Instructions to candidates
- Answer THREE questions only.
- Question one and two are compulsory.
- In question Three, choose one question from the book you have prepared on.
- Each of your essays must not exceed 450 words.
- Write legibly and neatly.
QUESTIONS
- Imaginative composition (Compulsory) (20 marks)
Either- Write a composition beginning: I had not seen the object before. It was not there last night. I carefully…
OR - Write a composition, supporting or opposing this statement: “Both girls and boys have equal rights to their parents’ property.”
- Write a composition beginning: I had not seen the object before. It was not there last night. I carefully…
- COMPULSORY ESSAY. Novel: Blossoms of the Savannah. (20 marks)
“No amount of challenge can prevent one who has determination from getting what they want in life.” Referring closely to Resian in H.R. Ole Kulet’s novel Blossoms of the Savannah, write an essay in support of the statement. - OPTIONAL SET TEXTS
EITHER- Short story: A Silent Song and Other Stories by Godwin Siundu (20 marks)
“War causes a lot of harm and thus should be avoided at any cost.” Validate this statement basing your illustrations from Chimamanda Adichie's 'Ghosts'
Or - Play: Inheritance by David Mulwa (20 marks)
Write an essay to show how citizens suffer due to bad leadership. Base your arguments on David Mulwa’s Inheritance.
Or - Novel: An Artist of the Floating World by Kazuo Ishiguro. (20 marks)
‘An Artist of the floating world is a Novel about intergenerational conflicts’ Discuss.
- Short story: A Silent Song and Other Stories by Godwin Siundu (20 marks)
MARKING SCHEME
never tells his father directly that he loathes his values, he becomes ever more determined to become an MARKING SCHEME:
Paper 101/3 is intended to test the candidate’s ability to communicate in writing. Communication is established at different levels of intelligibility correctness, accuracy, fluency, pleasantness and originality. Within instructions on each question, it is the linguistic competence shown by the candidate that should carry most of the marks.
Examiners should not hesitate to use the full range of marks for each essay.
It is important to determine first how each essay communicates and in which category it belongs: A, B, C or D.
D CLASS The candidate either does not communicate at all.
(01 – 05): Minimal communication that the examiner practically has to guess what the candidate wants to say. The candidate fails to fit the English words he knows into meaningful punctuation. All kinds of errors (Broken English)
D 01- 02: Chaotic and Little meaning. Question paper or some words from it simply copied
D 03: Flow of thought almost impossible to follow. The errors are continuous
D 04 05: Although the English is often broken and the essay is full of errors of all types. We can at least guess what the candidate wants to say.
C CLASS: The candidate communicates understandably but only or less clearly.
(06 - 10): He is not confident with his language. The subject is often undeveloped.
There may be some digression. Unnecessary repetitions are frequent. The arrangement is weak and the flow is jerky. There is no economy of language mother tongue influence is felt.
C 06 -07: The candidate obviously finds it difficult to communicate his/her ideas
He/she is seriously hampered by his/her very limited knowledge of structure and vocabulary. This results in many gross errors of agreement spelling misuse of prepositions, tenses, verb agreement, and sentence construction
C08: The candidate communicates but not with consistent clarity. His/her linguistic abilities are very limited; he/she cannot avoid frequent errors in sentence structure. There is little variety or originality. Very bookish English links are weak, incorrect, and repeated at times.
C+ 09 -10: The candidate communicates clearly but in a flat and uncertain manner.
Simple concepts and sentence forma are often strained. There may be an overuse of clichés and unsuitable idioms. Proverbs are misquoted or misinterpreted. The flow is still jerky. There are some errors in agreement, tenses, and spelling.
B – CLASS This class is characterized by greater fluency and ease of expression.
