STAGE 1: filtration at water intake- water from the source is passed through a series of sieves before entering the intake pipe.the first sieve has large meshes, the second one medium and the last one has tiny meshes whereby the large particles of impurities are trapped by this sieves STAGE 2: softening of water-water in the pipes flows into the mixing chamber where water circulates and is mixed with soda ash and alum.soda ash softens water while alum helps to coagulate solid particles STAGE 3: coagulation and sedimentation-softened water moves to the coagulation tank which is circular and large.Solid particles such as silt and sand settle down.The tank is open to allow in fresh air this removing bad smells. STAGE 4: filtration-water with very few impurities passes into a filtration tank where the remaining solid particles are removed. The filtration tank has layers of different sizes of gravel and a top layer of sand. At it's bottom is a layer of large pieces of gravel followed by another layer of medium size gravel then another layer of gravel of fine texture.A layer of fine sand is placed on top of this fine gravel. This layers allow water to sleep through very slowly leaving all the solid particles behind
STAGE 5: Chlorination
The filtered water enters the Chlorination tank where a small amount of chlorine solution is added. The flow of chlorine solution is controlled by doser and the amount added will depend on the volume of water to be treated and the outbreak of water-borne diseases. The chlorine is used to kill micro-organisms in water
STAGE 6: Storage
Treated water is stored in large tanks before distribution. This tank should be out of bounds to unauthorized persons. It should be well covered and the area around it fenced