Chemistry Paper 3 Questions and Answers - KCSE 2020 past papers

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
233/3 CHEMISTRY Paper 3 (PRACTICAL)

Instructions to candidates

1. Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above
2. Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
3. Answer all the questions in the spaces provided in the question paper
4. You are not allowed to start working with the apparatus for the first 15 minutes of the 2¼ hours allowed for this paper. This time is to enable you to read the question paper and make sure you have all the chemicals and apparatus that you may need.
5. All working must be clearly shown where necessary
6. Non-programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC mathematical tables may be used.
7. This paper consists of 8 printed pages.
8. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
9. Candidates should answer the questions in English.

1. You are provided with:
   • 5.3g solid A, sodium carbonate;
   • Solution B, hydrochloric acid.
     
     You are required to determine the:
   • Molar heat of the solution of solid A;
   • Concentration of the hydrochloric acid, solution B.
     
     
   • PROCEDURE I
   • Using a burette, place 30.0 cm³ of distilled water in a 100ml plastic beaker. Stir the water with a thermometer and measure its temperature after every half-minute interval. Record the readings in Table 1.
   • At exactly 2 minutes, add all of solid A to the water at once. Stir well and continue measuring the temperature of the mixture after every half-minute interval. Record the readings in Table 1. Retain the mixture in the beaker for use in Procedure II.
     
     1.   
        

        Time (minutes)	0	½	1	1½	2	2½	3	3½	4	4½	5
        Temperature(ºC)					x

        (3 marks)
     2. On the grid provided, plot a graph of temperature (vertical axis) against time.(3 marks)
     3. Determine from the graph, the temperature change, AT ( mark)
     4. Calculate the:
        1. number of moles of solid A used. (RFM = 106) 
        2. molar enthalpy of solution, ΔH_soln and show the sign of ΔH_soln 
           (Assume that for the solution, density = 1.0gcm³and specific heat capacity = 4.2 Jg^-1K^-1) (2 marks)
           
           
   • PROCEDURE II
     1. Fill a burette with solution B.
     2. Transfer all of the mixture in the 100 ml plastic beaker from procedure I into a 250 ml volumetric flask. Add distilled water to make up to the mark and shake. Label the mixture as solution A.
     3. Using a pipette and pipette tiller, place 25.0cm³ of solution A into a 250 ml conical flask. Add two or three drops of phenolphthalein indicator and titrate with solution B. Do not pour out the contents of the conical flask.
        Record the readings in Table 2
        Add two or three drops of methyl orange indicator to the contents of the conical flask. Titrate the mixture with solution B and record the readings of this second titration in Table 3.
        
        
        • Repeat Procedure II. step (iii) and complete Tables 2 and 3.
   •    
     1. Table 2. using phenolphthalein indicator
        

        	I	II
        Final burette reading
        Initial burette reading
        Volume of Solution B used, cm3

        (3 marks)
        Average volume, V₁ of solution B used = .. (½ mark)
        
        
     2. Table 3, using methyl orange indicator.
        

        	I	II
        Final burette reading
        Initial burette reading
        Volume of Solution B used, cm3

        (3 marks)
        Average volume, V₂ of solution B used = .. (½ mark)
   • Calculate the:
     1. concentration, in moles per litre, of sodium carbonate in solution A. RFM 106 (1 mark )
     2. number of moles of sodium carbonate in 25.0 cm³ of solution A (1 mark)
     3. number of moles of hydrochloric acid in the total volume, V₁ + V₂ of solution B. (1 mark)
     4. concentration, in moles per litre, of hydrochloric acid in solution B. (1 mark)
2. You are provided with solid C. Carry out the following tests. Write the observations and inferences in the spaces provided.
   Place all of solid C in a boiling tube. Add about 20 cm³ of distilled water and shake until all of the solid dissolves. Label the solution as solution C. Use about 2 cm³ of solution C in a test tube for each of the following tests.
   1. Add aqueous sodium hydroxide dropwise until in excess.
      

      Observations	Inferences

      (1 mark)         (2 marks)
   2. Add three drops of aqueous sodium sulphate.
      

      Observations	Inferences

      (1 mark)         (1 mark)
   3. Add three drops of aqueous barium nitrate.
      

