Question

1. Identify three principles of the Arusha declaration of 1967.
2. Explain six political challenges facing African governments. 

Answer 1

1.  
   1. Self-reliance
   2. Nationalization of main means of production
   3. Ujamaa/socialism policy
   4. Human equality/non-discrimination
2.  
   1. Ideological difference among leaders thus civil wars
   2. They were affected by the cold war while it existed
   3. Occurrence of coups and counter coups in some nations
   4. Strained relationship among neighbouring countries
   5. Overdependence on former colonial masters for decision making/ neocolonialism. 
   6. Strained international relations
   7. Conflicting interest like being members of different regional and international groupings
   8. Ethnicity in many countries resulting from divide and rule policies of colonialists 
   9. Internal civil wars in some countries resulting from maladministration
   10. Refugee problems/hosting resulting from conflicts in other countries
   11. Global wind of change geared towards adoption of multi partysm
   12. Increased terrorism and terrorist activities.