BIOLOGY Marking Scheme - Form 1 End of Term 1 2019 Examinations

Name two major branches of Biology. (2 marks)
- Botany; Zoology.
What is the name given to the following areas of study: (4 marks)
1. Study of classification
  - Taxonomy
2. Study of Micro-organisms
  - Microbiology
3. Study of living things and their surroundings
  - Ecology
4. Study of the functioning of the body
  - Physiology

Identify the following apparatus and state their functions.
1. pit fall trap- used for catching crawling animals
2. sweep net- used for catching flying insects

List down two precautions that should be observed during collection and observation of specimens. (2 marks)
- Collect only the number of specimens you need
- Do not harm the specimens.
- Do not destroy the natural habitat.
- Handle the dangerous and inhumes specimens with care

Give two reasons why Biology should be studied. (2 marks
- Understand the development stages of the human body.
- Pursue careers.
- Develop scientific skills e.g. observation.
- To solve environmental problem.

The figure below is a diagram of biological equipment.
1. Name the part labeled X. (1 mark)
  - Frame.
2. Give the use of the part X. (1 mark)
  - to support the lens
3. A student was provided with a specimen measuring 2 cm and drew an image measuring 5 cm. Give the formula used to calculate magnification and state the magnification of the image drawn. (2 marks)
  - magnification= ^{length of image}/_{length of specimen}= ⁵/₂= x2.5

Suggest a biological tool that is suitable for collecting each of the following organisms. (4 marks)
1. Scorpion.
  - a pair of forceps
2. Rat.
  - a bait trap
3. Butterfly.
  - sweep net
4. Safari ants on a tree trunk.
  - pooter

Which characteristic of living organisms is shown by each of the following:- (2 marks)
1. Cheetah chasing a gazelle.
  - locomotion
2. A germinating bean seed.
  - growth and devlopment

State the use of the following apparatus. (4 marks)
1. A pit fall trap.
  - Small craling organisms
2. A pair of forceps.
  - Hold specimen during observation
3. A hand lens.
  - to enlarge small specimen
4. A sweep net.

Name the first 5 TAXA into which living organisms are placed by biologists. (5 marks)
- Monera
- Protoctista.
- Fungi
- Plantae.
- Animalia.
What do you understand by Binomial Nomenclature? (2 marks)
- Giving each organism two names; A genetic and a specific name;

State the importance of classification in biology. (4 marks)
- To help in identifying living organisms into their correct groups for reference;
- Grouping bring together living organisms with similar characteristics but separate those with different features;
- To understand the evolutionary relationship between organisms
- To arrange information in an orderly manner;
When classifying living organisms’ biologist use external features. List down the external features that can be used to classify the following plants and animals into their respective group.
1. Seed producing plants. (2 marks)
  - Leaf appearance.
  - Types of flowers.
  - Numbers of petals.
  - Number of stamens
  - Absence or presence of flowers
  - Nature/ type of leaf apices
2. Birds. (2 marks)
  - Type of beaks.
  - Type of claws/Talons/Shape of talons.
  - Ability to fly/ size of wings.
  - Length of beak/ size of beak.
  - Colour of feathers/pluonage.
3. Fish. (2 marks)
  - Presence of scales
  - Size of fins.
  - Length of fish’s body.
  - Colour of the body
  - Shape of the mouth.
  - Shape of head.

Name the term used to describe the processes through which living organisms are classified. (1 mark)
- taxonomy

Name the parts of the plant cell labeled A to F. (6 marks)

A- Cellulose cell wall

B- Cell membrane

C- Nucleus

D- Tonoplast

E- Cell vacuole

F- Chloroplast

Name:-
1. Two organisms in the kingdom Monera. (2 marks)
  - Bacteria, Blue green algae.
2. Three examples in the kingdom fungi. (3 marks)
  - Mushroom, Yeast, Bread mould, toad stool.
3. Three examples in the kingdom animalia. (3 marks)
  - Any correctly spelt names of animals.

State the main characteristic of each of the following kingdoms. ( 5 marks)
1. Monera.
  - No nuclear membrane
2. Protoctista.
  - Single cell with nuclear membrane.
3. Fungi.
  - No chlorophyll, multicellular.
4. Animalia.
  - Not multicellular and do not make their own food.
5. Plantae.
  - Multicellular and make their own food through photosynthesis.

What do you understand by the term species? (5 marks)
- A group of organisms that resembles one another; and can mate naturally; to produce a fertile offspring/young one.