English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 4 End Term 1 Exams 2022

Questions

1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. (20mks)
   
   The world has a weight problem. Within the past decade, obesity rates have shot up by 50 percent, rising from 200 million people in 1995 to 300 million in 2003.Even places more familiar with famine than fat are starting to worry about their waistlines. Africa now has weight loss clinics. In a recent survey in India-home to half the worlds undernourished population-55 percent of women between 20 and 69 were found to be found to be overweight .Twenty percent of Chinese adults are overweight. Brazil’s childhood-obesity rate has jumped to 239 percent in a generation- four times the growth rate for youth in the United States. In March 2003,the International Obesity task force revealed that 1.7 billion of the planets 6 billion people were overweight or obese. How did we all get so fat? The problem stems from the collision of a number of modern trends; rising affluence and urbanization; the proliferation of conveniences like cars, computers, fast food and television; and the 21st century work culture, with its desk jobs and long hours. In rich countries, the familiar mantra of low-fat diet and exercise is routinely ignored. In the developing world, where health education is frequently non-existent, people are particularly vulnerable to the glamour of American burgers and the comforts of the couch. Rural migrants to cities are suddenly confronted with market-stall snacks and McDonald’s. In newly industrialized countries packaged foods and fast food chains are promoted as an index of affluence.
   
   The consumption of foods high in fat, sugar and salt-combined with increasingly sedentary lifestyles- is worrying health experts. And it is killing us. Diet-linked diseases-chiefly heart disease, cancer, diabetes and hypertension, now account for more than half of all deaths in Arab countries. In Barbados, more than 60 percent of hospital and drug-service budgets go toward coping with obesity-related illnesses. In Chinese hospitals, the number of patients suffering from weight-related diseases has increased by 30 percent. The problem is so persuasive that the World health Organization has declared obesity a global epidemic.
   
   In many places ,obesity and related illnesses such as diabetes are growing fastest among children and teenagers. These may be because those groups are more vulnerable to the excesses of their new found liberation. teenagers from rich homes have cars and can go to restaurants with their friends, and consume high-fat fast food. Nutritionists also blame food marketing and the proliferation of supermarkets for the rise in childhood obesity. Ultimately, diabetes is incurable. Although changes in lifestyles and diet can help stem the progression of the disease, it never disappears. Most patients are on insulin a decade after diagnosis. The best long-term hope for reversing the trend is for society to get its weight problems under control.
   
   
   1. What is this passage about? (1mark)
   2. What is achieved by the use of figures in paragraph one? (2marks)
   3. From the information given in paragraph two, how can society get the weight problem under control? (3marks)
   4. According to the passage, what are the indications of the increasing danger of obesity? (3marks)
   5. In about 50 words summarize what the passage says about obesity in children and teenagers. (6marks)
      1. Rough copy
      2. Fair copy
   6. In what way is the modern lifestyle a curse rather than a blessing? (3 marks)
   7. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (2 marks)
      1. Affluence
      2. Sedentary
         