      Observations	Inferences

      (1 mark)         (2 marks)
   4. Add three drops of aqueous lead(1) nitrate. Heat the mixture
      

      Observations	Inferences

      (1 mark)         ( 1 mark)
3. You are provided with an organic compound, solid D. Carry out the following tests. Record the observations and inferences in the spaces provided.
   1. Describe the appearance of solid D. (1 mark)
   2. Divide solid D into four portions.
      1. Place the first portion of solid D on a watch glass and burn it with a Bunsen burner flame.
         

         Observations	Inferences

         (1 mark)         (1 mark)
      2. Place the second portion of solid D in a test tube. Add about 3cm³ of aqueous sodium hydroxide and shake
         

         Observations	Inferences

         (1 mark)         ( 1 mark)
      3. Place the third portion of Solid D in a test tube. Add about 3cm³ of distilled water. Heat the mixture and add three drops of acidified potassium manganate(VII)
         

         Observations	Inferences

         ( 1 mark)         ( 1 mark)
      4. Place the fourth portion of solid D in a test tube. Add about 3 cm³ of distilled water. Heat the mixture and add all the solid sodium hydrogen carbonate provided.
         

         Observations	Inferences

         (1 mark)        (1 mark)

MARKING SCHEME

1. PROCEDURE
   1.  
      1. Table 1
         Award a total of 3 mks distributed as follows:
         A Complete table (1 mark.)
         Award (1 mark) for complete table with to temperature reading
         
         Penalties / conditions
         1. Penalize ½ mk ONCE for any space not filled subject to at least 5 readings given, otherwise penalize Fully, ie, award 0 mk
         2. Penalize ½ mk ONCE for unrealistic temperature readings of less than 10ºC and /or greater than 40°C for t=0 to t = 1½ minutes and for temperature reading(s) of greater than 50°C for readings t= 21⁄2 to t= 5 minutes
         3. Penalize ½ mk if ALL temperature readings are consistent
         4. Penalize ½ mk ONCE if temperature reading at t=2½ minutes is below or equal to the initial temperature reading at t = 1½ minutes
         5. If two or more rows of temperature readings are given, Penalize ½ mk on Complete table. However, for use of decimal, accuracy and trend to be credited, the two or more sets of rows MUST meet the two criteria provided for each case.
            NOTE! Any reading after t=2½ minutes falls below room temperature(t=1½ mins)
            Penalize ½ mk
      2. Use of decimals (½ mk)
         Subject to at least 2 temperature readings.
         1. All temperature readings MUST be recorded consistently either as a whole number, to 1dp or 2 dps, otherwise, penalize fully.
         2. If readings are recorded to 2 dps, then it should be .00, .025, .50,0.75, otherwise, penalize fully
         3. If readings are recorded to 1 dp then it should be .0 or .5, otherwise, penalize fully
      3. ACCURACY (½ mk)
         Compare the Candidate's value at t= 1½ mins. With the s.v
         1. If Within +2.0ºC of s.v award ½ otherwise award O mk for accuracy
            NOTE . If the Candidate's Value earns the mark, tick (v) the reading on the table.
         2. If no school value is given by the teacher or where the S.V given is unrealistic, Sample and average the candidates' values at t= 1½ mins
            Per Session that are close.
            However, if Candidates' Values are too varied, then use KNEC value of 22.5°C as the S.v (at t=1½ Mins)
      4. Trend (1 mk)
         Conditions
         1. Award the first ½mk if temperature reachings from t=½ min to t= 1½ mins are constant
         2. Award the second ½mk for either
            • a Continuous rise to a Maximum followed by a constant at maximum and then a continuous drop.
            • a Continuous rise up to a maximum followed by a continous drop
            • a Constant at the maximum followed by a continuous drop or
            • a sudden rise followed by a Continuous drop
   2. GRAPH(3 mks)
      Award a total of 3 mks distributed as follows.
      1. Labelling of axes ½
         Award ½mk only if BOTH ares are correctly labelled.
         
         • Penalties 
           1. Penalize. Fully for inverted axes.
           2. units may or may not be used but if given MUST be Correct, otherwise Penalize Fully for wrong units.
              NOTE : Both axes. Must be marked accordingly before posting the mark for labelling axes.
      2. Scale --- ------ ½ mk.
         1. Area Covered by the actual plots must be at least half the grid provided ie, 7 big squares vertically and 9 big squares horizontally.
         2. Scale intervals must be consistent ON EACH 9 the axes:
         3. Scale chosen MUST be able to accommodate all the readings whether plotted or not.
         4. If the scale is such that it leaves no room for extrapolation the scale is credited 0 mk.
            
