Agriculture Questions and Answers - Form 2 Mid Term 2 Exams 2021

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Answer ALL the questions

1. Name four examples of micro nutrient used in an agricultural farm (2 mks)
2. Outline four properties of nitrogenous fertilizer (2 mks)
3. Give two functions of nitrogen in crops of nitrogen in crops (1 mk)
1. State two main types of planting materials used in establishing of crops (2 mks)
2. Give four factors determining the spacing of crops (2 mks)
3. Give four conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced (2 mks)
Name four factors determining seed rate (2 mks)
Give four factors determining soil forming processes (2 mks)
1. Give four importance of maintaining farm tools and equipment (2 mks)
2. Give two ways of achieving tertiary operations (1 mk)
Using definitions only differentiate between fertilizer grade and fertilizer ratio (2 mks)
1. Give four climatic factors influencing agriculture (2 mks)
2. Name two main farming systems (1 mk)
State four factors considered when choosing a type of irrigation (2 mks)
Give four importance of soil pH to crop production (2 mks)
Edna a farmer in Kama Village happens to buy a certified seed of 95% germination percentage and planted at a spacing of 20CM by 10CM in a 2 hectares piece of land. Estimate the plant population (3 mks)
1. What is scarcity (1 mk)
2. List four types farm records that can be used in bean production (2 mks)
3. Outline four uses of farm records in the farm (2 mks)
List four soil constituents of soil (2 mks)
Identify four tools used in masonry work (2 mks)
1. State two causes of hard pan (2 mks)
2. Give four characteristics of plantation farming (2 mks)
3. Name four methods of irrigating land (2 mks)
1. Define a fertile soil (1 mk)
2. Give two types organic manure (1 mk)
A compound fertilizer bag has the labels 20-10-0.
1. What do the figures 10 and 0 stand for (1 mk)
2. Calculate the quantity of nitrogen required in 450 kg of Ammonium Sulphate (2 mks)
The diagram below illustrates a planting material. Study it carefully and answer the question that follow;
1. Identify the organ (1 mk)
2. Label the parts X and Y (2 mks)
3. Name the method that was used in preparing the above planting material (1 mk)
4. Give one environmental condition that is necessary for the success of this method of preparing a planting material (1 mk)
State two ways in which agriculture contributes to industrial development (2 mks)
State four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops (2 mks)
The diagram below illustrates some types of soil structure. Study and answer the questions that follow;
1. Identify the types of soil structure illustrated in the diagrams and K (2 mks)
2. Name the parts labeled (i) and (ii) in the diagram K (2 mks)
3. State two effects of soil structured labeled J in crop production (2 mks)
1. State four importance of sub soiling as tertiary operation (2 mks)
2. Outline four advantages of rolling in seedbed preparation (2 mks)
3. Give four importance of drainage as a method of land reclamation (2 mks)
The diagram shows a method of crops;
1. Identify the propagation method illustrated above (1 mk)
2. State two ways of initiating faster root development in propagation method illustrated (2 mks)
Give four methods of harvesting water in the farm (2 mks)
1. State two factors considered when siting compost manure heap (2 mks)
2. State two methods of increasing soil pH (2 mks)
Below is a diagram of a domestic tank. Study it and answer the questions that follow;
1. Name the parts labeled 1, 2 and 3 (3 mks)
2. Outline four qualities of clean water (2 mks)
1. Outline two importance of tissue culture in crop production (2 mks)
2. State the difference between a seedling bed and a seedbed (2 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. - Molybdenum
  - Zinc
  - Boron
    4X = 2mks
2. - Highly soluble in soil water
  - Easily leached
  - Have short residual effect
  - Have scorching / burning effect
  - Highly volatile Are hygroscopic Highly corrosive
    4X½ =2mks
3. - Protein formation
  - Forms part of the chlorophyll •
  - Regulates availability phosphorus and potassium in plants •
  - Increases the size of grains and there protein content in cereals
    2x½ = 1mks
1. - Vegetative materials
  - Seeds
    2X1= 2mks
2. - Type of machinery to be used Soil fertility
  - The size of the plant
  - Moisture availability
  - Use of the crop
  - Pest and disease control
  - Growth habit of the crop
    4X½ = 2mks
3. - Land is abundant
  - Population is sparse
  - Number of livestock per unit area is low
  - Land is communally owned
    4X½ = 2mks
- Soil purity
- Germination percentage
- Spacing
- Number of seeds per hole
- The purpose of the crop
  4 X ½ = 2mks
- Parent rock material
- Climate
- Topography
- Time
- Biotic factors
  4X½ = 2mks
1. - To increase durability
  - To reduce replacement cost
  - Increase efficiency
  - To avoid injury to the user
  - Avoid damage to the tool
    4X½ = 2mks
2. - Hand digging
  - Mechanical cultivation
  - Use of an ox-plough
    2x½ = 1mk
Fertilizer grade indicates a gurantee of minimum content as percentage of N:P20s:K20 while Fertilizer ratio is the relative percentage expressed as a ratio of the N:P:K. 2X1=2mks
1. - Rainfall
  - Temperature
  - Wind
  - Relative humidity
  - Light
    4X½ = 2mks
2. - Intensive
  - Extensive
    2X½= 2mk
- Topography
- Type of crop to be irrigated
- Type of soil
- Capital availability
- Water availability
  4X½=2mks
- Determines the presence or absence of nutrients
- Determine the type and the role of microorganisms in the soil
- Determine the presence or absence of types of pest in the soil
- Determines the presence or absence of types of diseases in the soil
- Determines the type of crop to grow
  4X½=2mks
Plant population = Land area
Spacing area
If 1 Hectare = 10000 M²
What about 2 Heactare = 2 X 10000
1 =20000M²If 100 CM = 1M
What about 20 CM = 20 CM X 1M
100CM
= 0.2M
What about 10 CM = 20 CM X 1M
= 0.1M
Plant population = 20000
0.2 X 0.1
= 1000000
95% germination percentage thus = ⁹⁵/₁₀₀ X 1000000
= 950000 plant population
1. Limited supply of available resources for production
  1 X 1 = 1mk
2. - Production
  - Inventory
  - Field operation records
  - Marketing
  - Labour
    4X½ = 2mks
3. - Help to determine the value of the farm/ determine assets and liabilities.
