English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Maranda High School Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to candidates

• This paper has three sections: 1, 2 and 3.
• Answer ALL questions in this paper.

1. Read the passage below and use it to answer the questions that follow: (20 marks)
   Regulators in Italy issued a temporary ban on ChatGPT Friday, effective immediately, due to privacy concerns and said they had opened an investigation into how OpenAI, the US company behind the popular chatbot, uses data. Italy’s data protection agency said users lacked information about the collection of their data and that a breach at ChatGPT had been reported on March 20.
   
   “There appears to be no legal basis underpinning the massive collection and processing of personal data in order to ‘train’ the algorithms on which the platform relies,” the agency said.
   
   The Italian regulator also expressed concerns over the lack of age verification for ChatGPT users. It argued that this “exposes children to receiving responses that are absolutely inappropriate to their age and awareness.” The platform is supposed to be for users older than 13, it noted.
   
   The data protection agency said OpenAI would be barred from processing the data of Italian users until it “respects the privacy regulation.”
   
   OpenAI has been given 20 days to communicate the measures it will take to comply with Italy’s data rules. Otherwise, it could face a penalty of up to €20 million ($21.8 million), or up to 4% of its annual global turnover.
   
   Since its public release four months ago, ChatGPT has become a global phenomenon, amassing millions of users impressed with its ability to craft convincing written content, including academic essays, business plans and short stories.
   
   But concerns have also emerged about its rapid spread and what large-scale uptake of such tools could mean for society, putting pressure on regulators around the world to act.
   
   The European Union is finalizing rules on the use of artificial intelligence in the bloc. In the meantime, EU companies must comply with the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, as well as the Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act, which apply to tech platforms. Meanwhile, so-called “generative AI” tools available to the public are proliferating.
   
   Earlier this month, OpenAI released GPT-4, a new version of the technology underpinning ChatGPT that’s even more powerful. The company said the updated technology passed a simulated law school bar exam with a score around the top 10% of test takers; by contrast, the prior version, GPT-3.5, scored around the bottom 10%.
   
   This week, some of the biggest names in tech, including Elon Musk, called for AI labs to stop the training of the most powerful AI systems for at least six months, citing “profound risks to society and humanity.”
   Adapted from CNN – March 31^st, 2023
   1. Explain TWO reasons why the Italian authorities have prohibited the use of ChatGPT.    (2 marks)
   2. Illustrate the use of informal language in the passage. (2 marks)
   3. Why is the word ‘train’ quoted? (2 marks)
   4. Make notes on the merits of ChatGPT. (3 marks)
   5. Apart from Italy, highlight the contributions of other international entities on OpenAI.    (2 marks)
   6. Since its public release four months ago, ChatGPT has become a global phenomenon. (Rewrite ending with the subordinate clause)
      (1 mark)
   7. Comment on the tone the author uses to bring out the subject matter. (3 marks)
   8. Briefly describe how the OpenAI has evolved overtime. (2 marks)
   9. Contextualize the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (3 marks)
      1. Breach ……………………………………………………………………………………
      2. Proliferating ……………………………………………………………………………………
      3. Profound ……………………………………………………………………………………
2. Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow. (25 marks)
   Nora: Yes, indeed I can. It was tonight, when the wonderful thing did not happen; then I saw you were not the man I had thought you were.
   Helmer: Explain yourself better. I don’t understand you.
   Nora: I have waited so patiently for eight years; for goodness know, I knew very well that wonderful things don’t happen every day. Then this horrible misfortune came upon me; and then I felt quite certain that the wonderful thing was going to happen at last. When Krogstad’s letter was lying out there, never for a moment did I imagine that you would consent to accept this man’s conditions. I was so absolutely certain that you would say to him: Publish the thing to the whole world. And when that was done —
   Helmer: Yes, what then? — when I had exposed my wife to shame and disgrace?
   Nora: When that was done, I was so absolutely certain, you would come forward and take everything upon yourself, and say: I am the guilty one.
   Helmer: Nora —!
   Nora: You mean that I would never have accepted such a sacrifice on your part? No, of course not. But what would my assurances have been worth against yours?
   That was the wonderful thing which I hoped for and feared; and it was to prevent that that I wanted to kill myself.
   Helmer: I would gladly work night and day for you, Nora — bear sorrow and want for your sake. But no man would sacrifice his honour for the one he loves.
   Nora: It is a thing hundreds of thousands of women have done.
   Helmer: Oh, you think and talk like a heedless child.
   Nora: Maybe. But you neither think nor talk like the man I could bind myself to. As soon as your fear was over — and it was not fear for what threatened me, but for what might happen to you —when the whole thing was past, as far as you were concerned it was as if nothing at all had happened. Exactly as before, I was your little skylark, your doll, which you would in future treat with doubly gentle care, because it was so brittle and fragile. (getting up) Torvald — it was then it dawned upon me that for eight years I had been living here with a strange man, and had borne him three children —. Oh, I can’t bear to think of it! I could tear myself into little bits!
   Helmer: (sadly) I see, I see. An abyss has opened between us— there is no denying it. But, Norah, would it not be possible to fill it up?
   
