INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS
- This paper has Three sections: A, B and C.
- Answer all the questions in section A.
- Answer question three questions from section B and two others from section C.
- All answers must be written in the answer booklet provided.
- Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no question is missing
SECTION A (25MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section
- Identify one branch in the study of History and Government of Kenya (1mk)
- What was the main economic activity of the Cushites in the pre-colonial period? (1mk)
- State two similarities in the political organization of the Ameru and Abagusii in Kenya during the 19th century (2mks)
- Identify one way in which the Monsoon winds led to the development of trade between the Kenyan coast and the outside world (1mk)
- State two functions of Fort Jesus during the Portuguese rule along the Kenyan coast (2mks)
- Define the term dual citizenship (1mk)
- Give two categories of human rights (2mks)
- Give two rules that govern the concept of National justice (2mks)
- State two terms of Anglo-German-Agreement of 1886 (2mks)
- Give one reason why the British colonial government encouraged white settlers to come to Kenya (1mk)
- What was the main reason for the formation of Ukamba Members Association? (1mk)
- Why was the nomination of Eliud Mathu to the Legco important? (1mk)
- Name two chambers of parliament under the new constitution (2mks)
- Name one branch of the police service in Kenya (1mk)
- Name one superior court in Kenya (1mk)
- Identify one circumstance that would make a county governor to be removed from office (1mk)
- State the main function of the National Security Council (1mk)
SECTION B
Answer any three questions from this section
-
- Why did the Highland Nilotes migrate from their original homeland during the pre-colonial period? (5mks)
- Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Highland Nilotes in Kenya (10mks)
-
- Give three reasons for the coming of European Christian missionaries to Kenya in the 19th century (3mks)
- Explain six factors that hindered the work of early Christian missionaries in Kenya (12mks)
-
- What were the reasons for construction of the Kenya – Uganda railway? (3mks)
- Explain 6 effects of the construction of Kenya – Uganda railway (12mks)
-
- Why were Africans opposed to the British colonial rule between 1920 – 1939? (5mks)
- Explain five methods used by African Nationalists in Kenya in their struggle for independence (10mks)
SECTION C
Answer any two questions from this section
-
- State three factors that have undermined natural unity in Kenya since independence (5mks)
- Explain five challenges facing the correctional services in Kenya today (10mks)
-
- Identify three groups of Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) (3mks)
- Explain 6 functions of the Kenya Defence Forces (12mks)
-
- Name five survival rights of a child (5mks)
- Describe five features of the Independence constitution (10mks)
MARKING SCHEME
- Identify one branch in the study of History and Government of Kenya (1mk)
- Social
- Political
- Economic
- What was the main economic activity of the Cushites in the pre-colonial period? (1mk)
Pastoralism/Livestock keeping - State two similarities in the political organization of the Ameru and Abagusii in Kenya during the 19th century (2mks)
- Clan formed the basic political unit
- Leadership was by council of elders
- Council of elders settled disputes
- Age-set provided warriors who defended the community
- Identify one way in which the Monsoon winds led to the development of trade between the Kenyan coast and the outside world (1mk)
They would blow the ships/dhows to the E.A. Coast and back to their countries - State two functions of Fort Jesus during the Portuguese rule along the Kenyan coast (2mks)
- Used as a watch tower to detect enemies
- Hiding place
- Store for weapons
- Prison for war captives
- Base for sending expenditions
- Define the term dual citizenship (1mk)
It is the legal right of a person to belong to two countries - Give two categories of human rights (2mks)
- Civil and political rights
- Social, economic and cultural rights
- Solidarity rights
- Give two rules that govern the concept of National justice (2mks)
- Right to a fair hearing
- Rule against bias
- State two terms of Anglo-German-Agreement of 1886 (2mks)
- The sultan of Zanzibar got 16km coastal strip and coastline
- The territory between River Umba and River Ruvuma would become German sphere of influence
- British would take up the territory between River Umba and River Juba
- Western boundary was not defined and Uganda was up for grabs to whichever power got there first
- Give one reason why the British colonial government encouraged white settlers to come to Kenya (1mk)
- To exploit the highlands to meet costs of administration and railway maintenance
- Settler activities would offset administration cost
- Settler activities would provide raw materials
- Settlers would counter Asian influence
- What was the main reason for the formation of Ukamba Members Association? (1mk)
Africans were against the Destocking policy - Why was the nomination of Eliud Mathu to the Legco important? (1mk)
For the first time Africans were represented in the Legco by one of their own - Name two chambers of parliament under the new constitution (2mks)
- The National Assembly
- Senate
- Name one branch of the police service in Kenya (1mk)
- Administration Police Service
- National Police Service
- Name one superior court in Kenya (1mk)
- Supreme Court
- Court of Appeal
- High Court
- Identify one circumstance that would make a county governor to be removed from office (1mk)
- Gross misconduct/abuse of office
- Physical or mental incapacity to perform
- Gross violation of the constitution or any other law
- When proved that the County Governor has committed a crime under national or International law
- State the main function of the National Security Council (1mk)
Exercise supervisory control over national security organs/supervise national security organs
SECTION B
Answer any three questions from this section
-
- Why did the Highland Nilotes migrate from their original homeland during the pre-colonial period? (5mks)