(11 – 15): The Candidate demonstrates that he/she can use English as a normal way of expressing himself/herself. Sentences are varied and usually well-constructed. Some candidates become ambitious and even overambitious. There may be items of merit of the one word or one expression type. Many essays in this category may be just clean and assuming but they still show that the candidate is a case with the language. There may be a tendency to under mark such essays. Give credit for the tone
B – 11 -12: The candidate communicates fairly and with some fluency. There may be little variety in sentence structure. Gross errors are still found occasionally but this must not be over-punished by the examiners
B13: The sentences are varied but rather simple and straight forward. The candidate does not strain himself in an effort to impress. There is a fair range of vocabulary and idiom. Natural and effortless. Some items of merit ticks. Economy of language.
B – 14 -15: The candidate communicates his ideas pleasantly and without strain. There are errors and slips. Tenses, spelling and punctuation are quite good. A number of items of merit ticks for the “Whole sentence” or the “whole expression” type.
A CLASS: The candidate communicates not only fluently but attractively with originality and efficiency. He/she has the ability to make us share his deep feelings, emotions, enthusiasms. He/she expresses himself freely without any visible constraint. The script gives evidence of maturity, good planning and often humour. Many items of merit, indicating that the candidate has complete command of the language. There is no strain, just pleasantness clever arrangement felicity and expression
A 16 -17: The candidate shows competence and fluency in using the language. He may lack imagination or originality which usually provides the “Spark” in such essays. Vocabulary, idiom, sentence structure, links variety are impressive. Gross errors are very rare.
A18: Positive ability. A few errors that are felt to be slips. The story or argument has a definite impact. No grammar problem. Variety of structures: A definite spark. Many margin ticks.
A+ 19 -20: The candidate communicates not only information and meaning, but also and
especially the candidate’s whole self: his/her feelings, tastes, points of view, youth, culture. This ability to communicate deeply may express itself in a wide range of effective vocabulary original approach, vivid and sustained account in the case of a narrative, well developed and ordered argument in the case of a debate or discussion. Errors and slips should not deprive the candidate of the full range of marks he deserves. A definite spark.
Questions: 1(a)
Points of Interpretation:
- It must be a If not, deduct 4 marks.
- It must start with the rubric If not, deduct 2 marks.
- The candidate must come up with a credible story in which they must describe the object and how it mysteriously got there. (the object could be something exciting/something dangerous/something important).
Questions:1(b)
1.Must be a discursive essay. If not deduct 4 marks AD.
2.Candidates must clearly indicate whether they are supporting or opposing the proposition and proceed to adduce the points for their position.
3.The candidate must take the broader definition of property, not only land. Those who are aware of the provisions of the new constitution to be awarded for merit.
- If candidates discuss both sides, they must take a stand. Otherwise treat as minor irrelevancy and deduct 2 marks AD.
Essays Based On Set Texts
3(a) COMPULSORY NOVEL: Blossoms of the savannah by H.R Ole Kulet. (20MKS)
INTRODUCTION
Difficulties in life should not be barriers from achieving one’s dreams. Many successful people have had to fight obstacles placed in their paths to emerge victorious. This can be illustrated using the novel Blossoms of the savannah.
