KCSE 2014 Biology Paper 3 Questions with Marking Scheme

1. 1. You are provided with solutions Q and R and a substance labelled D and a delivery tube fitted with a rubber bung/ cork.
      1. Label solution Q as lime water.
      2. Label solution R as 10% sugar solution.
      3. Add substance D to the 10 % sugar solution.
      4. Tightly close/ plug the boiling tube with the rubber bung/ cork fitted with a delivery tube.
      5. Dip the other of the other end of the delivery tube in the test tube containing lime water.
      6. Put the boiling tube in the warm water bath at 40⁰C and allow the set up to stand as shown in the diagram below.
      7. Observe the set up for about 15 minutes.
         
         
         1. State the observations made in the lime water. (2 marks)
            
            
         2. Explain the observations made in the lime water. (2 marks)
            
            
         3. Name the physiological process that was being investigated. (1 mark)
            
            
         4. Write a word equation for the physiological process investigated. (1 mark)
            
            
         5. Why was the warm water bath used in the experiment? (2 marks)
            
            
   2. Put a drop of the contents in the boiling tube of a microscope slide. Stain with a drop of methylene blue and cover with a cover slip.
      Observe it under a light microscope using low, medium and high power objective lenses.
      1. Draw and label oneof the structures observed under the high power objective lens. (3 marks)
      2. State the magnification of your drawing. (1 mark)
      3. State the identity of substance D. (1 mark)
         
         
2. You are provided with specimens labelled E and F.
   1. 1. Name the sub-division to which the specimens belong. (1 marks)
      2. Using observable features on the specimens, give two reasons for your answer in (a) (i) above. (2 marks)
         
         
   2. State the differences between the
      1. Leaves of specimen E and F. (5 marks)
      2. Stems of specimen E and F. (2 marks)
         
         
   3. Using observable features on the specimen, state the adaptation of specimen E to its habitat. (4 marks)
      
      
3. The photograph below shows two (A and B)skeletal limbs of a certain mammal.
   
   
   
   
   
   1. 1. Which of the two (A and B) skeletons represent a forelimb? (1 mark)
      2. State two features observable on the skeleton to confirm your answer in (a) (i) above. (2 marks)
         
         
   2. Name the bones labelled J,K and M.
      J (1 mark)
      K (1 mark)
      M (1 mark)
      
      
   3. Which bone forms the second joint with the bone labelled K? (1 mark)
      
      
   4. Name the type of joint formed on the part labelled H and L.
      H (1 mark)
      L (1 mark)
   5. Apart from the bones, state the function of any two other components of a joint. (4 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.                                
   1.                          
      1. Bubbles / gas formed/effervescence/foam/frith;
         lime water turns white/white ppt/milky/cloudy;
      2. Gas produced is carbon (IV) Oxide/Co2/carbon dioxide;(2 marks)
         which reacts with lime water to form a white precipitate/calcium carbonate/ insoluble sent; (2 marks)
      3. Respiration / anaerobic respiration / fermentation/ aerobic respiration;
      4. Respiration
         
         Or
         Anaerobic Respiration / Fermentation
         
         (1 mark)
      5. To provide optimum temperatures; for enzymes activity/action/working/ reaction;
   2.              
      1.                         (2 marks)
         
         Labelling - 2 marks
         Drawing - 1 mark
         Max.(3 marks)
      2. X400; (eye piece lens x high objective lens) (1 mark)
      3. Yeast; (1 mark)
2.          
   1.                              
      1. Angiospermatophyta/Angiospermae; (1 mark)
      2. E - veins on leaves / flowers / seeds;
         F - narrow / parallel veined leaves.(2 marks)
   2.                          
      1. LEAF E                                                    LEAF G
         Opposite                                                 Alternate;
         Net-veined                                              Parallel veined;
         Serrated margin                                      Smooth / entire margin;
         Rough surface                                         Smooth surface;
         Green                                                     Purple;
         Thin                                                       Thick;
         Broad                                                     Narrow;
         Has petiole/Compact petiole                     Has sheath/sheath - like petiole;
         Not succulent/fleshy                                Succulent/fleshy
         Max.  (5 marks)
      2. STEM E                                                        STEM G
         Opposite leaves                                           Alternate leaves
         Angular/square/four sided/rectangular           Round/cylindrical
         Pricky/thorny/spiny/spines                            Smooth/hairy;
         Woody / hard                                               Herbacious / soft
         Green / Grey                                                Purple;
         Non-succulent                                              Succulent/juicy fleshy
         Max.  (2 marks)
      3. Pricky/thorny/spiny: for protection against brosers/herbivourous/animals;
         Woody/hard: for mechanical support;
         (4 marks)
3.                    
   1.                                      
      1. A (1 mark)
      2. Presence of scapula/shoulder blade;
         Presence of Olecranon process/ulna/radius/humerus (2 marks)
   2. J Radius
      K Femur
      M Metatarsals(3 marks)
   3. Pelvic girdle (1 mark)
   4. H Gliding joint
      L Hinge joint (2 marks)
   5. Component                                                     Function
      Ligament;                                  Attach a bone to another bone;
      Cartilage                                    Shock absorber/facilitate gliding/reduce friction
      Synovial fluid                              Lubrication/reduce friction/shock absorber
      Synovial membrane;                   Secretes synovial fluid;
      Max. (4 marks)