Biology Questions and Answers - Form 1 End Term 1 2021

BIOLOGY
FORM 1
END TERM EXAM
TERM 1 2021

INSTRUCTIONS

• Answer all the questions

1. Name the branch of Biology involved in each of the following. (3mks)
   1. Study of inheritance and variations.
   2. Study of cells
   3. Study of parasites
2. Describe what each of the following branches of Biology involves. (3mks)
   1. Ecology –
   2. Entomology –
   3. Microbiology -
3. List four professional occupations in which the study of biology is important. (4mks)
4. Differentiate between growth and development. (2mks)
5. Give four reasons why animals move from one place to another. (4mks)
6. Complete the table below appropriately. (6mks)
   

   Branch of biology	Name of scientist who specializes in it.	Name of study
   Zoology
   	Ecologist
   		Study of fungi

7. How does nutrition as a characteristic of living organism differ in plants and animals? (2mks)
8. State the importance of each of the following in living organisms. (2mks)
   1. Nutrition –
   2. Excretion –
9. A car produces energy, moves about and produces waste products yet it is regarded as a non-living thing. Explain this observation. (4mks)
10. Make a well labeled diagram of a magnifying lens. (4mks)
11.    
    1. Explain the meaning of the term Binomial nomenclature. (1mk)
    2. State the three rules used in Binomial nomenclature. (3mks)
12. Name the taxonomic units of classification in ascending order.(7mks)
13. The scientific name Lantana camara refers to a green herbaceous plant. Other related plants include; Lantana trifoliate and Vitex rifoliate .
    1. From the list, identify the plants belonging to the same genus. (2mks)
    2. From the name Lantana Camara, which name represents:-
       1. Genus name (1mk)
       2. Species name. (1mk)
14. State three importance of classification of living organisms. (3mks)
15.    
    1. Explain why it is important to use scientific names of organisms in biology other than common names. (1mk)
    2. VITEX is a genus of a tree found on Mt. Kenya. The specific name has been latinised to KENESIS. Write down the scientific name of the tree. (2mks)
16. State the name and function of each of the following apparatus as used in specimen collection
    1.    
       
       Name____ (1mk)
       Function: (1mk)
    2. 
          
       Name: ………………………………………. (1mk)
       Function: (1mk)
17. State any three precautions when collecting specimens for a biological study. (3mks)
18. A leaf drawn using a hand lens measured 10cm long. The actual length of the leaf was 5cm. Work out the magnification of the drawing.(2mks)
19. Kingdom is the largest taxonomic unit of classification with the highest members. List down the 5 kingdoms as used in classification. (5mks)
20. Define the term species. (1mk) 

MARKING SCHEME

1. Name the branch of Biology involved in each of the following. (3mks)
   1. Study of inheritance and variations. - Genetics
   2. Study of cells - Cytology
   3. Study of parasites - Parasitology
2. Describe what each of the following branches of Biology involves. (3mks)
   1. Ecology – Study of living organisms and their interaction with the environment.
   2. Entomology – Study of insects.
   3. Microbiology - Study of micro-organisms.
3. List four professional occupations in which the study of biology is important. (4mks)
   • Medicine
   • Agriculture
   • Nursing
   • Public health
   • Nutrition
   • Biotechnology
   • Horticulture
   • Pathology
   • Dentistry
     
4. Differentiate between growth and development. (2mks)
   • Growth is a permanent increase in size and weight of an organism while development is the irreversible change in complexity of structures of a living organism.
5. Give four reasons why animals move from one place to another. (4mks)
   • To search for food and water.
   • To escape from their natural enemies.
   • To escape from adverse environmental conditions.
   • To search for mating partners.
6. Complete the table below appropriately. (6mks)
   

   Branch of biology	Name of scientist who specializes in it.	Name of study
   Zoology	Zoologist	Study of animals
   Ecology	Ecologist	Study of living organisms in relation to the environment
   Mycology	Mycologist	Study of fungi

7. How does nutrition as a characteristic of living organism differ in plants and animals? (2mks)
   
   • Plants make their own food from carbon IV oxide and water i.e. autotrophism while animals depend on completely readymade food from plants and other animals i.e. heterotrophism.}
     
8. State the importance of each of the following in living organisms. (2mks)
   1. Nutrition – provides living organisms with food nutrients for various life processes.
   2. Excretion – separates and removes waste products of metabolism to avoid poisoning if left to accumulate.
      