         
2. QUESTION TWO: SEEN TEXT COMPREHENSION(25MARKS)
   Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.
   
   Helmer: Yes, but you must. Tell me something reasonable that you would particularly like to have.
   Nora: No, I really can’t think of anything-unless, Torvald-
   Helmer :Well?
   Nora: (playing with his coat buttons, and without raising her eyes to his)If you really want to give something, you might-you might-
   Helmer: Well, out with it!
   Nora: (speaking quickly)You might give me money, Torvald. Only just as much as you can afford; and then one of these days I will buy something with it.
   Helmer :But, Nora-
   Nora: Oh, do! dear Torvald ; please ,please do! Then I will wrap it up in beautiful gilt paper and hang it on the Christmas tree. Wouldn’t that be fun?
   Helmer :What are little people called that are always wasting money.
   Nora :Spendthrifts- I know. Let us do as you suggest, Torvald, and then I shall have time to think what I am most in want of. That is a very sensible plan, isn’t it?
   Helmer: (smiling)Indeed it is-that is to say, if you were really to save out of the money I give you, and then really buy something for yourself. But if you spend it all on the housekeeping and then really buy something for yourself. But if you spend it all on the housekeeping and any number of unnecessary things, then I merely have to pay up again.
   Nora :Oh but, Torvald-
   Helmer: You cant deny it, my dear little Nora.(puts his arm round her waist).its a sweet little spendthrift, but she uses up a deal of money. One would hardly believe how expensive such little persons are!
   Nora: it’s a shame to say that. I do really save all I can.
   Helmer: (laughing) that’s very true,- all you can. But you can’t save anything!
   Nora:(smiling quietly and happily)You haven’t any idea how many expenses we skylarks and squirrels have, Torvald.
   Helmer: You are an odd little soul. Very like your father. You always find some new way of wheedling money out of me, and, as soon as you have got it, it seems to melt in your hands. You never know where it has gone. Still, one must take you as you are. It is in the blood; for indeed it is true that you inherit these things, Nora.
   Nora: Ah, I wish I had inherited many of papa’s qualities.
   Helmer: And I would not wish you to be anything but just what you are, my sweet little skylark. but, do you know, it strikes me that you are looking rather-what shall I say-rather uneasy today.
   Nora: Do I?
   Helmer: You do, really. Look straight at me.
   Nora: (looks at him)well?
   
   
   1. Explain what happens just before this excerpt. (4marks)
   2. In the light of what happens later in the play, why do you think Nora is hesitant to say what she would like? (4 marks)
   3. What shows that Nora’s first answer: “Oh, I am sure I don’t want anything”: was not honest? (3 marks)
   4. Describe Helmer’s attitude towards Norah. (3 marks)
   5. Identify the use of imagery in the excerpt. (3 marks)
   6. What is the full import of Nora’s statement: ‘You haven’t any idea how many expenses we skylarks and squirrels have?’ (3 marks)
   7. “You are an odd little fool.”(Add a question tag). (1 mark)
   8. What is Helmer’s attitude towards Nora’s father. (2 marks)
   9. Helmer says that Nora looks uneasy. Is this an accurate observation? Explain.(2 marks)
      
      
3. Read the following narrative and answer the questions that follow.(20 marks)
   
   A man had two daughters from two different wives. One of his daughters was motherless, her mother died when she was still a baby. The mother of the other daughter did not like the motherless girl. She did not like her because her daughter loved the step sister more than she loved her. The woman therefore thought out some ways of eliminating her.
   
   One day the woman made an arrangement with a hyena. The hyena was to go and wait for the two girls somewhere in the bush. To the motherless girl she would tie a band like a bangle on the left arm and to her daughter she would tie one on the right arm. After the hyena had gone to wit, she called the two girls, tied the bands accordingly and sent both of them to go and visit one of their aunts. She directed them to follow the path where she asked the hyena to wait for them. On the way the woman’s daughter suggested that they should exchange the bangles.
   
   ‘‘Why should my mother tie your bangle on the left arm, when everybody else wears theirs on the right arm?’’ he complained and took her bangle and put it on her step sisters right arm and took the one she was wearing and put it on her left arm. They went on with their journey. They had gone half-way through the journey when the hyena came and caught the woman’s own daughter and ate her up. The motherless child was terrified and grew hysterical. She cried endlessly. Her grief was so great that she refused to go away from the scene of her sisters tragic death. She wished to die too; to be eaten up by the hyena which had eaten her dear friend and sister. She cried, wailed, wept and grieved for her dear sister, so much that if sorrow expresses by the living would bring back the dead, Awino’s sister Nyawino would have returned to life. After the kill, the hyena had gone away but Awino would not leave, She stayed on the spot wailing.
   