(Bi) Ole Kaelo does not support education of her daughter Resian:Resian is firm about her ambition of joining Egerton University to pursue veterinary medicine. She obstinately urges her sister Taiyo to talk to their father about their prospect of returning to Nakuru to enrol at the university. Although her father does not support this, she is relentless in her pursuit to achieve her dream. She resists being taken through the cultural teachings urging that she would either be taught what is universally beneficial to all mankind or taught nothing. Her determination bears fruits when she finally joins Egerton University
(Bii) The challenge of female genital mutilation: Resian is determined to defeat the cultural expectations and remain uncircumcised, a feat she manages to achieve. All along she swears that she would only be circumcised over her dead body. When Ole Kaelo relocates to Nasila from Nakuru, there is immense pressure on him to circumcise his girls to evade the derogatory title of father to intoiye nemengalana (uncircumcised girls). He is torn between the Nasila culture and his daughter’s liberty and needs. Some men like Ole Supeyo circumcised all their girls and married them off to prominent men in Nasila. He says that women have to be circumcised to control their wild nature. Ole Musanka, a dignified elder insists that girls must be circumcised. Other women like Enkamuratani, Enkasakatoni and Enkaitoyoni also vehemently support the cut. She risks her life by blindly trusting Olarinkoi with sheer need to escape the cut. She manages to escape from Nasila to Ntare-naaju albeit through difficult situations. Eventually, she escapes from FGM
(Biii) The challenge of forced marriage: Resian also manages to escape the suffocating chains of patriarchy when proposed to by Oloisudori; she manages to escape arranged marriage to an old man due to her steely steadfastness. Oloisudori hatches a heartless plan to have Resian kidnapped and even anesthetized if need be. He plans to forcefully have her circumcised and to marry her as a sixth wife. He manages to arm twist Ole Kaelo into accepting the deal by using gifts including 500,000 shillings and a mansion for Resian in Milimani- Nakuru. Resian is neither lured nor sucked in by Oloisudori’s pompous show of financial might. She calls him mad and says she can only marry him over her dead body. Even though Oloisudori, Ole Kaelo and Mama Milanoi conspire to have her married to Oloisudori, her sheer determination helps her avoid this.
(Biv) The scheme by Olarinkoi: Olarinkoi believes that their impending marriage is destined to happen as prophesied by her diviner mother. She prophesied that Olarinkoi would live with the Kaelos and later marry one of his daughters. He kidnaps heer and hides her in a hut in the sleepy village of Inkiito after deceiving her. He even tries to rape her. Resian’s courage and determination is seen when she fights bravely and bites him badly while defending herself. She endures harrowing life in Olarinkoi’s hut that is crawling with rats, lizards and snakes. She remembers the Biblical story of Job and how he triumphed because of perseverance. Eventually she manages to escape with the help of Nabaru the enkabaani. Inspired by her bravery and determination, Nabaru walks through the dangerous Inkiito terrain until she finds and convinces a lorry driver to make a detour in order to help Resian. Finally, she meets Minik ene Nkoitoi, who helps her to enroll at Egerton University.
CONCLUSION
Resian’s personal resolve and resilience make her succeed in the face of many obstacles that are placed in her path.
(Expect 4 well developed points. Mark – 3:3:3:3)
Mark 3:3:3:3
Introduction: 2 mks (Relevant introduction)
Body: 12 mks (4 well elaborated points)
Language: up to 4 mks (Language pegged on marks from the body)
Conclusion: up to 2 marks (Relevant conclusion)
2(a) Short Story: A Silent song and other stories by Godwin Siundu (20mks)
INTRODUCTION:
Whenever people engage in some form of conflict and fighting, there are grave implications that follow as is seen in Ghosts' where the civil war that happened from the events of July 6, 1967 causing untold suffering and pain to the people.
(Si) Displacement of people. Many people are forced to run away from their country and their homes when the civil war broke out. Prof. James and Ikenna's meeting take James down the memory lane where he recounts how they were forced to evacuate Nsukka in a hurry in July 6, 1967 when the war began. Through their conversation, we learn that Ikenna has lived in Sweden ever since the war began and has only come back to Nsukka recently. He discloses that he was flown out on Red Cross planes just like many other children had been airlifted to Gabon. Prof. James did not escape the displacement since he and his wife, Ebere had to move to America when the war broke out. Many people are seen to have been forced to leave their motherland as a result of the civil war.
(Sii) War leads to loss of lives. Several people had their lives cut short due to the civil war. The return of Ikenna comes as a surprise to Prof, James since Ikenna was thought to have died in the war. It is no wonder that Prof initially thought of throwing a handful of sand at him just like his people did to ensure that it was not a ghost. Actual loss of life is seen through Ikenna's family. While explaining to prof the reason why he never returned to Nsukka after the war, Ikenna tells him that his whole family was killed when Orlu was bombed during the war thus he had nobody to come back to. It is not just Ikenna who lost loved ones but Prof too. His first daughter Zik died in the war. He tells Ikenna that the war took Zik. It is no wonder they named their second daughter Nkiruka which means: what is ahead is better.
