History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - BSJE Mock Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIATES

• This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C.
• Answer ALL the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.

                                                                                SECTION A (25MARKS)

                                                                   Answer ALL the questions in this section

1. Identify the branch of History that deals with the leadership in Kenya (1mk)
2. Name the archaeological site in Kenya in which the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered. (1mk)
3. Give two economic ways in which the Kenyan communities interacted in pre-colonial period .(2mks)
4. Name two sub-sections of the Maasai community in Kenya in the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
5. Identify the main feature of the system of education in Kenya during the colonial period.(1mk)
6. Define the term “citizenship” (1mk)
7. Give the main reason for the formation of the Kenyan African Democratic Union (KADU)(1mk)
8. Mention any two ways through which one can become a member of the National Assembly in Kenya. (2mks)
9. Identify the head of the Judiciary in Kenya. (1mk)
10. Give the main reason why the British used indirect rule in some parts of Kenya (1mk)
11. Name the body that made laws in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
12. Outline two problems experienced by political associations in Kenya up to 1939 (2mks)
13. Name the first national philosophy in Kenya at independence. (1mk)
14. Identify two voting systems that have been used in Kenya since independence. (2mk)
15. Identify two types of ownership of land as spelt out in the Kenyan constitution (2mks)
16. State two ways through which the savings and Credit co-operative societies in Kenya benefit their members. (2mks)
17. Identify two examples of recurrent expenditure in Kenya. (2mks)
    
                                                                              SECTION B (45MKS)
                                                       Answer any THREE questions from this section.
18.  
    1. Name five Eastern Bantu communities which settled in Kenya during the pre-colonial period  (5mks)
    2. Describe five socio-political effects of the migration and settlement of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period (10mks)
19.  
    1. State five reasons for the Portuguese success to conquer the Kenyan coast (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that made the Akamba to participate in the long distance trade (10mks)
20.  
    1. Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda railway (5mks)
    2. Explain five ways in which the colonial government promoted settler farming in Kenya (10mks)
21.  
    1. State five factors that facilitated Mau Mau movement in Kenya (5mks)
    2. Explain five roles played by the trade unions in the struggle for independence in Kenya (10mks
       
                                                                              SECTION C (30mks)
                                                            Answer any two questions from this section
22.  
    1. State three types of issues that can cause a conflict (3mks)
    2. Explain any six peaceful methods of conflict resolutions (12mks)
23.  
    1. List three members that compose the cabinet in Kenya (3mks)
    2. Explain six reason that may lead to a presidential by-election in Kenya (12mks)
24.  
    1. Give five factors to consider when changing county boundaries in Kenya (5mks)
    2. Explain five challenges faced by the county governments in Kenya (10mks)

                                                                          MARKING SCHEME

                                                                                     SECTION A (25MARKS)

                                                                          Answer ALL the questions in this section

1. Identify the branch of History that deals with the leadership in Kenya (1mk)
   • Political History (1x1 = 1mk)
2. Name the archaeological site in Kenya in which the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered. (1mk)
   • Fort Ternan (1x1 = 1mk)
3. Give two economic ways in which the Kenyan communities interacted in pre-colonial period. (2mks)
   • Through trading activities
   • Through cattle raids   (2x1 = 2mks)
4. Name two sub-sections of the Maasai community in Kenya in the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
   • Kwavi maasai
   • Purko maasai (2x1 = 2mks)
5. Identify the main feature of the system of education in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
   • It was organized on racial lines/discriminative on race/racial discrimination was key  (1x1 = 1mk)
6. Define the term “citizenship” (1mk)
   • Refers to the legal right to belong to a particular country (1x1 = 1mk)
7. Give the main reason for the formation of the Kenyan African Democratic Union (KADU)(1mk)
   • To reduce the Kikuyu – Luo dominance in the political affairs (1x1 = 1mk)
8. Mention any two ways through which one can become a member of the National Assembly in Kenya. (2mks)
   • Through election
   • Through nomination by a political party
   • By virtue of a job/ex-officio member (any correct 2x1 = 2mks)
9. Identify the head of the Judiciary in Kenya. (1mk)
   • Chief justice (1x1 = 1mk)
10. Give the main reason why the British used indirect rule in some parts of Kenya (1mk)
    • Inadequate white personnel (1x1 = 1mk)
11. Name the body that made laws in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
    • Legislative council (Legco) (1x1 = 1mk)
12. Outline two problems experienced by political associations in Kenya up to 1939 (2mks)
    • Inadequate funds
    • leadership squabbles/wrangles
    • harassment by the colonial government
    • Ideological differences among leaders
    • Increased illiteracy among Kenyans (Any correct 2x1 = 2mks)
13. Name the first national philosophy in Kenya at independence. (1mk)
    • African socialism (1x1 = 1mk)
14. Identify two voting systems that have been used in Kenya since independence. (2mk)
    • Queuing (mlolongo)
    • Acclamation
    • Secret balloting (2x1 = 2mks)
15. Identify two types of ownership of land as spelt out in the Kenyan constitution (2mks)
    • Private ownership
    • Community ownership
    • Public ownership    (Any correct 2x1 = 2mks)
16. State two ways through which the savings and Credit co-operative societies in Kenya benefit their members. (2mks)
    • Provision of loans
    • Educating the members
    • Provide the necessary physical inputs (2x1 = 2mks)
17. Identify two examples of recurrent expenditure in Kenya. (2mks)
    • Salaries and wages
    • Repair and maintenance fee
    • International subscription   (Any correct 2x1 = 2mks)
      