   “Aai, what are you doing here alone in the bush?”Some travelers asked her.”We were two, and we were going to visit our aunt but my sister has been eaten up by a hyena ,”she cried. The travelers saw her futile determination. They could not leave her there and in any case they were convinced that the parents should know. “No, you go home and take the news of the death of your sister home.” The people advised her more persuasively until she accepted to go home.
   
   She arrived home, tired and wet with tears and sweat. She explained to her father what had happened. He became furious and called his wife to explain. but she was so full of grief that she could not talk. The elders were then called. It was agreed unanimously that the woman must be banished from the village because of her jealousy and wickedness. She left the village with regret and shame.
   
   
   1. Identify and illustrate four oral features in this narrative. (4 marks)
   2. Explain two aspects of the culture of the community from which this narrative is drawn. (4 marks)
   3. What do we learn about the character of Nyawino from this narrative. (4 marks)
   4. Describe the mood of this narrative. (3 marks)
   5. Explain the role of the travelers in the narrative. (2 marks)
   6. “She left the village crying with regret and shame.” (1 mark)
      (Rewrite beginning; Crying………..)
   7. What moral lesson do we learn from the narrative in relation to Awino’s conduct? Illustrate your answer. (2 marks)
4.               
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each.Do not change the meaning. (4 marks)
      1. All the farmers got a good harvest this year.(rewrite beginning:Not)
      2. The old ways are changing .This should be clear to everybody.
         (Rewrite as one sentence beginning:That……)
      3. Mrs. Mambo said that wall was very badly painted.
         (Rewrite in direct speech)
      4. When I finished eating,I went to bed.
         (Rewrite using the word ‘having’)
   2. Complete each of the sentences correctly using the verb in brackets. (3 marks)
      1. I………………….if I had known.(go)
      2. She …………………………..law for six years now.(study)
      3. If people…………………….more reasonable,there would be no wars.(be)
   3. Explain the two different meanings in the following sentence.(2 marks)
      Kamaru hates visiting relatives.
   4. Fill in each blank space with the correct alternative from the given choices. (3 marks)
      1. Can you change this…………………….powder form now?(in,into)
      2. My reason for going is …………………..I am needed there.(because,that)
      3. “………………………… now seven O’clock”,she said.(its,it’s)
   5. Use the correct form of the word in brackets to fill in the blank space in each of the sentences below.(3 marks)
      1. This man…………………………………..(hero)saved the boy from drowning.
      2. Her………………………..(reveal)shocked everyone.
      3. They were annoyed by the…………………………(warrant)search of the houses.

Marking Scheme

1.            
   1. What is this passage about? (1mark)
      • The passage is about the problem of obesity/excessive weight problem/being overweight
        
        
   2. What is achieved by the use of figures in paragraph one? (2marks)
      • Figures cleanly indicate pavasive the weight problem is/weight problem is on the increase
      • They also show the seriousness of the problem
      • To show/justify/prove/demonstrate /give credence/illustrate/authenticate the argument is factual/real
        Any 1×2
        
        
   3. From the information given in paragraph two, how can society get the weight problem under control? (3marks)
      • Promoting a lifestyle of exercise/making exercise a priority/avoiding sedentary lifestyles
      • Healthy eating/avoidance of fast foods/managing diet√ 2
        OR
      • Or avoiding foods high in fat/sticking to low fat meals
      • Avoiding foods high in sugars &salt/sticking to food low in sugars &fat.
        Exercise=1mk
        Diet=2 marks
        
        
   4. According to the passage, what are the indications of the increasing danger of obesity? (3marks)
      • Diet linked diseases/heart disease/cancer/diabetes/hypertension.
      • Deaths/it is killing many people.√1
      • Countries are spending a lot of money to cope with obesity related problems.√1
      • The WHO has declared obesity a global pandemic.√1
        Expect any 3×1
        
        
   5. In about 50 words summarize what the passage says about obesity in children and teenagers. (6marks)
      • Rough copy
      • In many places children, obesity is growing /rising/increasing fastest in children/(and)teenagers/childhood√1a
      • Teenagers and children have the freedom√1b
      • And means√1c
      • To access and consume high-fat fast foods√1 d
      • Moreover, unhealthy food is marketed 1e
      • In numerous supermarkets √1f
      • Allow a max of 55 words
      • Must be in continous prose
      • If not,deduct 50% at each point
      • Affix N to the penalized mark
      • Deduct a glimmer for faulty expressions once in a sentence.
        