(Siii) Massive destruction and loss of property. When Prof James and his wife first returned to Nsukka when the war ended in 1970, they noticed major destructions that had occurred. Prof recounts how they found their house and items destroyed. His books were lying in front of the gate, his Mathematical Annals torn and used as tissue paper, the bath tab used as toilet and their photos ripped and their frames broken. The massive destruction of their house was too much that they had to be assigned a different house in a different street to avoid seeing their old house. In the process of their house being destroyed, they lose their Piano that belonged to Ebere. Prof also remembers the landscape as he drove back to Nsukka after the war. The massive destruction is recounted by Prof shows how destructive war is.
(Siv) Psychological suffering. Those who experienced and the memories of it. Prof James is seen to have lived with the memories of the war. He easily remembers every detail of the war as he recounts it to Ikenna. Ikenna has suffered psychologically as is seen from the fact that he lost all his family in Orlu hence the reason he does not return to Nsukka. His psychological suffering is further seen from the fact that he never remarries after the war took his wife. Further evidence of psychological pain is seen where Prof observes how his people avoided the topic of war and if they engaged in it, it was with some vagueness. The naming of their second daughter Nkiruka- what is ahead is better, also shows the pain that Prof and Ebere: were trying to avoid. The people also suffer physical pain. Prof.James remembers how a wounded soldier was shoved in their car on the day they returned to Nsukka.
CONCLUSION:
War causes loss of lives, displacement of people and destruction of properties among other effects. People should thus strive to live in harmony and avoid it at all costs.
NB: Consider any other relevant point.
Mark 3:3:3:3
Introduction: 2 mks (Any other relevant introduction)
Body: 12 mks (4 well elaborated points)
Language: up to 4 mks (Language pegged on marks from the body)
Conclusion: up to 2 marks (Any other relevant conclusion)
INHERITANCE by DAVID MULWA.
INTRODUCTION:
When a country is governed by incompetent leaders, citizens are exposed to miserable life. This is illustrated by the pain undergone by the various characters in the play Inheritance.
(Di) Judah Zen Melo loses his job and life because of disobeying Lacuna. When Lacuna ascends into power, he orders Judah to kill his bother Romanus Bengo whom he terms as a thorn in his political side. Judah refuses to do so even after Lacuna promises wellness to his family, causing him to lose his job as a right hand man of Lacuna. He also has to vacate the government house and his land is taken. He says he cannot betray his mother and brother by committing this act. Judah Zen Melo finds it hard to get employment since he is a marked man and nobody wants to associate with him. When he is approached by Lacuna’s men at the mines in order for him to give consent to Lulu and Kasoo’s marriage, he again refuses. This costs him his life in a well- orchestrated murder that is made to look like an accident. Judah loses his job and eventually his life as a result of going against Lacuna.
(Dii) Tamina Zen Melo, Judah Zen Melo’s wife, suffers a lot because of Lacuna’s leadership.
Her husband, Judah Zen Melo, is beaten up by Lacuna’s men and left to die at her doorstep. She loses her government house and cars when her husband is fired for disobeying Lacuna. Moreover, her farm is bought for peanuts by Chipande- Lacuna’s political advisor. Together with other Kutula women, they have to travel six hours to the mountains to fetch water since water from the rivers have been channeled to the dam in the mountains as part of Lacuna’s “development” plan. She struggles to raise school fees for Lulu and suffers when Lulu is detained by Lacuna in his palace. She is separated from her sons who have gone to look for jobs. She undergoes excruciating pain when her husband is killed at the mines by Lacuna. Tamina undergoes severe torture because of Lacuna’s ruthless leadership.
