History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Mang'u Mock 2020 Exam

HISTORY
PAPER 2
TIME: 2½ HOURS.

Instructions to candidates

• This paper consists of THREE sections: A, B & C
• Answer ALL the questions in section A, THREE Questions from section B and TWO questions from section C.  

SECTION A: (25 MARKS)
The Answer All the questions in this section

1. Identify two sub-groups of the Kalenjin speakers(2mks)
2. Give two economic responsibilities of a Kenya citizen (2mks)
3. State two political functions of the Oloibon among the Maasai during the 19th century (2mks)
4. State the first settlement area of the Luo during their migration from Sudan(1mk)
5. Identify the constitutional change that increased the number of African members to the legislative council in Kenya in 1957(1mk)
6. Give the main reason why the government of Kenya introduced the constituency development fund(1mk)
7. State two results of the establishment of independent churches in Kenya during the colonial period(2mks)
8. Name two philosophies adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya (2mks)
9. Name the political party formed by Oginga Odinga in 1966 (1mk)
10. Give one main feature of the first parliament in independent Kenya (1mk)
11. What is the main challenge facing free primary education in Kenya?(1mk)
12. Name two independent churches that were established in Nyanza during the colonial period (2mks) 
13. Give one type of parliamentary election held in Kenya (1mk)
14. Give the main function of the commission on Revenue allocation in Kenya (1mk)
15. State one way through which the opposition political parties in Kenya check on the government excesses (1mk)
16. Name the administrative head of Kenya parliament (1mk)
17. Give one house committee of parliament that deals with government financial matters (1mk)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section 

18.  
    1. Why did the highland Nilotes migrate from their original homeland during the pre-colonial period?(5mks)
    2. Explain five aspects of the social organization of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period (10mks)
19.     
    1. State five ways in which the construction of the Kenya Uganda railway promoted economic development in Kenya during the colonial period (5mks)
    2. Explain five consequences of colonial land policies (10mks)
20.     
    1. What were the causes of the Bukusu resistance?(5mks)
    2. Explain five results of Bukusu resistance  (10mks)

SECTION C (30MKS)
Answer all questions

21.    
    1. Identify five requirements in the constitution making process(5mks)
    2. Describe five functions of the high court of Kenya (10mks)
22.      
    1. State five objectives of devolving the government of Kenya(5mks)
    2. Explain five ways in which the county governments raise their revenue (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1. Two subgroups of the Kalejin speakers
   • Kipsigis
   • Nandi
   • Tugen
   • Sabaot
   • Pokot
   • Elgeyo Marulwet 
2. Two economic responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen
   • Participating in development activities
   • Paying taxes
   • Protecting and conserving the environment
   • Work hard and honesty to create wealth for oneself and for the country
3. Two political functions of the Oloibon among the Maasai
   • Settled disputes
   • Advised council of elders
   • Administered the communities/ unifying factor
   • Advised and blessed warriors
4. 1^st settlement area of the Luo during their migration from Sudan
   • Pubungu/ Pakwach
5. Constitutional change that increases the war of African members to the Legco
   • Lennox-Boyd constitution 
6. Main reasons why the government of Kenya introduced the constituency development funds
   • Speed up development/ uplift the living standards of people in the constituencies.
7. Two results off the establishment of independent churches in Kenya.
   • Incorporation of African cultural practices and beliefs into Christianity.
   • Africans trained as clergy
   • Accelerated spread of Christianity
8. Two philosophies adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya
   • African socialization
   • Harambee spirit
9. Political party formed by Oginga Odinga in 1966
   • Kenya peoples union (KPU)
10. One main feature of the 1^st parliament in independent Kenya.
    • Abolition of the senate
11. Main challenge facing free primary education in Kenya
    • Over enrollment of the pupils
12. Two independent churches established in Nyanza during the colonial period
    • Mumboism
    • Nomiya Luo Church
    • Legio Maria
    • African orthodox church - AIPC
13. Give one of parliamentary election held in Kenya
    • General election
    • By-election
14. Main function of the commission n revenue allocation in Kenya
    • Allocate revenue to county government
15. One way through which the opposition political parties in Kenya check on the government excesses
    • Pointing out mistakes made by the government
    • Point out misuse of public funds
16. Administrative head of the Kenyan parliament
    • Clerk
17. One house committee of parliament that deals with government financial matter
    • PAC - Public Accounts Committee
    • PIC - Public Investment Committee