- Moved in search of water and pasture for their livestock
- Outbreak of diseases/epidemics forced them to move
- Attacks from other communities forced them to move
- Population pressure in their cradle land
- Due to drought and famine
- Family/clan disputes
- Spirit of adventure
- Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Highland Nilotes in Kenya (10mks)
- They displaced some communities e.g. Abagusii, Maasai & Abaluhya
- They absorbed/assimilated Bantu e.g. Teriki
- Trading activities intensified
- Population increased
- They intermarried with other communities
- Conflicts increased i.e. cattle raids
- There was cultural exchange
- Why did the Highland Nilotes migrate from their original homeland during the pre-colonial period? (5mks)
-
- Give three reasons for the coming of European Christian missionaries to Kenya in the 19th century (3mks)
- To spread Christianity
- To spread western culture/western civilization
- To explore
- They came to stop slave trade/establish legitimate trade
- To counter the spread of Islam
- Explain six factors that hindered the work of early Christian missionaries in Kenya (12mks)
- Lack of transport and communication facilities
- Language barrier
- Tropical diseases led to ill-health/death slowing their work
- Lack of security
- Opposition from Muslims
- Inadequate funds
- Faced hostility from slave traders
- They were few in number compared to the vast population of Africans to be converted
- Lack of geographical knowledge of the area
- Inter-denominational rivalry
- Lack of support from Africans because they interfered with traditional African culture
- Give three reasons for the coming of European Christian missionaries to Kenya in the 19th century (3mks)
-
- What were the reasons for construction of the Kenya – Uganda railway? (3mks)
- To facilitate movement of troops to suppress resistance
- To promote development of trade/Abolish slave trade
- British wanted to protect the source of the Nile in Uganda
- Wanted to exploit resources in the interior coast
- Christian missionaries needed easy movement
- Laying of infrastructure was the best testimony that the territory was now effectively under British crown
- Explain 6 effects of the construction of Kenya – Uganda railway (12mks)
- Led to emergence of towns
- Encouraged the construction of feeder roads
- Led to land alienation
- Simulated both internal and external trade
- Employment opportunities
- Provided revenue for governance
- Missionaries were able to spread Christianity
- Facilitated cultural & social interaction between different races
- Led to rural-urban migration
- Speeded up development of agriculture and industry
- Rapid movement of troops
- Easy accessibility to the interior
- What were the reasons for construction of the Kenya – Uganda railway? (3mks)
-
- Why were Africans opposed to the British colonial rule between 1920 – 1939? (5mks)
- Their land was alienated
- They were discriminated/racial segregation
- The British introduced Kipande system
- Resented forced labour
- Were against policies e.g. destocking policy
- They were heavily taxed
- They were against cultural interference
- They were paid low wages/poor working conditions
- Explain five methods used by African Nationalists in Kenya in their struggle for independence (10mks)
- Used armed struggle e.g Mau mau
- Organized strikes/boycotts
- Used trade unions to articulate the course of their struggle among workers
- Used representatives in Legco to pressurize the colonial government
- Formed social organization and political parties
- Used mass media to mobilize the people
- Used independent churches and schools to sensitize Africans
- Africans sent petitions and delegations to the governor and colonial office in London
- Why were Africans opposed to the British colonial rule between 1920 – 1939? (5mks)
SECTION C
Answer any two questions from this section
-
- State three factors that have undermined natural unity in Kenya since independence (5mks)
- Tribalism
- Nepotism
- Racism
- Party ideologies
- Greed
- Ignorance
- Poverty
- Corruption
- Irresponsible utterances by leaders
- Religious conflicts
- Explain five challenges facing the correctional services in Kenya today (10mks)
- Overcrowding
- Inadequate facilities due to congestion
- Diseases e.g. HIV/AIDS
- Mistreatment of prisoners by wardens e.g. King’ong’o torture
- Food shortage
- Poor clothing
- State three factors that have undermined natural unity in Kenya since independence (5mks)
-
- Identify three groups of Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) (3mks)
- Kenya army
- Kenya navy
- Kenya airforce
- Explain 6 functions of the Kenya Defence Forces (12mks)
- Defence and protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic
- Assist and cooperate with other authorities
- Deployed to restore peace in any part of the country affected by unrest
- Assist in preservation of internal security e.g1982 coup
- Participate in nation building activities e.g. road & bridge construction
- Assist the public during national emergencies and calamities e.g. floods, famine, fire outbreaks
- Entertain the citizens during National holidays e.g. Madaraka day
- Take part in peace keeping missions such as UN peace keeping operations
- Identify three groups of Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) (3mks)
-
- Name five survival rights of a child (5mks)
- Right to life
- Right to a name and identity
- Good medical care
- Good clothing
- Good shelter
- Right to good
- Right to education
- Describe five features of the Independence constitution (10mks)
- Based on west minister parliamentary system
- Government was headed by a Prime minister
- National assembly was bicameral i.e senate & House of Representatives
- Majiboism – country was divided into 7 regions
- Rights of minorities were protected
- Civil service was cushioned from corruption
- Bill of rights was incorporated to guard against human rights abuses
- Name five survival rights of a child (5mks)
Download History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Mwakican Joint Pre Mock Examination 2021.
Tap Here to Download for 50/-
Get on WhatsApp for 50/-
Why download?
- ✔ To read offline at any time.
- ✔ To Print at your convenience
- ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students