History Questions and Answers - Form 2 Mid Term 3 Exams 2023

ANSWER ALL QUESTION

1. Give the meaning of history. (1mk)
2. Name the scientific theory that explains the origin of human being. (1mk)
3. State five uses of fire by early man. (5mks)
4. State four ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortage. (4mk)
5. Name one method of irrigation used in development of early agriculture in Egypt. (1mks)
6.  
   1. Give five reasons for the migration of the Luo during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
   2. Explain the effect of the luo migration and settlement in western Kenya. (10mks)
7.  
   1. Name three early visitors to East African coast up to 1500 AD. (3mks)
   2. State four factors that enabled early visitors to come to East Africa Coast. (4mks)
8. Explain five effects of Portuguese rule in the East Africa Coast. (10mks)
9. Identify two methods of trade. (2mks)
10. Give four methods used to acquire slaves in West Africa during the trans- Atlantic trade. (4mks)
11. Give three disadvantages of motor vehicle. (3 mk)
12. Explain five results of Trans- Atlantic trade in West Africa. (10mks)
13. List three forms of print – Media. (3mks)
14. Identify five uses of bronze in pre- colonial Africa. (5mk)
15. Explain five factors that have promoted Industrialization in India. (10mks)
16. Give two reasons why early urban centres in ancient Egypt developed in the Nile Valley (2mks)
17. Give five factors that led to early urbanization. (5mks)
18. Give five functions of Cairo. (5mks)
19. Identify one reason that led to decline of Meroe (1mk)
20. Identify one way of becoming a Kenyan citizen. (1mk)
21. Give five factor that limit national unity. (5mks)