        
   6. In what way is the modern lifestyle a curse rather than a blessing? (3 marks)
      • The modern lifestyle has cut down on the time we need for physical exercise√3
      • It has encouraged the consumption of high fast foods√3
      • A modern lifestyle leads to diseases such as diabetes and cancer/death√3
        Any 1×3
        
        
   7. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (2 marks)
      1. Affluence
         • Abudance/opulence/prosperity/riches/richness/wealth.
      2. Sedentary
         • Inactive/deobound/sitting/seated/without much activity.
           
           
2. QUESTION TWO: SEEN TEXT COMPREHENSION(25MARKS)
   Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.
   1. Explain what happens just before this excerpt. (4marks)
      • Nora comes home-She had gone shopping for among other things, a Christmas tree. She pays off the porter, rather generously, keeps away the shopping and then calls Torvald to see what she had bought. They discuss Christmas presents and their financial state.
        
        
   2. In the light of what happens later in the play, why do you think Nora is hesitant to say what she would like? (4 marks)
      • Nora is hesitant because what she really needs is money that she could use to pay back Krogstads loan. The fact that she had borrowed money from Krogstad is however, a secret that she intends to keep from her husband.
        
        
   3. What shows that Nora’s first answer: “Oh, I am sure I don’t want anything”: was not honest? (3 marks)
      • Once Nora is able to say that she wants money she pleads desperately with Torvald to give her money. The stage directions say that she speaks quickly. In her desperation, she pleads “Oh, do-! Dear Torvald: please, please do” shows she was pretending not to need anything.
        
        
   4. Describe Helmer’s attitude towards Norah. (3 marks)
      • Helmer is patronizing towards Nora, He describes her as “little people”. he is controlling-Nora has to plead with him for money.
        
        
   5. Identify the use of imagery in the excerpt. (3 marks)
      • There is use of metaphor. Money is said to melt in Noras hands. This confirms that Nora is a spendthrift.
      • She uses money on trivial things and spends it fast. According to Torvald since once Nora gets the money; “You never know where it has gone”.
        
        
   6. What is the full import of Nora’s statement: ‘You haven’t any idea how many expenses we skylarks and squirrels have?’ (3 marks)
      • Nora borrowed money from Krogstad and this has been a carefully guarded secret. She has had to work hard and make sacrifices to repay the money. This is one expense Nora has that Torvald has no idea about.
        
        
   7. “You are an odd little fool.”(Add a question tag). (1 mark)
      • You are an old little soul, aren’t you?
        
        
   8. What is Helmer’s attitude towards Nora’s father. (2 marks)
      • Helmer is contemptuous towards Nora’s father. He blames him for Nora’s inappropriate spending habits.
        
        
   9. Helmer says that Nora looks uneasy. Is this an accurate observation? Explain.(2 marks)
      • Yes it is. Nora is uneasy. She needs to raise money to pay Krogstad. This makes her anxious. That is why she pleads desperately with Helmer to give her money.
        
        
3. Read the following narrative and answer the questions that follow.(20 marks)
   1. Identify and illustrate four oral features in this narrative. (4 marks)
      • Fantasy/personification/use of animal character
      • The mother converses with the hyena√1
      • Direct speech/use of dialogue/conversation
      • We were…by a hyena√1
      • Didacticism/has a moral lesson-what goes around comes around√1
      • Timelessness- “one day….”√1
      • Ideophone- Aai
      • Repetition-She cried, wailed, wept and grieved
      • Rhetorical question-why should my mother….√1
      • No ½ marks. The candidate scores 1 mark only after correct illustration of feature
      • Expect 4×1
        
