Kenya Certificate Of Secondary Education (KCSE 2008) Biology Paper 1

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Kenya Certificate Of Secondary Education (KCSE 2008) Biology Paper 2

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Name the tissues in plants responsible for:
1. transport of water and mineral salts;
2. transport of carbohydrates;
3. primary growth. (3 marks)
State the importance of the following processes that take place in the nephron of a human kidney:
1. ultafiltration; (1 mark)
2. selective absorption. (1 mark)
1. Name a disease of the liver whose symptom is jaundice. (1 mark)
2. State the causative agent of:
  1. Cholera;(1 mark)
  2. Candidiasis. (1 mark)
The diagrams below show a red blood cell that was subjected to a certain treatment.
1. Account for the shape at the end of the experiment. (2 marks)
2. Draw a diagram to illustrate how a plant cell would appear if subjected to the same treatment. (1 mark)
1. State two factors that affect the enzymatic activities.
2. Explain how some of the factors state in (a.) above affect enzymatic activities. (1 mark)
1. What is meant by non- disjunction? (1 mark)
2. Give two examples of continuous variations in humans. (2 marks)
1. What is a fossil? (1 mark)
2. How does continuous variation occur? (3 marks)
The diagram below shows a stage in mitosis in a plant cell.
1. Name the stage of mitosis. (1 mark)
2. Give two reasons for your answer in (a.) above. (2 marks)
3. Name the part of the plant from which the cell used in the preparation above was obtained. (1 mark)
Give three factors that determine the amount of energy a human being requires in a day. (3 marks)
1. Name the antigens that determine the human blood groups. (2 marks)
2. State the adaptation that enables the red blood cells to move in blood capillaries. (1 mark)
1. What is homeostasis? (1 mark)
2. Name three processes in the human body in which homeostasis is involved. (3 marks)
State two functions of the endoplasmic reticulum. (2 marks)
1. Name the part of the retina where images are formed. (1 mark)
2. State two characteristics of the image formed in the retina. (2 marks)
Describe three characteristics of population. (3 marks)
Explain what happens where there is oxygen debt in human muscles. (2 marks)
The diagram below represents a set up that was used to investigate a certain process in a plant.
1. State the process that was being investigated. (1 mark)
2. State the factor that would affect the process. (1 mark)
Account for the following phases of sigmoid curve of growth of an organism:
1. lag phase (1 mark)
2. plateau phase. (1 mark)
How is the epidermis of a green plant adapted to its functions? (2 marks)
The diagram below shows a tissue obtained from an animal.
1. Identify the tissue. (1 mark)
2. State the function of the tissue named in (a.) above. (1 mark)
1. What is a single circulatory system? (1 mark)
2. Name an organism which has single circulatory system. (1 mark)
3. Name the opening to the chamber of the heart of an insect. (1 mark)
1. What is seed dormancy? (1 mark)
2. Name a growth inhibitor in seeds. (1 mark)
State two characteristics of aerenchyma tissue. (2 marks)
The diagram below shows a human tooth.
1. Identify the tooth. (1 mark)
2. How is the tooth adapted to its function? (1 mark)
3. State the role of the following vitamins in the human body.
  1. C ………………………………………………………………….. (1 mark)
  2. K …………………………………………………………………. (1 mark)
Name the sites where light and dark reactions of photosynthesis take place. (2 marks)
Light reaction …………………………………………………………………
Dark reaction ……………………………………………………………………
Giving a reason in each case, name the class to which the following organisms belong.
Bean plant ……………………………………………………………………..
Reason …………………………………………………………………………
Bat ……………………………………………………………………………..
Reason …………………………………………………………………………
State one use of each of the following excretory organs of plants.
1. Colchicine; (1 mark)
Explain how anaerobic respiration is applied in sewage treatment. (1 mark)
State the mode of asexual reproduction in yeast. (1 mark)
1. Distinguish between protandry and protogyny. (2 marks)
2. State a function of amniotic fluid. (1 mark)
The diagram below shows two fused bones of a mammal.
1. Identify the bones fused. (1 mark)
2. Name the
  1. Bone that articulates at the point labeled F. (1 mark)
  2. The hole labeled G