                                                                                    MARKING SCHEME

1. Give the meaning of history. (1mk)
   • Study of man’s past events and activities.
2. Name the scientific theory that explains the origin of human being. (1mk)
   • The evolution theory
3. State five uses of fire by early man. (5mks)
   • Provided warmth
   • To scare animals
   • Cooking and roasting
   • Providing light
   • Hardening tools/pots
   • For communication
4. State four ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortage. (4mk)
   • Suffer malnutrition/poor/health
   • Loss of life/death
   • People have to rely on relief food/food aid
   • The little food available becomes expensive
   • Increased insecurity/ people steal food
   • Agricultural based industries lack law materials and unemployment
   • Children drop out of school because of hunger
   • Decrease in population
   • Many people become refugees
   • Money meant for economic is used to buy food
   • Malnutrition diseases
5. Name one method of irrigation used in development of early agriculture. (1mks)
   • basin
   • canal
   • shadow
6.  
   1. Give five reasons for the migration of the Luo during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
      • population pressure
      • search for pressure water for their livestock
      • escape form hostile neighbours
      • internal conflicts
      • diseases and epidemics
      • spent of adventure
   2. Explain the effect of the luo migration and settlement in western Kenya. (10mks)
      • displaced communities they came across
      • cultural exchange with their neighbours
      • population increase in areas they settled
      • conflicts with neighbours over ground land etc
      • intermarriage with neighbouring communities
      • traded with neighbours
      • assimilated some communities
7.  
   1. Name three early visitors to East Africa coast up to 1500 AD. (3mks)
      • Greeks
      • Chinese
      • Arabs
      • Romans
      • Persians
   2. State four factors that enabled early visitors to come to East Africa Coast. (4mks)
      • existence of monsoon winds
      • accessibility of the coast by sea
      • availability of funds for trade
      • availability of sailing vessels
      • relative peace around the coast
      • know of boat – making
      • deep harbours at the coast
8. Explain five effects of Portuguese rule in the East Africa Coast. (10mks)
   • Built fort Jesus for Defence purpose which later becomes a tourist attraction.
   • Introduced new crops
   • Harsh and cruel manner of suppressing rebellious led to loss of lives
   • Constant rebellious against the Portuguese rule interfered with trading activities leading to its decline.
   • The coastal towns that resisted their rule were destroyed and left in ruins.
   • Educated coastal people on how to use animal manure in farming and thus increased crop yields
   • Some word borrowed form Portuguese languages were used to enrich Kiswahili language
   • They imposed heavy taxation which improver shed the coastal people
   • They fostered good relation between East Africa and India.
9. Identify two methods of trade. (2mks)
   • Barter
   • Currency
10. Give four methods used to acquire slaves in West Africa during the trans- Atlantic trade. (4mks)
    • Selling of subjects by rulers
    • Raiding
    • Exchanging of people with manufactured goods
    • Kidnapping lonely
11. Give three disadvantages of motor vehicle. (3 mk)
    • Causes pollution
    • Might be expensive to mainatin
    • Traffic congestion
12. Explain five results of Trans- Atlantic trade in West Africa. (10mks)
    • It led to increased inter-tribal wars which increased insecurity – with introduction of European wars i.e. guns led to misery, suffering and disruption of family life.
    • It led to growth of kingdoms i.e Asante, Dahomey etc which controlled trade because of profits made from trade and fire arms used.
    • Led to destruction of property due to slave raids, villages were often burnt down and left in ruins
    • Decline of Trans-Saharan trade as goods were diverted towards the Trans-Atlantic trade. Also some traders shifted to Trans-Atlantic trade
    • Led to urbanization whereby towns developed along the slave markets and ports i.e. Lagos
    • It led to introduction of new goods in West Africa ie clothes, rum and glassware
    • Led to depopulation caused by capture and deportation of Africans into slavery in America, others were killed during slave raids
    • Decline of traditional industries – Africans developed a taste for European goods ie rom, clothes and glassware at expense of local ones
13. List three forms of print – Media. (3mks)
    •  Newspapers.
    •  Magazines.
    •  Books.
    •  Billboards.
    •  Posters.
    •  Flyers.
    • Catalogs.
    • Coupons.
14. Identify five uses of bronze in pre- colonial Africa. (5mk)
    • It was used to make weapons.
    • It was used to make decorations/ornaments.
    • It was used as a currency.
    • It was used for statues.
    • It was used as an item of trade.
15. Explain five factors that have promoted Industrialization in India. (10mks)
    • The existence of cottage/textile/leather industries/smelting created a firm foundation for industrial take-off.
    • Development of efficient transport and communication infrastructure has eased the movement of goods/services.
    • The introduction of banking/insurance industry which availed capital/loans/credit facilities/security/domestic borrowing.
    • The provision of technical /scientific education which has produced experts/skilled labour force in different fields.
    • Availability of different sources of energy/electricity/oil/gas which are used in industries.
    • Availability of raw materials/mineral deposits which were used in the industries.
    • The formulation of sound national development plans which gave priority to industrialization /agricultural production.
    • Existence of political stability/peace which has boosted the confidence of both local/international investors.
    • A large population in India which has created a market for industrial local goods.
    • Availability of semi-skilled! unskilled labour from the huge population supplied the personnel required in the industries.
    • Protective tariffs were imposed to enable local industries to grow.
    • Availability of funds /loans/grants from foreign governments provided the capital for development of industries.
16. Give two reasons why early urban centres in ancient Egypt developed in the Nile Valley (2mks)
    • Water from the river was used for transportation
    • Water from the river was used for domestic use/ industrial use
    • The Nile valley contained fertile soil for farming/ availability of food
    • The Nile valley had cool temperature which encouraged settlement
    • Vegetation along the river provided building materials
17. Give five factors that led to early urbanization. (5mks)
    • Existence of transport routes-Meroe/Merowe located at an intersection of transport routes.
    • Availability of water for irrigation.
    • Industrial development.
    • Commercial activities like trade-location along trade routes.
    • Strategic location which ensured security and thus ample growth e.g. Kilwa.
    • Growth of religion.
    • Mining –led to development of towns’ e.g. Meroe, Johannesburg.
18. Give five functions of Cairo. (5mks)
    • Cultural centre
    • Was a historical centre including sport and sport stadium and entertainment halls
    • Political centre
    • Transport and commercial centre
    • Industrial centre and has many manufacturing industries
    • Tourist centre, attracting more than 1.5million tourists every year
    • Is a historical centre having housed Egyptian civilization for more than 5000 years
19. Identify one reason that led to decline of Meroe.
    • Rise of Axum Kingdom which developed East Merowe denied Merowe access to the red sea causing decline in trade
20. Identify one way of becoming a Kenyan citizen. (5mk)
    • By birth/registaration
21. Give five factor that limit national unity. (5mks)
    • Unequal distribution of natural/ National resources causes imbalanced regional economic development. This causes dissatisfaction and disharmony.
    • Different religious beliefs and practices may lead to discrimination on religious grounds.
    • The practice of tribalism leads to favouring people of one’s tribe in employment and allocation of resources. This creates hatred among people.
    • Nepotism leads to use of public resources to favour one’s relatives resulting to unfair treatment of other people
    • Asking for and offering of bribes to obtain and give services violets peoples right to equal treatment/ corruption
    • Ethnic conflicts/ disputes/ clashes discourage co- operation among the Citizens
    • Racism leads to discrimination on the basis of colour/ race. This creates suspicion and hated among people.
    • Discrimination on the basis of gender denies people the right to participate equally in national development