land alienation
  - undermining African cultural practices
  - racial discrimination against Africans
  - the brutality and cruelty of the colonial administration
2. Explain five roles played by the trade union movement in the struggle
  - Fought for improved working conditions for the workers
  - They produced relevant training ground for potential nationalists
  - They contributed money to political parties and enabled them to sustain the struggle for independence
  - They sensitized workers on the importance of joining political parties that struggled for independence
  - They mobilized people to support nationalist struggle/promoted the spirit of nationalism
  - They made Kenyans situations recognized abroad/toot part in international Fora.
1. Identify three pillars of the Nyayo Philosophy
  - Peace
  - Love
  - Unity
2. Discuss six achievements of Daniel Moi as president between 1978 – 2002
  - He involved in mediation between various conflicting sides in Uganda, Congo, Somalia, Chad, Sudan, Rwanda.
  - He served as chairman of the organization of African unity (OAU)
  - He served as chairman of presidential Trade Area (1989 – 1990) COMESA (1999 – 200), EA Cooperation (1996 – 2002)
  - He travelled world wide, being called upon to provided peace keeping forces in trouble areas like Uganda Namibia etc
  - Supported the formation if regional economic bodies to increase trade and economic development
  - He introduced the Nyayo Philosophy of peace, Love and Unity
  - He called for the release of political detainees eg George Anyona.
  - He encouraged participation in harambee activities which raised money for development
  - He introduced 8-4-4 system of education
  - He improved health sector
  - He encouraged development of Agricultural section
  - He improved transport sector i.e introduction of Nyayo buses and construction of roads
  - He promoted sporting activities i.e construction of facilities like Nyayo and Moi sports courts Kasarani.

SECTION C

1. Name three National holidays recognized by the constitution of Kenya (2010)
  - Mashujaa day
  - Madaraka day
  - Jamhuri day
2. Explain six principles of Democracy as exercised in Kenya
  - Consent of the people
  - Equality
  - Peace
  - The rule of law
  - Balance of individual liberty with authority of state
  - Transparency and accountability
  - Competition
  - Free press
  - Regular free and fair election
  - Multi-party system
  - Economic freedom and empowerment
  - Bill of rights.
1. State three qualification for a person to be eligible for election as a member of the National Assembly
  - Be a registered voter
  - Must satisfy education, moral and ethical regards
  - Nominated by a political party or is an independent candidate
  - Be of sound mind
  - Be a Kenyan citizen for at least 10 years
  - Must not be a state officer
2. Explain six functions of the speaker of the National Assembly in Kenya
  - Disciplines errant members
  - Head / spokesperson of the house
  - Presides over proceedings
  - Interprets standing orders
  - Protects the dignity and authority of the house
  - Chairperson of parliamentary services commission
  - Swears in new members of parliament
  - Declares seats vacant
  - Represents parliament at official functions outside the house
1. Identify five ways in which capital expenditure is utilized
  - construction of infrastructure eg roads
  - construction of public amenities eg stadia
  - provision of early childhood development education
  - construction of county facilities
  - purchase of vehicles and equipments
2. Describe five ways how county and National government relate in Kenya today
  - they perform with due respect to each other
  - They assist, support and consult
  - They liaise to exchange information and coordination policies and administration to enhance capacity
  - Disputes between the both levels are solved through national legislation
  - National government can intervene in a county government if the letter is unable to perform its functions
  - The constitution gives the president powers to suspend a county government
  - A county government depends on yearly financial allocation from the national government.
  - A county government can advance a loan from the national government in case of incapacitation
  - Some national government employees work in county governments.