Agriculture Questions and Answers - Form 1 End Term 3 2022 Exams

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INSTRUCTION

Answer all questions in the space provided.

Name two areas of study that makes agriculture to be regarded as a science (2mks)
State four human factors that influence agriculture (4mks)
State three forms in which horticulture is practiced in Kenya (3mks)
List down three biotic factors that influence agriculture negatively (3mks)
Name four aspects of rainfall that affects the level of crop growth and production (4mks)
Name four factors that influence soil formation (4mks)
State four constituents of soil (4mks)
The following diagram shows various samples of soil aggregates
1. Identify the type of soils structures (4mks)
2. Name two places where soils structure S can be found (2mks)
1. Identify the soils in each of the following funnels labeled (3mks)
2. Which of the types of soil can be said to have the highest porosity rate? (1mark)
1. Identify the tools J,K,M and N (4 marks)
2. Give one use of each of the tools name in (a) above (4marks)
State four reasons for land preparation (2marks)
Name four types of water pumps (4marks)
1. Name two sources of water on the farm (1mark)
2. Name three types of water pipes (3marks )
1. State three reasons of treating water (3marks )
2. State four uses of water in the farm (2 marks)
Study the following photograph and use them to answer the question that follows.
1. Identify the type of irrigation shown in the photograph (1 mark )
2. State any two advantages of the above method of irrigation (2 marks )
3. Other than the one shown above identify any other two methods that a farmer can use to irrigate his crops
  (2 marks)
Outline four features and characteristics of a fertile soil (4 marks )
Give four characteristics of crops used for green manure preparation (2marks )
State four importance of livestock in Kenya (2 marks )

Carefully study the table below and fill in the missing words. (3mks)

Description	Cattle	Pigs	Poultry
Young from birth /hatching to warning			Chick
Young female before first parturition /laying		Gilt
Mature male for breeding	Bull

What is nitrogen cycle? (1mk)
State two types of sampling methods. (2mks)
State four reasons for applying phosphatic fertilizes. (2mks)
A farmer was advised to apply 150kg CAN/ha while top dressing the maize crop, CAN contains 21%N
Calculate the amount of nitrogen applied /ha. (2mks)