   Questions
   1. “Yes, indeed I can.” Explain what led to the response. (3 marks)
   2. What does Nora mean by the wonderful thing she was certain was going to happen at last?       (2 marks)
   3. Comment on the character of Helmer as displayed in the excerpt. (4 marks)
   4. “When Krogstad’s letter was lying out there…” With your knowledge of the entire text, which letter is being referred to here and what were its content? (4 marks)
   5. Explain the use of language in the excerpt. (2 marks)
   6. What are the social issues brought out in the extract? (4 marks)
   7. But no man would sacrifice his honour for the one he loves. (Rewrite the sentence using ‘single’ without changing the meaning) (1 mark)
   8. Comment on Helmer’s attitude towards Nora as revealed in the excerpt. (3 marks)
   9. Explain what happens immediately after the extract. (2 marks)
3. Read the following oral song and answer the questions that follow: (20 marks)
   The Nzaiko of the Akamba
   Are you really circumcising or not?
   That I may enter into this home
   Mother Mailu, Mailu, Mailu
   Mother of child, come out
   Anoint me, anoint me down to my feet before I go in.
   The circumcision man is busy now
   Son, it is painful but you can’t die
   Stay firm like a stone
   You are my light and my pride
   We shall be ecstatic after it is done\
   You can be chosen chief after it is done
   You will get a wife after it is done
   I am fence, I protect youth
   I had better examine
   A gourd is inside
   I had better examine.
   A goat is inside
   I had better examine.
   1. Identify the type of oral song. (2 marks)
   2. What aspects of this society are brought out in the poem? (3 marks)
   3. Who do you think is the singer of the song? Give a reason. (2 marks)
   4. Identify and explain any three aspects of style used in the song? (6 marks)
   5. Give two purposes that this song can serve. (2 marks)
   6. What is the mood created by the persona in the song? (3 marks)
   7. Explain the meaning of the following expressions as used in the song. (2 marks)
      1. Ecstatic
      2. I am fence, I protect youth
4. Grammar (15 marks)
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each.   (3 marks)
      1. I thought she was injured. I took her to the nearest dispensary. (Begin: Thinking…)
      2. He had never seen such a big number of people in town. (Begin: Never…)
      3. He was much disorganized. He could not lead the class. (Join into one sentence beginning: So...)
   2. Choose the correct alternative to complete the following sentences. (2 marks)
      1. Mike and……………… (me, I) wrote the article.
      2. How can you be so sure it was………? (them, they)
   3. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct form of the words in bracket.    (3 marks)
      1. It is (desire) to win presidential elections.
      2. The officer in charge is (corrupt) because he does not take bribes.
      3. The letter had (lay) there uncollected for two days.
   4. Use the most appropriate preposition to fill in the gaps bellow. (2 marks)
      1. The way he talked……….us showed that he was rude.
      2. My neighbours congratulated me….……my new appointment.
   5. Rewrite the following sentences with the correct question tag. (2 marks)
      1. You’d rather play than work.
      2. At this rate there will be money left to pay the children’s fee.
   6. Replace the underlined words in each of the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs. (3marks)
      1. The old man died quietly last night.
      2. We felt completely disappointed by John’s performance.
      3. Juma always visits during meals.

