Instructions to candidates
- This paper consists of six questions.
- Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
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- State seven reasons why the Bible is called the word of God. (7 marks)
- Outline the translation of the Bible from the original languages to the present local languages. (7 marks)
- Identify six ways in which the Bible is misused in Kenya today. (6 marks)
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- Outline the background to the call of Abraham. (8 marks)
- Give instructions given to Abraham by God concerning the Jewish circumcision. (6 marks)
- Explain six reasons why circumcision was important to the Jews. (6 marks)
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- Give seven reasons why Prophet Samuel was against kingship in Israel. (7 marks)
- Describe Mount Carmel contest between Prophet Elijah and prophets of Baal. (7 marks)
- Identify lessons learnt about the nature of God from the contest at Mount Carmel. (6 marks)
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- Give ways in which prophetic messages were written. (6 marks)
- Explain four visions of prophet Amos. (8 marks)
- Identify ways in which God speaks to Christians today. (6 marks)
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- Explain four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God during the time of Nehemiah.
(8 marks) - Identify final reforms carried out by Nehemiah to restore the worship of God in Judah. (5 marks)
- Give seven reasons why Nehemiah carried out the reforms. (7 marks)
- Explain four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God during the time of Nehemiah.
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- Outline seven methods used in choosing marriage partner in Traditional African Community. (7 marks)
- Explain the African understanding of hierarchy of beings. (7 marks)
- Outline six moral values acquired during initiation in African Traditional Community. (6 marks)
MARKING SCHEME
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- Reasons why the Bible is called the word of God
- The authors were inspired by God
- The messages contained in the Bible were revealed to the Prophets through dreams, visions and natural phenomena.
- It portrays the nature of God
- It contains predicted prophecies, some of which have come to pass.
- God Himself took part in the writing of the Bible e.g. the Ten Commandments.
- It contains the will of God for daily living.
- It is about Jesus Christ who is referred to as the word of God.
- Contains God’s self-revelation to human beings. (7X 1)
- Outline the translation of the Bible from the original languages to the present local languages.
- The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew.
- The New Testament was originally written in Greek
- The Old Testament Bible was translated by 70 scholars from Hebrew to Greek (Septuagint)
- The entire Bible was translated into Latin by Jerome – (The vulgate)
- The Bible was translated directly from Hebrew and Greek into English from Hebrew and Greek into English by William Tyndale.
- The Bible was translated into National languages of European countries during the period of reformation.
- It was translated from English into Kiswahili by Dr. Kraft.
- The Bible has been translated into other local languages by the Bible Society of Kenya. (7X 1)
- Identify six ways in which the Bible is misused in Kenya today.
- It is used to take oaths in Court/Offices by people who may not be saying the truth/not be believers.
- It is kept in places associated with evil
- Distortion of some Bible teaching/using specific verses to fulfill individual demands.
- Some people use the Bible as an ordinary text book.
- Some people use it in witchcraft/cults to mislead people.
- Some use it to enrich themselves
- Some Bible translations have changed the original meaning of the Bible.
- Some people keep the Bible for display and not reading it for spiritual growth.
- Some may use the Bible to administer curses/curse to others. (6X 1)
- Reasons why the Bible is called the word of God
- Outline the background to the call of Abraham.
- Abraham was the son of Terah who lived in the city of Ur
- He had two brothers i.e. Nahor and Haran
- He had a nephew called Lot.
- Abraham was an Amorite/Asemitic tribe who occupied the Middle crescent of the Middle East
- Abraham migrated to Haran with His family
- Their religion was Polytheistic/Moon worshippers
- After the death of Terah, Abraham was left in charge of the family.
- Abraham was married to Sarai but they had no child.
- Abraham lived with Lot, his nephew, a nomadic pastoral ways of life.
- Terah died in Haran and God spoke to Abraham. (8X 1)
- Give six instructions given to Abraham by God concerning the Jewish circumcision
- Every male among Abraham’s descendants had to be circumcised.
- They would be circumcised by the flesh of their foreskins.
- Circumcision was required of all the male servants of Abraham.
- Circumcision would take place when a male was 8 days old.
- Would be a mark/symbol of an everlasting covenant between God and Abraham’s community.
- Any man who was not circumcised would be cut off from Abraham’s descendants because he had broken the covenant.
(6X 1)
- Explain six reasons why circumcision was important to the Jews.
- It was an outward sign of Abraham and his descendant’s covenant relationship with God.
- It was a sign of membership to the Jewish community/Identity
- It was a sign of inner faith for Abraham and His descendants.
- It was a sign of purity.
- It was a physical badge for all male children among the Jews. (6X 1)
- Outline the background to the call of Abraham.
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- Reasons why Prophet Samuel was against kingship in Israel.
- It was against theocratic rule of God
- It was going to be a dictation rule
- Their land/harvest would be grabbed by the king.
- They would lose their identity as a covenant people
- In the hereditary system, it would be hard to replace oppressive rulers.
- Their daughters would be enslaved in the palace.
- The people would be taxed heavily.
- Their sons would be forced into the army (7X 1)
- Mount Carmel contest
- Elijah asked King Ahab to assemble all the people at Mt. Carmel.
- The king summoned all the people including the prophets of Baal to Mt. Carmel.
- Elijah told the people to choose between worshipping God and Baal.
- He suggested to the people that two bulls be brought and each party to offer the sacrifice to their God.
- He challenged their God burn the sacrifice will be true God.
- The prophet of Baal was given a bull which they prepared and called upon the name of their god.