MARKING SCHEME

Name two areas of study that makes agriculture to be regarded as a science (2mks)
- Crop pathology
- Entomology
- Soil science
- Genetics
- Ecology
State four human factors that influence agriculture (4mks)
- Level of education and technology
- Health (HIV/AIDs)
- Economy
- Government policy
- Transport and communication
- cultural and religious beliefs
- Market forces
State three forms in which horticulture is practiced in Kenya (3mks)
- Olericulture
- Pomoculture
- Floriculture
List down three biotic factors that influence agriculture negatively (3mks)
- Predators
- Pest
- Pathogens
Name four aspects of rainfall that affects the level of crop growth and production (4mks)
- Rainfall reliabilty
- Amount of rainfall
- Rainfall distribution
- Rainfall intensity
Name four factors that influence soil formation (4mks)
- Parent rock material
- Climate
- Topography
- Biotic/organic influence
- Time
State four constituents of soil (4mks)
- Mineral matter
- Organic matter
- Air
- water
- Living organisms
The following diagram shows various samples of soil aggregates
1. Identify the type of soils structures (4mks)
  - P - Granular
  - Q - Blocky
  - R - Prismatic
  - S - Platy
2. Name two places where soils structure S can be found (2mks)
  - Forest soils
  - Clay pan soils
1. Identify the soils in each of the following funnels labeled (3mks)
  - X - Sand soil
  - Y - Loam Soil
  - Z - Clay soil
2. Which of the types of soil can be said to have the highest porosity rate? (1mark)
  - Z - clay soil
1. Identify the tools J,K,M and N (4 marks)
  - J- Sickle
  - K - Garden fork
  - M - Sprinkler
  - N - Shovel
2. Give one use of each of the tools name in (a) above (4marks)
  - J - used for harvesting, or reaping, grain crops or cutting succulent forage chiefly
  - K - Digging and collecting manure/trash;
  - M - Overhead irrigation
  - N - Scooping and carrying of soil, sand, concrete mixture and manure.
State four reasons for land preparation (2marks)
- To remove weeds
- To bury organic matter for easy decomposition
- To facilitate water infiltration and aeration
- To destroy soil-borne pests by exposing them to predators and sun.
- T0 make planting easy.
Name four types of water pumps (4marks)
- Centrifugal/Rotardynamic pumps
- Piston/ Reciprocating pump
- Semi-rotary pump
- Hydram
1. Name two sources of water on the farm (1mark)
  - Ground
  - Surface
  - Rain water
2. Name three types of water pipes (3marks )
  - Metal pipes.
  - Plastic pipes.
  - Hose pipes.
1. State three reasons of treating water (3marks )
  - To kill disease-causing micro-organisms
  - To remove chemixcal impurities
  - To remove smells and bad taste.
  - To remove sedimants of solid particles.
2. State four uses of water in the farm (2 marks)
  - For domestic purposes
  - For watering livestock, washing animals
  - For diluting chemicals
  - During the processing of farm produce
  - In construction of buildings
  - For irrigating
Study the following photograph and use them to answer the question that follows.
1. Identify the type of irrigation shown in the photograph (1 mark )
  - Overhead/Sprinkler Irrigation System
2. State any two advantages of the above method of irrigation (2 marks )
  - Water is evenly distributed
  - Less water wastage
  - Can be practiced in sloppy grounds
  - Foliar fertilizer can be applied
  - Easily moved
3. Other than the one shown above identify any other two methods that a farmer can use to irrigate his crops (2 marks)
  - Drip Irrigation
  - Surface Irrigation.
Outline four features and characteristics of a fertile soil (4 marks )
- Good depth
- Proper drainage
- Good water holding capacity
- Adequate nutrient supply
- Correct soil PH
- Free from excessive infestation of soil borne pests and diseases.
Give four characteristics of crops used for green manure preparation (2marks )
- Should be highly vegetative/leafy
- They shpuld have a fast growth rate
- Should have hogh nitrogen content/ leguminous
- Should be capable of rotting quickly
- Should be hardy.
State four importance of livestock in Kenya (2 marks )
- source of food-animal products like meat and milk, are used as food
- source of energy-Animal dung is used to generate biogas used for domestic activities e.g lighting and cooking
- source of income-when products of animals are sold or livestock themselves, they create income
- provision of raw materials —products like skin/hide can be used in leather industries
- provision of farm power- animal like oxen can be used to provide power in the farm
- provision of organic manure
- cultural uses such as payment of dowry or slaughtered during ceremonies

Carefully study the table below and fill in the missing words. (3mks)

Description	Cattle	Pigs	Poultry
Young from birth /hatching to warning	Calf	Piglet	Chick
Young female before first parturition /laying	Heifer	Gilt	Pullet
Mature male for breeding	Bull	Boar	Cock

What is nitrogen cycle? (1mk)
- It is a series of changes which nitrogen undergoes between the atmosphere, water, soil and living organisms.
State two types of sampling methods. (2mks)
- Traverse method
- Zigzag method
State four reasons for applying phosphatic fertilizes. (2mks)
- Root development
- Essential for flowering, fruits and seed formation.
- Play an important role in metabollic processes
- It is part nucleo-proteins which are required during cell division
- Strengthens plant stems, thus preventinig lodging.
A farmer was advised to apply 150kg CAN/ha while top dressing the maize crop, CAN contains 21%N
Calculate the amount of nitrogen applied /ha. (2mks)
21kgN is contained in 100kg CAN
150kg CAN supplies
100kg CAN = 21kg N
150kg CAN = 21kgN × 150kgCAN
100kg CAN
= 31.5kgN/ha