(Diii) Romanus Bengo, Judah’s brother, is unlawfully detained for being Lacuna’s political enemy. During the campaigns, Bengo stood to oppose Lacuna. He tells Tamina that he was headed for a landslide against Lacuna; something that threatened Lacuna’s leadership. This is proven when Lacuna orders Judah to kill Bengo to prove his loyalty. He says that Bengo is a thorn to him.
Kasoo then opts to jail Bengo in order to silence him and his fight for liberation. Consequently, Romanus Bengo is separated from his family and suffers seclusion in prison for antagonizing Lacuna’s regime.
(Div) Lulu Zen Melo Lulu is sent home for school fees as the school wants a perimeter wall, computer laboratory and money for examinations. She suffers under lacuna’s hands when he orders Lulu to be held in the palace against her wish. After King Kutula XV commemoration ceremony, Lacuna insists that Lulu must stay with him in his private chambers because he intends to have intimacy with lulu and marry her forcefully. Lulu refuses on moral ground stating that Lacuna has a wife and that he is old enough to be her father. She refuses to be lured by promises of wealth and riches to herself and her family. She is embittered by her father’s death who, unknowingly to her, was killed by Lacuna. Lacuna denies her a chance of paying her last respect to the deceased. Lacuna even slaps her when she becomes persistent about wanting to leave the palace. Lulu’s forced stay at the palace causes her and her family to suffer greatly.
.(Dv) Citizens are charged high taxes because of Lacuna’s corrupt nature, he stashes away money in foreign accounts and the people are charged high taxes in order to repay the loans that he enjoys with his loyalists including Chipande and Malipoa. He has an insatiable desire to get all the wealth in the world, at the expense of his people. He borrows from foreign countries, and misappropriates the money and even goes to store it in foreign accounts, opened in the same banks he had borrowed from, in the name of Kutula.
(Dvi) Lacuna orders for the evacuation of the people from Bukelenge valley so that the foreigners can occupy it and do farming. Women are also forced to travel for six hours to the mountains to fetch water since water from the rivers have been channeled to the dam in the mountains as part of Lacuna’s “development.”
CONCLUSION:
Bad leadership brings a lot of suffering to the citizens. They lack food and basic necessities like water, they lose their loved ones like Tamina and Lulu, ‘they also lose their property. This causes disillusionment among the people.
AN ARTIST OF THE FLOATING WORLD. By Kazuo Ishiguo
‘An artist of the floating world is a Novel about intergenerational conflicts’ Discuss.
INTRODUCTION
The writer of An artist of the Floating world depicts various intergenerational conflicts. These includes conflict between parents and children, conflict between teachers and students as well as conflict between potential elites and young men.
(Fi) Children vs parents: Ono dreams of becoming a painter, while his father despises an artist’s lifestyles. Ono becomes an artist after his father burns his paintings. Later on, Ono is at logger head with his own children. His daughter Noriko is often critical of her father. She refers to her father as an idler and very proud. In his interactions with his older daughter Setsuko, Ono feels a sense of hostility and mistrust that is concealed by her polite manners.
(Fii) Students vs teachers: Ono’s relationship with his teacher defines a conflict. While Ono treats his teachers with courtesy; never criticizing them out rightly, He still lands himself for boldly breaking with his teacher’s styles of painting. Consequently, Ono is unable to apply this perspective to his own student known as Keroda. This is when he breaks from his teaching.
(Fiii) Youth vs elders: another level of conflict is depicted by embittered youth against the elders who decide to continue with the war long after it was clear Japan would be defeated. The terrible destruction Japan suffered during the war is blamed on the older generation who helped the government, Military and centres of culture. By blaming the elder generation for losing the war, the younger generation experienced an unusually definitive ‘win’. The elders were forced to give way in most matters in the cultural battles.
(Fiv) Future generations vs the current one: The Novel suggests that a conflict will arise as soon as another generation is born; a generation that does not remember the war. That generation will build a challenge to the newly established order.
CONCLUSION
Intergenerational conflict is an issue that has been harnessed in the book An artist of the Floating World.
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