        
   2. Explain two aspects of the culture of the community from which this narrative is drawn. (4 marks)
      • Polygamy is practised√2/the father had two wives
      • The society had a system of justice/punishment by banishment√2(The woman was banished)
      • Elders handle sensitive matters/They have a system of leadership/administartion√2
      • The society values love and kinship√2
      • The society practices communal responsibility/ownership of children
      • The society wears ornaments/bangles(on the right arm)
        Any 2×2 marks
        
        
   3. What do we learn about the character of Nyawino from this narrative. (4 marks)
      • Observant/keen-She observes that the bangle on her sister’s arm is on the wrong arm.
      • Curious/inquisitive-wonders why the bangle is left on the left arm
      • Loving/friendly/caring-loved her step sister very much
      • Disobedient/defiant-She questions the mothers action of tying the bangle on the light arm.
        (No mark for illustration without identification)
        
        
   4. Describe the mood of this narrative. (3 marks)
      • The mood is sad/melancholic/somber/solemn/mournful/sorrowful-death of Nyawino/The grieving that follows/Awino is inconsolable.
      • Identification=2 marks
      • Illustration=1 mark
        
        
   5. Explain the role of the travelers in the narrative. (2 marks)
      1. They develop the plot-they wige the girl to report her sister’s death to the parents
      2. To reveal the characters of Awino as loving/caring
      3. Help her come to terms with reality
      4. Enhance dialogue in the story
      5. Their actions reveal that members of this community are responsibility/communal responsibility
      6. Any 1×2 with illustrations except for iv
         
         
   6. “She left the village crying with regret and shame.” (1 mark)
      (Rewrite beginning; Crying………..)
      • Crying with regret and shame, she left the village.
        
        
   7. What moral lesson do we learn from the narrative in relation to Awino’s conduct? Illustrate your answer. (2 marks)
      • We should be mindful of other peoples welfare/we should love our siblings.
      • We should heed good advice.
      • We should learn to accept loss/we should act logically/reasonably.
        (Illustration must be stated positively)
        
        
4.                 
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Do not change the meaning. (4 marks)
      1. All the farmers got a good harvest this year.(rewrite beginning: Not)
         • Not a single farmer got a bad/poor harvest this year/Not a single farmer failed/missed to get a good harvest this year.
           
           
      2. The old ways are changing .This should be clear to everybody.
         (Rewrite as one sentence beginning: That……)
         • That the old ways are changing should be clear to everybody
           
           
      3. Mrs. Mambo said that wall was very badly painted.(Rewrite in direct speech)
         • Mrs. Mambo said, “This wall is very badly painted.”
           “This wall is very badly painted,” said Mrs. Mambo.
           
           
      4. When I finished eating, I went to bed.(Rewrite using the word ‘having’)
         • Having finished eating, I went to bed
         • I went to bed having finished eating.
           
           
   2. Complete each of the sentences correctly using the verb in brackets. (3 marks)
      1. I would have gone or wouldn’t have gone if I had known.(go)
      2. She has studied or has been studying law for six years now.(study)
      3. If people were more reasonable, there would be no wars.(be)
         
         
   3. Explain the two different meanings in the following sentence.(2 marks)
      Kamaru hates visiting relatives.
      • Kamaru hate going to visit relatives(verb)look for
      • Kamaru hates relatives who visit (Adj)
        
        
   4. Fill in each blank space with the correct alternative from the given choices. (3 marks)
      • Can you change this in to powder form now?(in, into)
      • My reason for going is that I am needed there.(because, that)
      • “It’s now seven O’clock”, she said.(its, it’s)
        
        
   5. Use the correct form of the word in brackets to fill in the blank space in each of the sentences below.(3 marks)
      • This man heroically (hero)saved the boy from drowning.
      • Her revelation (reveal)shocked everyone.
      • They were annoyed by the unwarranted/warrantless/ unwarrantable (warrant)search of the houses.