                                                                             SECTION B (45MKS)
                                                      Answer any THREE questions from this section.
18.  
    1. Name five Eastern Bantu communities which settled in Kenya during the pre-colonial period   (5mks)
       • Akamba
       • Aembu
       • Mbeere
       • Ameru
       • Agikuyu (5x1 = (5mks)
    2. Describe five socio-political effects of the migration and settlement of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period (10mks)
       • They adopted cultural practices of other communities.
       • They displaced some of the communities they came to interact with
       • They absorbed/assimilated some communities.
       • Some of their military tactics were adopted by the neighbouring communities
       • They intermarried with other communities.
       • It led to intensification of welfare
       • It led to increased population in the areas they finally settled .   (Any correct 5x2 = 10mks)
19.  
    1. State five reasons for the Portuguese success to conquer the Kenyan coast (5mks)
       • They had superior weapons
       • They had better /strong naval power
       • Disunity among coastal towns
       • They got reinforcement from Goa in India
       • Collaboration by some coastal towns
       • The Portuguese offered surprise attacks
       • They had well-trained soldiers     (Any 5x1= 5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that made the Akamba to participate in the long distance trade (10mks)
       • Presence of skilled merchants such as chief Kivoi who provided good organization of the trade.
       • There was increased aridity in the Kambaland and agriculture could not do well hence trade was the only alternative.
       • Ukambani was strategically located hence very conducive for the trade.
       • The Akamba were skilled in hunting hence could get some of the items needed in the trade e.g. ivory.
       • Presence of rich merchants who financed the trade    (Any correct 5x2 =10mks)
20.  
    1. Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda railway (5mks)
       • To facilitate faster movement of troops into the interior.
       • To ensure effective administration of the protectorate.
       • To facilitate abolition of slave trade.
       • To link the landlocked Uganda with the Coast
       • To protect the British strategic interest in the region
       • For maximum exploitation of resources in the region (5 x 1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five ways in which the colonial government promoted settler farming in Kenya (10mks)
       • They provided capital/finance to the interested settler farmers.
       • Formed co-operatives to help in marketing the agricultural products.
       • Helped the settlers to acquire large tracts of land for farming
       • Facilitated the provision of good transport networks
       • Provided the much needed security to the settlers
       • Recruited Africans to offer labour in the settler farms      (Any correct 5x2 = 10mks)
21.  
    1. State five factors that facilitated Mau Mau movement in Kenya (5mks)
       • The oathing activities united the nationalists
       • Availability of home-made ammunitions/weapons
       • The warriors understood the terrain hence applied guerilla tactics and retreated in the forest hideouts
       • Regular supply of food
       • Presence of skilled leaders e.g. D. Kimathi
    2. Explain five roles played by the trade unions in the struggle for independence in Kenya (10mks
       • Provided a platform to air African grievances against colonialism.
       • Educated workers on their rights hence made them agitate for political independence.
       • Organized demonstrations/strikes/protests against the colonial government
       • Provided training ground for the “future” leaders who later led in the struggle for independence
       • Exposed the plight of African workers to the international community leading to condemnation of the colonial government.
       • Demanded for the release of political detainees   (Any correct 5x2 = 10mks)
         
                                                                         SECTION C (30mks)
                                                        Answer any two questions from this section
22.  
    1. State three types of issues that can cause a conflict (3mks)
       • economic issues
       • social issues
       • political issues (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain any six peaceful methods of conflict resolutions (12mks)
       • Negotiation; the two conflicting parties discuss to reach an agreement
       • Arbitration; a neutral person (arbitrator) solves a disagreement
       • Mediation; a person who is not involved in a dispute tries to help two conflicting sided to reach an agreement
       • Religious action; involves the intervention of the religious leaders to bring peace.
       • Court action; this is where the court protocols are adhered to reach a solution for peace.
       • Policing; involves the use of the police to bring back peace   (Any correct 6x2 = 12mks)
23.  
    1. List three members that compose the cabinet in Kenya (3mks)
       • The President
       • The Deputy President
       • The Attorney General
       • Cabinet Secretary     (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain six reason that may lead to a presidential by-election in Kenya (12mks)
       • If the election is nullified by the supreme court
       • In the event of the death of a seating president
       • If the president resigns in writing to the speaker of the National Assembly
       • If the president becomes mentally incapacitated.
       • Following a vote of no-confidence to impeach the president/government
       • If the serving president defects from the party that sponsored him/her to elections.
       • If the serving president ceases to be a Kenyan citizen   (Any correct 6x2 = 12mks)
24.  
    1. Give five factors to consider when changing county boundaries in Kenya (5mks)
       • Population density
       • Physical and human infrastructure
       • Historical and cultural ties
       • The cost of administration
       • The views of the communities affected
       • geographical features present                (Any correct 5x1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five challenges faced by the county governments in Kenya (10mks)
       • High population in some counties hence difficult to provide quality services
       • Poor transport and communication network hinders movement of goods/service
       • Inadequate resources to generate enough revenue for development
       • Leadership wrangles among some leaders i.e a Governor and th e deputy governor.
       • Inadequate skilled personnel in some departments.
       • Corruption/Embezzlement of funds slows development
       • Delay in remittance of funds by the National government to the counties.
       • Duplication of roles between the two levels of government
       • Interference by the national Government
       • Cross-county planning and development may cause conflicts between the involved counties  (Any 5 pts x 2 = 10mks)