            NOTE
            1. Award for correct scale even if the axes are inverted.
            2. Penalize Fully if any of the above conditions is not met.
      3. Plotting (1mk)
         Conditions
         1. If 10 or 9 are correctly plotted, award 1mk.
         2. If only 8 to 5 are correctly plotted, award ½mk.
         3. If less than 5 are correctly Plotted award 0mk.
            
            NOTE:
            1. Accept correct plots even if axes are inverted and award accordingly
            2. If any scale intervals are inconsistent, mark the plots, if any - within the first correct interval and treat all the other plots as wrong and award accordingly.
            3. Mark all the plots on the graph with either a tick (√) or a Cross (X).
      4. Shape / lines ------- 1mk)
         1. Accept 2 Straight lines Correctly extrapolated up to t = 2 minutes with the initial line being horizontal and the other line a dropping one for 1mk.
         2. Accept 2 lines not extrapolated and not joined with the initial line being horizontal and the other a dropping one for ½ mk.
         3. Each of the two lines MUST pass through at least 2 correctly plotted points, otherwise award 0mk.
            
   3. Temperature change; ΔT (1 mk)
      Conditions
      1. Accept the correct value of ΔT from the correct graph with or without showing on the graph even if the axes are inverted for 1mk.
      2. if shown on the graph Correctly but Δt is either missing or wrong award ½mk for correct showing on the graph.
      3. If not shown on two correct graph, award ½mk for correct working and another ½mk for correct ΔT
         NOTE:
         1. Reject reading and showing from a wrong graph ie, a graph that has score 0 mk for shape/lines.
         2. The units may or may not be shown but it shown Must be correct, otherwise Penalize ½ for wrong unit.
   4.  
      1. No. moles of solid A used = 5.3 = 0.05 marks
                                                 106
         Conditions / Penalties
         
         • If the expression is NOT shown but answer is correct, award only ½
         • The units may or may not be shown, but if shown MUST be correct, otherwise penalize ½mk for wrong units used.
         • The 5.3 and lo6 MUST be transferred intact, otherwise penalize FULLY
      2. ΔH = 30x4.2 x Ans (c) above = correct answer
         Molar enthalpy of solution =Correct answer = Final correct answer
                                                   ans d(i)above                                    (J mol^-1)
          OR
         ΔH = 30x 4.2 x Ans (c) above = correct answer.
                           1000
         Molar enthalpy of solution = Correct answer = Final correct answer( KJmol^-1)
                                                  Ans. d(i) above 
         OR
         Molar enthalpy of solution = 30x4 24 ans (c) above = Final correct answer(Jmol^-1)
                                                       Ans. d(i) above
         OR
         Molar enthalpy of solution = 30x4 24 ans (c) above = Final correct answer(KJmol^-1)
                                                   1000 x Ans. d(i) above
         
         Conditions / Penalties
         • Accept correct transfer of ans (C) and d(i) even if rejected in (C) and d(i) above.
         • Penalize ½mk for wrong transfer of either ans. (C) or ans.d(i) or BOTH otherwise Penalize FULLY for strange figures used.
         • Penalize ½ mk on final correct answer if the negative sign and for the unit is or are wrong. or missing
         • Penalize ½mk for wrong answer if arithmetic error is outside ±2 units in the 3rd digit.
         • Penalize FULLY for unrealistic find answer if outside the range of -12.6 kJmol^-1 to -28.1.kjmol^-1
           PROCEDURE II
   5.    
      1. Table 2 (4mks)
         Award 4 distributed as follows!
         1. Complete table ( 1 mk)
            Conditions
            1. Complete table with BOTH titrations done, award( 1 mk)
            2. Incomplete table with ONLY ONE titration done, award ½mk
               
               Penalize
               1. Wrong arithmetic
               2. Inverted table
               3. unrealistic  titre(s) (below 1.0cm³ or in hundreds.)
               4. burette reading (s) beyond 50.0cm³, unless explained
                  
                  NOTE
                  • Penalize ½mk for each of the above mistakes to a maximum of  ½mk Cile (Penalize ½ mk once)
                  • If No TITRATION is done, award 0mk for complete table as well as for EACH of the other Marking points.
         2. Use of decimals (tied to 1st and 2nd rows only) ---½mk
            
