Agriculture P2 Questions and Answers - Butula Sub-County Post Mock Exams 2021/2022

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

• Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
• Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
• This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A and B.
• Answer any two questions in section C.
• All answers should be written in the spaces provided.

For Examiner’s Use Only:

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (30 MARKS)

1. Give two reasons why jersey breed of cattle are better suited to arid areas than Friesian cattle (2mks)
2. Give two methods of handling rabbits (1mk)
3. Describe four factors to consider when selecting a breeding boar (2mks)
4. Name the other tool used together with the following (1mk)
   Canular…………………………………………………
   elastrator……………………………………………….
5. State four characteristics of roughages in livestock nutrition (2mks)
6. Name four livestock structures used to control livestock parasites on the farm (2mks)
7. Name a breed of a pig which has the following characteristics (1mk)
   1. Black body with a white patch on the shoulders ……………………………………………………………
   2. Erect ears and a broad dished snout …………………………………………………………………………….
8. Give two ways in which proper nutrition helps control livestock diseases (1mk)
9. List two methods that dairy farmers can use for outbreeding (1mk)
10. Give four maintenance practices which are carried out on a wheelbarrow (2mks)
11. State two characteristics that will be observed on chicks when the brooder temperatures are high (2mks)
12. List two causes of bloat in ruminant animals (1mk)
13. List two sources of animal power in the farm (1mk)
14. Give two reasons for washing the cow’s udder with warm water before milking (2mks)
15.                  
    1. Differentiate between cropping and harvesting in fish farming (1mk)
    2. Give four reasons why bees swarm (2mks)
16. State four reasons why it is necessary to take weights of animals in the farm (2mks)
17. Name four systems of a tractor engine (2mks)
18. Give four characteristics of a good site for a fishpond (2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)

19. The diagram below shows a reproductive system of a cow, study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Name the parts labelled X and Y (2mks)
       X
       Y
    2. Give two functions of the part labelled Z (2mks)
    3. Name any disease that can be transmitted to the above reproductive system through natural mating (1mk)
20. The diagram below shows a farm structure, use it to answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the practice being carried out (1mk)
    2. Name the structure in which the practice is being carried out (1mk)
    3. Give three advantages of the above structure (3mks)
21. Study the diagrams below carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the livestock management practice taking place in diagram A and B (2mks)
       A…………………………………………………………………….
       B…………………………………………………………………….
    2. State two problems associated with practice A in the diagram above (2mks)
    3. What is the importance of carrying out the management practice illustrated by diagram B? (1mk)
22. Study the illustration below and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the practice (1mk)
    2. Why is the practice recommended on the 18th day of incubation? (1mk)
    3. State three defects of an egg that can be detected using this set up (3mks)  

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
Answer Any Two Questions from This Section