  - Provide history of the farm.
  - Assist in planning and budgeting in various fields.
  - Helps to detect losses or theft in the farm.
  - Assists when sharing losses or profits (dividends)for communal owned farms/ partnership.
  - Help to settle disputes in the farm among heirs.
  - Help to support insurance claim e.g. against fire and theft.
  - Provide labour information like terminal benefits, NSSF due, Sacco dues for all employees.
  - Help to compare the performance of different enterprises within a farm or other farms.
  - Help in the assessment of income tax to avoid over or under taxation
  - Records, helps to show whether the farm business is making profit or losses.
  - This information helps in obtaining credit.
  - 4 X ½ = 2mks
- Soil water
- Soil air
- Soil living organisms
- Soil mineral matter
- Soil organic matter
  4 X ½ = 2mks
- Mason's trowel
- Wood float
- Steel foat
- Spirit level
- Plumb bob
- Mason's square
- Spade
- Wheelbarrow
- Mason's hammer
  4X½ = 2mks
1. - Ploughing at the same depth
  - Using heavy machineries on a wet ground
    2 x 1 = 2mks
2. - Production of one crop
  - Large tract of land
  - High capital
  - High labour
  - High yield
  - Mechanization
    4X½ = 2mks
3. - surface
  - Sub-surface
  - Drip / trickle
  - Sprinkler / Overhead
    4X½ = 2mks
1. A fertile soil is soil with all the nutrients in there right proportions to support plant growth
  1 X 1 = 2mks
2. - Green manure
  - Farmyard manure
  - Compost manure
    2x½ = 1 mk
1. 10 - Phophoruspentoxide or P₂0₅
  0-potassium oxide or K₂0
  2x½ = 1 mk
2. 100 kg of Ammonium Sulphate = 20 kg N
  What about 450kg of Ammonium Sulphate = 450 kg X 20Kg N
  100 kg
  = 90 kg N
1. Irish potato 1x1 = 1mk
2. X-Eye
  Y- Bud
  2x1 = 2mks
3. Chitting 1 X 1 = 1mk
4. - Diffused light
  - Partially darkened room
    1 X 1 = 1 mk
- Provides raw materials to industries
- Market for agro-based industries
  2 X 1= 2mks
- Causes physical damage to crops.
- Cause rapid spread of diseases/ pests/weeds.
- Can cause water stress as a result of evaporation.
- Causes stress of crops due to chilling caused cold winds.
- Encourage transpiration hence water and mineral uptake
  4X½ = 2mks
1. J-Platy
  K-Granular
  2 X 1 = 2mks
2. 1. Air space
  2. Humus with clay
    2X 1 = 2mks
3. - Impede drainage
  - Impede root penetration
    2X 1 = 2mks
1. - Brings leached nutrients to the surface
  - Breaks hard pans
  - Promotes aeration of the soil
  - Promotes water infiltration
  - Ensures better root penetration
    4X½ =2mks
2. - Press the seeds against the soil moisture
  - Controls soil erosion
  - Ensure uniform germination
  - Controls removal of small seeds by wind
  - Breaks large soil cods
    4X½= 2mks
3. - Improves soil aeration
  - Raises soil temperature
  - Increases activities of micro-organisms
  - Increases soil volume
  - Prevent accumulation of poisonous substances in the soil
    4X½= 2mks
1. Marcotting 1 X 1 = 1mk
2. - Remove bark and cambial layer
  - Rooting medium applied
  - Wrap with a polythene sheet
    2 X 1 = 2mks
- Dam
- Weir
- Roof catchment
- Rock catchment
- Retention ditches
- Ponds/ water pans
- Wells
- Micro-catchment
  4 X½= 2mks
1. - Well drained place
  - Direction of prevailed wind
  - Size of the farm
  - Accessibility
    2X 1 = 2mks
2. - Applying basic fertilizer
  - Addition of lime
    2 X 1 = 2mks
1. 1- Gutter
  2- Overflow
  3-Drainage pipe
  3 X 1 = 3mks
2. - Free from disease causing organism
  - Free from chemical impurities
  - Free from smell and bad taste
  - Free from sediments
  - 4X½ = 2mks
1. - Used to establish pathogen-free plants
  - Used in mass production of propagules
  - Is fast and requires less space
    2X 1 = 2 mks
2. Seedbed is land prepared ready to receive seedling while seedling bed is a special type of nursery bed prepared to raise seedlings received from an overcrowded nursery bed
  2X1 = 2mks