9. A car produces energy, moves about and produces waste products yet it is regarded as a non-living thing. Explain this observation. (4mks)
   • It does not grow and develop
   • It does not respire
   • It does not reproduce.
   • It does not respond to stimuli.
     
10. Make a well labeled diagram of a magnifying lens. (4mks)
    
11.    
    1. Explain the meaning of the term Binomial nomenclature. (1mk)
       • The system of naming organisms using two scientific names.
    2. State the three rules used in Binomial nomenclature. (3mks)
       • Should have two names; the first name is the generic name and the second is the specific name.
       • The generic name should always start with a capital letter while the specific name should be in a small letters.
       • Both names should be underlined separately or italicized if printed.
12. Name the taxonomic units of classification in ascending order.(7mks)
    • Species
    • Genus
    • Family
    • Order
    • Class
    • Phylum/Division
    • Kingdom 7 x 1mk)
      
      
13. The scientific name Lantana camara refers to a green herbaceous plant. Other related plants include; Lantana trifoliate and Vitex rifoliate .
    1. From the list, identify the plants belonging to the same genus. (2mks)
       • Lantana camara and Lantana trifoliate
         (award zero mark if only one is mentioned.)
    2. From the name Lantana Camara, which name represents:-
       1. Genus name (1mk)- Lantana
       2. Species name. (1mk) - Camara.
14. State three importance of classification of living organisms. (3mks)
    • It makes it possible to study and identify organisms.
    • It establishes relationships between organisms by comparing their similarities and difference.
    • Prevents chaos and confusion during biological study.
    • Brings together organisms with similar characteristics and separates those with different ones.
      
      
15.    
    1. Explain why it is important to use scientific names of organisms in biology other than common names. (1mk)
       • Scientific names are conventional; they can be used by all scientists all over the world
         
    2. VITEX is a genus of a tree found on Mt. Kenya. The specific name has been latinised to KENESIS. Write down the scientific name of the tree. (2mks)
       • Vitex keniesis ( for printed)
       • Vitex keniesis ( for handwritten)(call the rules MUST apply)
         
16. State the name and function of each of the following apparatus as used in specimen collection
    1.    
       
       Name - sweep net (1mk)
       Function:- For catching small stinging animals like centipedes.(1mk)
    2. 
          
       Name:- A pair of forceps (1mk)
       Function:- For catching small stinging animals like centipedes.(1mk)
17. State any three precautions when collecting specimens for a biological study. (3mks)
    • Collect only the number of organisms required for the study.
    • Do not destroy the natural habitat of the organisms.
    • Do not harm the organisms being collected.
    • For very mobile animals, ask your teacher to assist in immobilizing them.
    • Be extra careful when collecting and handling poisonous specimens.
18. A leaf drawn using a hand lens measured 10cm long. The actual length of the leaf was 5cm. Work out the magnification of the drawing.(2mks)
    • Total magnification=(Drawing length)/(Actual length ) 10cm/5cm= x2
19. Kingdom is the largest taxonomic unit of classification with the highest members. List down the 5 kingdoms as used in classification. (5mks)
    • Kingdom Monera
    • Kingdom Protoctista
    • Kingdom Fungi
    • Kingdom Plantae
    • Kingdom Animalia.
20. Define the term species. (1mk) 
    • This is the smallest taxonomic unit whose member can naturally interbreed to give rise to fertile/viable offsprings.