            Conditions
            1. Accept either 1 or 2 dps used consistently otherwise Penalize FULLY
            2. If 2 dps are used the second dip should be a "0" or "5" otherwise Penalize Fully.
            3. Accept inconsistency in the use of Zeros as INITIAL burette reading(s) i.e 0,0.0,0.00
         3. Accuracy 1mk
            compare the candidates correct titre values with the s.v
            
            Conditions
            1. If at least one titre is within ±0.10cm³ of the S.V award 1mk 
            2. If no titre is within ±0.10cm³ to±0.10cm³ of the S.V award but at least one is within ±0.20cm³ of the s.v award ½mk
            3.  If no titre i within ±0.20cm³ of the s.v award 0mk
               
               NOTE!
               1. If there was wrong arithmetic / subtraction in the table, compare the S.v with the worked out CORRECT titre(s) and award accordingly.
               2. If no S.V is given by the teacher or s.v cannot be worked out from the teacher's titres according to tul principles of averaging, then ,
                  1. write down all the candidate's' average titres per session and sample those that are close and average them to get the s.v.
                  2. If the candidates' average titres are too varied then use the KNEC Value  16.5cm³ as the s.v.
               3. Tick (√) the candidate's chosen titre on the table, if it earns a mark before posting the mark.
         4. Principles of averaging ½mk.
            
            Conditions
            1. If both titrations are done are consistent and are averaged correctly, award ½mk
            2. If both titrations are done, are inconsistent and yet averaged, award 0 MK for both
               Principles of averaging and final accuracy.
            3. If only one titration is done, award 0mk for both PA and FA .
               
               NOTE
               1. Answer should be expressed to at least 2d.ps unless it works out exactly to 1dp or whole number otherwise Penalize Fully.
               2. If no working is shown but answer given is correct, credit FULLY
               3. The working under Principles of averaging MUST be marked before posting the mark.
                  
                  Penalties
                  1. Penalize FULLY for wrong arithmetic it error is outside ± 2 units in the 2nd dp
                  2. Penalize Fully if no working is shown and answer given is wrong!
         5. Final accuracy -(1 mk)
            (Tied to correct average titre)
            Compare the candidate's correct average titre with the s.v
            
            Conditions
            1. If average titre is within ±0.1 cm³ F S.V award look
            2. If the average titre is not within ±0.1cm³ of s.v but within ±0.20cm³ of s.v award ½
            3. If the average titre is beyond ±0.2cm3 of the s.v, award 0 mk.
      2. Table 3
         Mark as per table 2. However if the KNEC Value is to be used as the s.v then it is 16.45 cm³,
         N/B Table 2 & 3 check on school value if realistic / Unrealistic
         If school value of table 3 almost double of table 2 , it is unrealistic hence sample out Candidates' Values.
         Table 2 and 3 values should be more or less the same.
         
         1. Calculations
            Molarity of soln A = Ans. d(i) above x 1000 
                                              250                          =correct ans. ½
            OR
            
            Conc of Solution A = 1000 x 5.3 = 21.2gdm³
                                               250
            Molarity of solution A = 21.2  = 0.2 M
                                                106
            
            NOTE
            If there is arithmetic error in the intermediate answer of 21.2 g/dm³ then award ½mk for the correct expression and penalize FULLY for the final answer .
            
            OR
            
            Molarity of solution A = 1000 x 5.3 = 0.2M
                                                 25 x 106
         2. Moles of Na₂CO₃ in 25 cm3 of solution A
            = Ans. f(i) above x 25 = correct ans
                     1000
            OR 
            
            5.3 x 25  = 0.05moles
            250x106
            
            OR
            
            Ans d(i) above x 25 = correct ans
                   250
         3. Mols of HCl solution B in V₁+V₂
            = Ans. f(ii) above x 2 = Correct ans
         4. Molarity of HCl = Ans. F(iii) X 1000= correct ans
                                         V₁+V₂
            OR
            
            MHCl= Ans. f(i) x 25 x 2 = Correct ans
                               V₁+V₂
            
            Conditions / Penalties
            1. Answer d(i) and f(i) to f(iii) MUST be transferred INTACT otherwise Penalize  back for wrong transfer in each case. However, Penalize FULLY for Strange figure in each case.
            2. Answer f(i) and f(iv) should be expressed to at least 3dps, unless they work out exactly to 2d.p or 1.d.p. Otherwise, penalize ½mk for round off in each case.
            3. In answer f(i) to f(iv) units may or may not be given but if given must be Correct otherwise penalize ½ in each case for wrong units used.
            4. Ans. f(iv) should be in the range of 0.1M to 0.5M otherwise Penalize FULLY for unrealistic answer.
2.    
   