23.                      
    1. Describe the procedure of erecting wooden post for fencing (10 mks)
    2. Describe the process of egg formation in the reproductive system of a hen (6 mks)
    3. State four predisposing factors of mastitis in cattle (4 mks)
24.                    
    1. Describe seven advantages of artificial insemination (7 mks)
    2. State five factors to be considered when formulating a livestock ration (5 mks)
    3. Describe the effect of parasite on livestock (8 mks)
25.                        
    1. What preparation would a farmer carryout in preparation for arrival a day old chicks (8 mks)
    2. Discuss pneumonia in calves under the following sub-heading (8 mks)
       1. Symptoms
       2. Control
    3. State four causes of long calving intervals (4 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.                      
   1. jersey cattle can survive on poor pasture
   2. more tolerant to tropical diseases
   3. More tolerant to heat
      (2×1=2mks)
2.                      
   1. support hind quarter with one hand and steady by holding ears
   2. Grasp loose skin over shoulder with hands (2×0.5=1mk)
3.                        
   1. high libido
   2. Fertile
   3. Free from hereditary defect
   4. High feed conversion rate
   5. fast growth rate
   6. good body conformation
   7. Free from physical defect
   8. Suitable to environment condition
   9. Be mature
   10. be healthy (4×0.5=2mks)
4.                        
   1. Canular-trocar
   2. Elastrator -rubber ring (2×0.5=1mks)
5.                      
   1. bulky
   2. High fibre content
   3. Low nutrient content
   4. Low digestibility
   5. plant origin (4×0.5=2mks)
6.                        
   1. spray race
   2. Housing/shed
   3. Fences
   4. Crush
   5. plunge dip (4×0.5=2mks)
7.                      
   1. wessex saddleback acc. Saddle back
   2. Large white (2×0.5=1mk)
8.                        
   1. prevent nutrient deficiency diseases
   2. ensure resistance against diseases (2×0.5=1mk)
9.                      
   1. cross breeding
   2. Outcrossing
   3. Upgrading (2×0.5=1mk)
10.                        
    1. painting to avoid rusting
    2. Lubricating moving parts
    3. Clean after use rej. washing
    4. Replace worn out wheel
    5. repair broken parts (4×0.5=2mks)
11.                      
    1. panting/open beak
    2. Drooping wings/wings away from the body
    3. Chicks make a lot of noise
    4. Chicks move away from heat source
    5. drinking excess amount of water(4×0.5=2mks)
12.                      
    1. lack of fibre in the diet
    2. Feeding on succulent feeds
    3. Rapid gas production
    4. Fermentation of feed in the rumen
    5. obstruction of the esophagus by food (2×0.5=1mk)
13.                        
    1. donkey
    2. Oxen accept bull
    3. Camels(2×0.5=1mk)
14.                        
    1. to remove dirt
    2. Stimulates milk let down (2×1=2mks)
15.                        
    1. cropping-removal of market size fish from the pond to provide more space for those left behind.
       harvesting- removal of all the fish from the pond during pond cleaning/maintenance. (1×1=1mk)
    2.                      
       1. shortage of food
       2. Lack of adequate ventilation
       3. Damage of the brood comb
       4. Outbreak of diseases
       5. infertile queen(4×0.5=2mks)
16.                          
    1. to determine the growth rate
    2. To evaluate weight gain in relation to age
    3. To plan for proper feeding regime
    4. To determine the management level of the mother during gestation(4×0.5=2mks)
17.                      
    1. ignition system
    2. Fuel system
    3. Power transmission
    4. Electrical system
    5. cooling system(4×0.5=2mks)
18.                          
    1. reliable water source
    2. Secure from predators and thieves
    3. Accessible site
    4. Soil type/preferable clay soil
    5. topography/ gentle sloping land(4×0.5=2mks)
19.                        
    1. x-ovary (1×1=1mk)
       y- cervix (1×1=1mk)
    2.                            
       1. produce ovum/female gametes
       2. Produce hormones/ progestrones
    3.                          
       1. Brucellosis/contagious abortion
       2. Trichonomiasis
       3. Campilobacteriosis
       4. Vibriosis (1×1=1mk)
20.                      
    1. spraying (1×1=1mk)
    2. spray race (1×1=1mk)
    3.                    
       1. convenient for sick/pregnant animals
       2. Its less laborious
       3. Economical in spray use
       4. Faster than plunge dip
       5. animals cant swallow the acaricide (3×1=3mks)
21.                          
    1. A-branding
       B- bloodless/closed castration rej. Castration (2×1=2mks)
    2.                      
       1. lowers hide quality
       2. Wounds which act as pathway for secondary infection
       3. Inflicts pain to the animal (2×1=2mks)
    3.                              
       1. control breeding
       2. Avoid bad smell in goats hence improve meat quality
       3. fast growth rate (1×1=1mks)
22.                        
    1. egg candling (1×1=1mk)
    2. confirm the presence of a chick/embryo (1×1=1mk)
    3.                                
       • displaced air space
       • excessively large air space
       • meat and blood spot
       • displaced yoke
       • hair cracks (3×1=3mks)
23.                                
    1.                          
       1. clear the site to be fenced
       2. Use a string to lay out the fence line
       3. Determine the position of the posts using a tape measure
       4. Dig the holes using a hole digger/claw bar
       5. use a ruler to determine the right hole depth
       6. Obtain the right length of the post using a tape measure
       7. Obtain the right depth using soil auger
       8. Put concreate at the bottom of the hole
       9. Place the posts in the hole
       10. ensure posts are vertical and at right angles
       11. Fill the holes with soil/concrete
       12. Firm the soil/concrete using a ramming rod
       13. Heap soil/concrete at the base of the of the post (10×1=10mks)
    2.                      
       1. ovary-produces ovum
       2. Funnel/infundibulum- chalazae are added and the egg moves to the magnum, fertilization takes place here, receives ovum.
       3. Magnum- the light albumen is added and the yoke moves into the isthmus
       4. Isthmus- water and mineral salts are added/vitamins - shell membrane is added to uterus/ albumen addition is completed
       5. uterus/shell gland- shell is added around the egg/ contains calcium deposits shell pigmentation occurs here. Egg takes 22hrs.
       6. vagina- egg is temporarily stored
          - egg is inverted to be laid with the broad end first
          -egg is lubricated (6×1=6mks)
    3.                              
       1. dirty and filthy milking sheds that encourage breeding of the bacteria
       2. In large and pendulums under hanging below hock/genetic factor
       3. Incomplete/partial milking
       4. Old age/old animals
       5. high yielding cows
       6. Stress
       7. Injury of udder/ teats (4×1=4mks)
24.          
    1.                             
       1. control breeding diseases/parasites
       2. Control breeding
       3. It’s easier to transport semen to and from an area
       4. Semen from a superior bull can be used to serve so many cows
       5. farmers who cannot afford a superior bull get the service at a lower cost
       6. Bulls that cannot serve naturally due to injuries/defects are utilized
       7. Prevent injuries to the cows by heavy bulls
       8. Semen can be stored for long periods even after the death of the bull
       9. Saves the cost of rearing a bull
       10. controls in breeding
       11. Useful research tools (7×1=7mks)
    2.                            
       1. age of animal
       2. Type of animal whether ruminant or non-ruminant
       3. Nutrient required of the animal
       4. Cost of the feed stuff
       5. availability of the feed stuff (5×1=5mks)
    3.                            
       1. causes anemia
       2. Deprive food
       3. Cause injury and damage to tissue and organs.
       4. Transmit diseases
       5. causes irritation
       6. Obstruction of internal organs
       7. Causes wounds
       8. Lowers quality of hides and skins (8×1=8mks)
25.                              
    1.                          
       • construct a brooder
       • clean the brooder
       • disinfect the brooder
       • place litter on the floor
       • provide heat source
       • ensure enough feeders
       • ensure enough drinkers
       • place newspapers on the litter
       • provide dim light to prevent toe pecking (8×1=8mks)
    2. pneumonia in calves
       1. symptoms
          • loss of appetite
          • rough hair coat
          • abnormal lung sound/whizzing
          • dullness
          • nosal discharge
          • fluctuating body temperature(4×1=4mks)
       2. control
          • proper sanitation
          • hygiene
          • isolation of sick animals
          • avoid overcrowding
          • treat with appropriate antibiotics
          • keep animal house warm (4×1=4mks)
    3.                              
       1. poor health
       2. Poor selection
       3. Poor nutrition
       4. Incorrect timing of service
       5. irregular heat signs
       6. Type of breed
       7. Poor breed methods (4×1=4mks)