MARKING SCHEME

1. Comprehension (20 marks)
   1. Explain TWO reasons why the Italian authorities have prohibited the use of ChatGPT. (2 marks)
      1. Privacy concerns as it appears that there is no legal basis underpinning the massive collection and processing of personal data in order to ‘train’ the algorithms on which the platform relies.
      2. Lack of age verification for ChatGPT users as this exposes children to receiving responses that are absolutely inappropriate to their age and awareness.
   2. Illustrate the use of informal language in the passage. (2 marks)
      1. Abbreviation - AI/US
      2. Contraction – that’s
   3. Why is the word ‘train’ quoted? (2 marks)
      It is not true that OpenAI is trained the algorithms on which it relies/ The word has not been used in its literal sense.
   4. Make notes on the merits of ChatGPT. (3 marks)
      1. It helps to craft academic essays
      2. It helps to craft business plans
      3. It helps to craft short stories
   5. Apart from Italy, highlight the contributions of other international entities on OpenAI. (2 marks)
      1. The European Union is finalizing rules on the use of artificial intelligence in the bloc.
      2. Some of the biggest names in tech, including Elon Musk, called for AI labs to stop the training of the most powerful AI systems for at least six months
   6. Since its public release four months ago, ChatGPT has become a global phenomenon. (Rewrite ending with the subordinate clause)
      (1 mark)
      ChatGPT has become a global phenomenon since its release four months ago.
   7. Comment on the tone the author uses to bring out the subject matter. (3 marks)
      Disapproving/condemnatory – the passage largely focuses on how different bodies plan to regulate the use of OpenAI due to its potential dangers.
   8. Briefly describe how the OpenAI has evolved overtime. (2 marks)
      OpenAI released GPT-4, a new version of the technology underpinning ChatGPT that’s even more powerful. The company said the updated technology passed a simulated law school bar exam with a score around the top 10% of test takers; by contrast, the prior version, GPT-3.5, scored around the bottom 10%.
   9. Contextualize the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (3 marks)
      1. Breach – violation/(an) infringement/contravention
      2. Proliferating – growing/ expanding/snowballing/spreading
      3. Profound – intense/extreme/great
2. Excerpt (25 marks)
   1. Nora asserts that she no longer loves Helmer (1mk) and that she would not stay there any longer (1mk). Helmer then asks whether she could tell him what he had done to forfeit her love (1mk). Any points, 1 mark each=3 marks
   2. Helmer standing by her and taking responsibility of the misfortune that had befallen her/Helmer admitting being guilty of the borrowed loan and forgery (2 marks)
   3.  
      • Inquisitive- Asks several questions-…to forfeit your love?... to shame and disgrace? ...to fill it up?
      • Self-centred/Selfish- could not sacrifice his honour for the one he loves/… only feared for what might happen to him and not what threatened Nora.
      • Fearful – as soon as your fear was over
      • Hypocritical- says he would gladly work night and day for Nora yet he can’t sacrifice for her.
        Any 2 well illustrated points, 2 marks each
   4. Krogstad’s first letter to Helmer (1 mark)
      The fraud committed by Nora forging her father’s signature on the bond (1mark), wrongly dating the bond so as to secure loan from Krogstad (1 mark), this amounted to an offence chargeable in a court of law (1 mark)
   5.  
      • Rhetorical question- But what would my assurances have been worth against yours?
      • Simile – …you think and talk like a heedless child- Norah behaves like a careless child/foolishly
      • Metaphor – I was your little skylark, your doll- insinuates that Nora is like a play thing/object of amusement for Helmer.
      • Hyperbole/Exaggeration- I could tear myself into little bits-emphasizes how terribly disappointed she was
        Illustration- 1 mark, effect- 1 mark; any 2 points, 2 marks each
   6.  
      • Patriarchy/Male Chauvinism/Gender equality- women are perceived as not intelligent enough/ Nora thinks like a heedless child/ But no man would sacrifice his honour for the one he loves.
      • Sacrifice/selflessness-…hundreds of thousands of women sacrifice. Nora wanted to commit suicide in order to exonerate her husband from blame if the fraud she committed would be exposed.
      • Love- Nora wanted to commit suicide in order to exonerate her husband from blame if the fraud she committed would be exposed.
      • Betrayal – Nora feels betrayed that her husband Helmer whom she had always believed would take up the blame on her behalf with regards to the case of fraud, confesses that he can’t sacrifice his honour for the one he loves.
        Any 2 well illustrated points, 2 marks each= 4 marks
   7. But not a single man would sacrifice his honour for the one he loves.
   8. Contemptuous/ Patronizing/Condescending/scornful-… you think and talk like a heedless child/… I was your little skylark, your doll.
      Any well illustrated point= 3 marks; Identification-2 marks, Illustration-1 mark
   9.  
      • Nora asserts she is no wife for Helmer
      • Helmer promises to be a different/changed man
      • Nora comments that Helmer may just change if the doll is taken away from him
      • Nora leaves to the right
      • Nora comes back with her cloak, hat and a small bag which she places on a chair by the table.
        Any 3 points, 1 mark each
3. Read the following oral song and answer the questions that follow: (20 Marks)
   The Nzaiko of the Akamba
   Are you really circumcising or not?
   That I may enter into this home
   Mother Mailu, Mailu, Mailu
   Mother of child, come out
   Anoint me, anoint me down to my feet before I go in.
   The circumcision man is busy now
   Son, it is painful but you can’t die
   Stay firm like a stone
   You are my light and my pride
   We shall be ecstatic after it is done
   You can be chosen chief after it is done
   You will get a wife after it is done
   I am fence, I protect youth
   I had better examine
   A gourd is inside
   I had better examine.
   A goat is inside
   I had better examine.
   