SECTION B

18.    
    1. Reasons for the migration of the Highlands Nilotes
       • Need for pasture
       • Population pressure
       • External attacks
       • Outbreak of diseases
       • Internal disputes
       • Draught and famine
       • Spirit of adventure
    2. Five aspects of the social organization of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period
       • Family - basic social unit related families formed a clan
       • Circumcised both boys and girls
       • Believed in the existence of a supreme God "Enkai".
       • Ancestral spirits
       • Existence of special people e.g diviners, medicine men and prophets
       • Social ceremonies rites of passage e.g birth, circumcision, marriage and death
       • Staple food - meat, milk and breed. 
19.     
    1. Five ways in which construction of the Kenya - Uganda railway promoted economic development
       • Hastened transportation o goods and service
       • Promoted growth of trade
       • Opened the interior for farming Led to growth of industries/ mining
       • Development of urban centres Generated revenue for the colonial government
       • Created employment
       • Development of other means of transport and communication
    2. Five results of the Bukusu resistance
       • Loss of independence
       • Loss of lies by both parties
       • Massive destruction of properties
       • Nabongo Mumia's rule was extended to Bukusu land
       • There was animosity between Bulusu and Tachoni as the Bukusu felt that they has been betrayed by Tachoni.
       • Bukusu women and children were taken prisoners by the British
20.     
    1. Causes of the Bukusu Yesistance
       • They were being forced to recognize Nabongo Mumias as the overall leader of the Abaluyia.
       • Need to safeguard their independence
       • Hatred of cultural interference by Europeans (missionaries)
       • Taxation of the people. Taxes collected with a lot of brutality
       • They resented Wanga agents imposed on them
       • Head of strong military organization
    2. Explain 5 consequences of colonial land policies
       • Land was alienated from Africans
       • Creation of revenues
       • Africans become squatters in the European farms
       • Introduction of forced labour
       • Introduction of Kipande system to restrict the movement of the Africans.
       • Increased European immigration to Kenya who settled on white highlands
       • Land issue led to increased African nationalism
       • Change in land tenure system/ individual land ownership
       • Development of classes among the Africans wealth vs poor
       • Disruption of African economy.

SECTION C

21.    
    1. Five requirements in the constitution making process
       • Provision of civil education
       • Collecting views from the public
       • Drafting the constitution
       • Draft constitution is published for the public to know
       • Review commission hold public hearings in all areas or further recommendations.
       • Agreed upon issues are re-drafted and presented to all
       • If certain issues are rejected conference, the commission cranizes a referendum for the public to vote.
       • The G publishes the draft constitution in form of a bill
       • The bill is introduced in parliament for enactment
    2. Five functions of the High court
       • Hears cases that cannot be heard by lower courts e.g robbery with violence, murder e.t.c
       • Listens to appeals from the lower courts
       • Corrects/mends irregularities in decisions made by lower courts
       • Hars cases that carry death sentences/ involve large sums of money Deals with cases involving land disputes
       • Deals with disputes that take place outside Kenya's territorial waters
       • It hears appeals from decisions made by tribunals involving advocates of the High court and other members.
       • Acts as a constitutional court by determining whether a case brought before it is constitutional or unconstitutional
       • Listens to appeals from special courts
       • Hears election petition cases 
       • Exercises divorce jurisdiction in matrimonial matters.
       • Hears appeals from tribunals of rent restriction tribunal.
22.     
    1. Five objectives of devolving the government of Kenya
       • Promote democratic exercise o power
       • Promote unity in the country
       • To empower the people to participate in decision making
       • Protect interest of the minority marginalized groups
       • Promote equitable development in the country
       • Take services closer to the people
       • Decentralize state organ/ functions from the capital
       • Enhance checks and balances 
    2. Five ways in which the country governments take their revenue.
       • Impose property rates within their areas.
       • They charge for the services they render to residents
       • Funding by the national government
       • Borrow loans from national governments
       • They levy taxes on the services/ goods generated in the country to finance their activities
       • Licenses granted to businesses
       • By charging fees for the use of the counties property fines
       • By renting property/ houses to people
       • Grants-both from local and external sources.