   • 
     
     

     Observation	Inferences
     White ppt formed which is insoluble in excess alkali Note:White ppt in excess ( full credit)        - Accept white solid/ suspension        - Reject: - white solution/substance/particles	Ca2+, Mg2+ or Ba2+  Note: - Credit 1 mark for any 2 ions givens -If one ion given only credit ½mk - Penalize ½mk for each contradictory ion to max of 1 mk -Ignore mention od Al3+ , Zn2+ and Pb2+ as absent

     
     
     
   • 
     

     Observation	Inference
     White ppt formed  Note:  - Accept white solid/ suspension in place of white ppt -Ignore mention of insoluble in excess but penalize fully if soluble in excess. Reject: -White solution -ppt on its own or ppt with contradictory colour	Ca2+ Ba2+ present Note: -Credit 1mk for either of the 2 ions given on its own -Correct inference tied to Ca2+ Ba2+ having been correctly infered in 2(a) above -Penalize fully for any contradictory ion given In the absence of Ca2+ Ba2+ credit ½ for Mg2+ absent. -Subject to having been correctly infered in 2(a) above as present.

   • Observation	Inference
     No white ppt formed Note: -Accept: - no ppt -colourless solution -No observable change for 1/2mk but accept correct inference and credit accordingly	SO42-, SO32-, CO32- absent. - All 3 ions given - 2mks -only 2 given - 1mk - only 1 given - ½mk Note: - Where there's a contradictory ion, mark out of 1½ and penalize deduct ion to max of 1½

     
     
     

   • Observation	Inference
     A white ppt is formed which dissolves on heating Note:Reject: - White solution white substance General note: -Accept ions written in words each for only ½mk	Cl-/Br- present note: -Credit 1mk for either of the two ions -Correct inference tied to white ppt dissolve on heating -Penalize fully for any contradictory ion given

     
     
     
3.    
   1. White crystalline solid/ white crystals
      Note
      
      1. Accept white solid/ white powder for only ½mk
      2. Reject solid on its own
      3. Colourless crystals ( reject)
      4. Reject white ppt or white solution
   2.   
      1.   
         

         Observation	Inference
         Solid melts and burns with a yellow/ luminous and  sooty/ smoky flame Note	present Note:  -Accept either of the following statements given in words in place of structures for full credit. - unsaturated organic compound -organic compound with high C:H ratio -Aromatic organic compound -Long chain organic compound -Carbon to carbon double( triple) bond present Reject:  -C=C / C=C Ignore alkenes/alkybes present Ignore long chain hydrocarbon

         
         
         
         
         
      2. 
         

         Observation	inferences
         The solid dissolves to form a colourless solution Note: -Reject- colurless liquid used instead of colourless solution Credit fully- colourless solution without use of the word dissolving	-Acidic compound. Note-  -Accept carboxylic/ alkanoic acid present for full credit -Correct inference is tied to solid dissolving -Ignore H+, H3O+ present

         
         
         
      3. 
         

         Observation	Inference
         Acidified KMnO4 solution not dicolorised OR Purple colour of acidified solution does not change to colourless OR Purple colour of acidified KMnO4 solution retained/ remains/persists Reject- Solution remains purple          - Solution not decolourised          - Purple colour persists on its own          - Colour of KMnO4 remains/ persists/ retained	and ROH absent Notes: -in the absence of the above structures, accept the correct inference given in words for full credit written as:    -unsaturated organic compound absent    - alkanol/ alcohol absent

         
         
         

      4. Observation	Inference
         Effrevescence/ bubbles of a colourless gas/ fizzing Reject- Hissing, fizzling, zizzling, colourless gas	R-COOH present Note: Accept either of the following given in place of above structure: - Carboxylic/ alkanoic acid present - Solution is acidic -H3O+ / H+ present

         
         General note: - 
         • Credit fully for inference in b(i) and b(ii) even if observation has only scored ½
         • Penalize fully for any contradictory functional group in the inferences in each case.