   Questions
   1. Identify the type of oral song. (2 marks)
      • Initiation song/ circumcision song- Are you really circumcising or not? Son, it is painful but you can’t die.
   2. What aspects of this society are brought out in the poem? (3 marks)
      • They practise/value circumcision/ initiation into adulthood is by circumcision- Are you circumcising or not?
      • They are superstitious- Anoint me before I go in.
      • They are livestock keepers- A goat is inside.
      • Their leadership is by chieftaincy-You can be chosen chief after it is done.
      • They practise marriage-You will get a wife after it is done.
      • They value courage in an initiate- Stay firm like a stone.
   3. Who do you think is the singer of the song? Give a reason (2marks)
      • An elder/ The father of the initiate/ Male parental figure of the initiate/Parent- My son…
   4. Identify and explain any three aspects of style used in the song? (6marks)
      • Use of direct address- My son…, Mother Mailu…The Nzaiko of Akamba…- It creates immediacy in the message.
      • Use of Metaphor-You are my light- Shows the loving nature of the father to the son and his expectations.
      • I am fence- Brings out the protective nature of the father.
      • Use of simile-Stay firm like a stone-Shows the character trait of courage required of the son.
      • Alliteration…
      • Assonance….
      • Repetition….
      • Consonance….
        Must be illustrated.
   5. Give two purposes that this song can serve. (2marks)
      • The songs inform the participants of the history of the community/ preserving culture/ importance of initiation.
      • It diverts the initiates’ minds from the impending pain.
      • The songs teach the initiates important moral values.
      • The songs educate the participants of gender roles/ relationships.
      • The songs encourage the initiates to face the challenge/ rebuke cowardice.
   6. What is the mood created by the persona in the song? (3marks)
      • Relaxed – you will get a wife……
   7. Explain the meaning of the following expressions as used in the song. (2marks)
      1. Ecstatic
         • Extremely happy/ overwhelmingly happy/relaxed/overjoyed/elated/delighted/thrilled
      2. I am fence, I protect youth
         • I provide protection.
4. Grammar (15 marks)
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each.   (3 marks)
      1. I thought she was injured. I took her to the nearest dispensary. (Begin: Thinking…)
         Thinking she was injured, I took her to the nearest dispensary.
      2. He had never seen such a big number of people in town. (Begin: Never…)
         Never had he seen such a big number of people in town.
      3. He was much disorganized. He could not lead the class. (Join into one sentence beginning: So...)
         So disorganized was he that he could not lead the class.
   2. Choose the correct alternative to complete the following sentences. (2 marks)
      1. Mike and I (me, I) wrote the article.
      2. How can you be so sure it was they? (them, they)
   3. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct form of the words in bracket.   (3 marks)
      1. It is (desire) to win presidential elections- desirous/desiring.
      2. The officer in charge is (corrupt) because he does not take bribes- incorruptible.
      3. The letter had (lay) there uncollected for two days-lain
   4. Use the most appropriate preposition to fill in the gaps bellow. (2 marks)
      1. The way he talked to us showed that he was rude.
      2. My neighbours congratulated me on my new appointment.
   5. Rewrite the following sentences with the correct question tag. (2 marks)
      1. You’d rather play than work.
         You’d rather play than work, wouldn’t you?
      2. At this rate there will be money left to pay the children’s fee.
         At this rate there will be money left to pay the children’s fee, won’t there?
   6. Replace the underlined words in each of the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs. (3marks)
      1. The old man died quietly last night.
         Passed on/ passed away
      2. We felt completely disappointed by John’s performance.
         Let down
      3. Juma always visits during meals.
         Calls in