- Elijah mocked them/asked them to shout louder to their God.
- He placed the sacrifice on the alter and asked the people to pour water on it.
- The people threw themselves on the ground and worshipped the Lord as the true God.
- Elijah killed the prophet of Baal. (7X 1)
- Lessons learnt about the nature of God from the Mt. Carmel contest.
- Yahweh is the only God
- Yahweh is a living God who controls forces of nature.
- Yahweh is a powerful God.
- Yahweh is a merciful God who wins backward hearts.
- Yahweh is a jelous God who will have no other God beside Him
- Yahweh is a God of justice who punishes Idolaters and other sinners.
- Yahweh answers prayers. (6X 1)
- Reasons why Prophet Samuel was against kingship in Israel.
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- Ways in which prophetic message were written.
- The prophets wrote themselves e.g Isaiah
- God dictated to the prophets what was to be put down.
- The disciples of the prophets preserved their master’s teachings as oral traditions and passed it over to subsequent generations.
- The disciples of the prophets treasured recollections of the prophet’s life as well as their oracles and incorporated them in the historical books of the Bible.
- The scribe re-organized the prophets’ teachings according to the subject matter.
- The collection, compiling and writing of prophetic messages was accomplished over a long period of time.
- Some prophets dictated their messages to scribes to write down e.g Baruch for Jeremiah. (6X 1)
- Visions of prophet Amos.
- The vision of the Locusts
- Amos saw God sending a great swarm of locusts on the land of Israel.
- The locusts destroyed all the plants and food in the land.
- Amos cried to God to have mercy on the people and God heard him.
- The vision of Fire
- Amos saw God preparing to consume the earth with fire.
- The fire burnt up part of the earth and the ocean was completely dry.
- He pleaded with God not to punish the people and God listened.
- The vision of Plumb line
- Amos saw God standing next to a crooked wall with a plumb line.
- He told Amos that he was going to measure his people using the plumb line.
- God told the prophet that he would never overlook the sin of his people.
- Amos remained silent.
- The vision of a basket of summer or ripe fruits
- The prophet was shown a basket of fruits.
- God told him that time was new ripe for the Israelites to be punished for their sins.
- God was not going to spare them anymore and the songs of the temple would become wails and bodies would be everywhere.
- The vision of the destruction of the altar
- Amos saw God standing by the altar.
- It seemed as if he had commanded an angel to strike the altar and destroy it completely.
- God said that no one would escape His punishment and He would follow those escaping and destroy them. (8X 1)
- The vision of the Locusts
- Ways in which God speaks to Christians today.
- Through the bible/scriptures
- God speaks to Christians through church leaders.
- Through every/day experience/occurrences
- Through dreams/visions seen by some Christians.
- Through personal experiences
- Through miracles by church leaders. (6X 1)
- Ways in which prophetic message were written.
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- State four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God during the time of Nehemiah.
- They were to live according to God’s law/obey all his commandments/requirements.
- They would not intermarry with the foreigners living in their land.
- They promised not to farm every seventh year/ they were to cancel all the debts
- They would make annual contribution towards temple expenses/not to neglect the house of God.
- They were to provide wood for burnt sacrifices.
- They were to offer the first fruits of their harvest/dedicate their first born sons/flocks as acquired by the law.
- They would pay their titles in accordance with the law.
- They will not do any business on the Sabbath day. (8X 1)
- Reforms carried out by Nehemiah.
- Cleansing of the temple
- Reinstating of the levites and other temple workers.
- He ordered the closure of Jerusalem for proper Sabbath observance.
- He separated the Jewish from the foreigners
- He purified the priesthood.
- Throwing out the household of Tobia out of the chamber
- Cleansing the chamber in the temple
- Returning the vessels of the house of God
- Appointing treasures over the store houses
- Stopping the buying and selling of wares on the Sabbath day.
- He ordered and ends to mixed marriages/foreigners. (5X 1)
- Reasons why Nehemiah carried out the reforms.
- To preserve the identity of the Jews as people of God.
- To separate the Jews from foreign influence
- To purify the temple which had been defeated by keeping a foreigner
- To reinstate the services of the levites as priests of the temple.
- To restore the tidily system that had been forgotten for the up keep of the temple.
- To ensure that the Sabbath day was free from business activities.
- In order to cleanse the Jews who had intermarried with foreigners/exposed to Idolatry. (7X 1)
- State four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God during the time of Nehemiah.
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- Outline seven methods used in choosing marriage partner in Traditional African Community.
- Parents make the decision and inform their children.
- The youth make decision and inform parents for approval.
- A go between such as Aunt is used
- A girl is way laid followed by formed arrangements.
- The first wife chooses for the husband another wife.
- Through the inheritance of widows.
- Leaders acquire wives as gifts.
- One is offered a bride to offset debts. (7X 1)
- Explain the African understanding of hierarchy of beings.
- God – Top of the hierarchy
- Divinities – below God and above the spirits
- Spirits – link God to human beings
- Living dead/ancestors – spirits of the living dead intermediaries between God and the people.
- Human beings – They include those who are physically alive and not yet born.
- Living things i.e plants and animals. Used by human beings in their natural and Religious life.
- Non-living things – they include physical features such as hills, lakes, rocks etc. (7X 1)
- Six moral values acquired during initiation in African Traditional Community.
- Value of respect
- Loyalty
- Endurance/perseverance
- Sharing
- Chastity
- Self-control
- Solidarity
- Courage/bravery
- Outline seven methods used in choosing marriage partner in Traditional African Community.
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