KCSE 2014 Hindu Religious Education Paper 1 Questions with Marking Scheme

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KCSE 2014 Hindu Religious Education Paper 2 Questions with Marking Scheme

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QUESTIONS

1. Name any five elements that make up the universe with reference to Gita 7:4.(5 marks)
2. Explain ten ways of communicating with Paramatma in Sagun and Sakar form.(10 marks)
3. Describe the role of Lord Shiva as the liberator.(5 marks)
1. State five practices that Lord Mahavir observed during his life as an ascetic.(5 marks)
2. Identify the role of Lord Vishnu in Kurma Avatar(8 marks)
3. Explain the contributions of Guru Gobind Singh to Sikhism.(7 marks)
1. Identify five subjects whose knowledge is found in Atharva Veda.(5 marks)
2. Give the contents of each of the Tripitika of Buddhism.(6 marks)
3. Describe the events that led to the rescue of Sita by Lord Rama.(9 marks)
1. Explain the teachings of Purva Mimansa which are applicable to the daily life of a Hindu.(7 marks)
2. State five duties of a Sanyasi that contribute to the betterment of the society.(5 marks)
3. Describe how the principle of Satya (truth) can help in curbing corruption in Kenya.(8 marks)
1. Describe how the ritual of Pratikraman is performed by Jains.(8 marks)
2. How can the following practices of eightfold path in Buddhism reduce human suffering?
  1. Samyak Sankalp:(6 marks)
  2. Samyak Vani.(6 marks)
1. Identify the Panch Kosh of Sharir that leads to bliss.(5 marks)
2. How does the practice of Yoga Asanas lead to physical well being?(10 marks)
3. Explain Mirabai's Atma Nivedan Bhakti (total surrender) to Paramatma.(5 marks)

MARKING SHEME

1. Elements that make up the universe according to Gita 7:4
  - Prithvi - earth
  - Jal, Apa - water
  - Agni - fire
  - Vayu - air
  - Akash - space, ether
  - Buddhi - intellect, reason, logic
  - Manas - mind, mental
  - Ahamkar - ego
  - Atma - soul(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
2. Ways of communicating with Paramatma in Sagun and Sakar form
  - Puja
  - Prayer
  - Satsang
  - Katha - recitation/listening
  - Akhand Path
  - Individual prayer
  - Visit places of worship - Mandir, Derasar, Stupa, Gurudwara
  - Doing one's dharma
  - Artha - acquiring wealth for good purposes
  - Kama
  - Service to elders, priests, needy persons
  - Reading and understanding scriptures
  - Listening to religious discourses
  - Chanting, jaap, Naam Japha
  - Performing religious ceremonies
  - Fasting
  - Meditating(10 x 1 = 10 marks)
3. Role of Lord Shira as liberator
  The way to liberation is shown by:
  - doing tapas/austerities
  - detachment
  - renunciation
  - as Natraj shows total annihilation leading to a new creation
  - Ash on his body signifies mortality of body. No desires as they are burnt
  - Trishul - trident shows 3 Gunas and how to transcent them
  - Damru/drum calls for us to wake up and understand our real self
  - How to survive in spite of evil that surrounds us by containing it
  - From his attire, clothing etc, shows way to Moksha/Mukti by destroying our ego
  - Ganga flowing from his head is the river of knowledge to destroy ignorance.
  - River Ganga washes away sins.(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
1. Practices that Lord Mahavir observed during his life as an ascetic
  - tapas - austerities
  - aparigraha - non acquisition, simplicity
  - ahinsa - non violence
  - asteya - non-stealing, no temptation
  - sheel - Brahmacharya - celibacy
  - anekantvad - tolerance of other beliefs
  - satya - truth - true knowledge of soul/self
  - detachment
  - fasting
  - meditation
  - Not telling lies - living honestly(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
2. Role of Lord Vishnu in Kurma Avatar
  - Dev and Danav chrned the ocean with Mandar as a pivot.
  - It began to sink, therefore Lord Vishnu took the form of a turtle and saved the mountain from sinking.
  - This resulted in a successful churning which brought out
  - Poison
  - Laxmi
  - Treasures - Kausthale - jewels
  - Airavat - elephant
  - Kandhami
  - Amrit
  - Kalpavrux - tree
  - Parijat - flower
  - Dhanvantri - medicines
  - Horse
  - bow - weapons(8 x 1 = 8 marks)
3. Contribution of Guru Gobind Singh to Sikhism
  - Introduced miri-piri - swords to represent physical and spiritual streng
  - He trained as a solder for 22 years at Anand Pur and instilled the virtues of soldiers in others
  - Wrote several compositions, hymns, shabads
  - He introduced Jaap Sahib
  - He wrote sawaiyyas
  - He established Gurudwaras/Temples/Akal takt
  - He preached against taboos
  - He preached against caste system
  - He advised people on dress codes
  - He advised people on diet
  - He administered Amrit to Panj Pyare as his disciples
  - He founded Khalsa Panth
  - He established the tradition of five Kakkars
  - He compiled the Guru Granth Sahib
  - He declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the living Guru.
  - He introduced 'singh' for men and 'kaur' for females to give them unique identities.(7 x 1 = 7 marks)
1. Five subjects whose knowledge is found in Atharva Veda
  - medicine
  - surgery
  - astronomy
  - astrology
  - law
  - engineering
  - mathematics
  - all sciences
  - weaponry(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
2. The contents of Tripitika
  - Dhammapada - stories of Buddha
  - Vinaijpilika - social code
  - Suttapitika - shloka - worship(3 x 2 = 6 marks)
3. Events that led to the rescue of Sita by Lord Rama
  - Jatayu informed Lord Rama about Sita's abduction by Ravan - King of Lanka
  - Therefore they headed south - a definite direction
  - Kabudha advised Lord Rama to seek Sugriva's help.
  - Matang Rishi showed how to locate Sugriva on Mountain Rishyamukha
  - Hanuman carried Lord Rama and Laxman to the mountain to meet Sugreeva.
  - Sugreeva showed the jewels they had found.
  - Sugreeva sent out scounting parties to find where Sita was.
  - Sampati gave information about Sita's exact place in Lanka.
  - Hanuman located Sita in Ashok Vatika.
  - Nal, Neel, Jambvan all helped to build a bridge to cross the ocean.
  - The army of Sugreeva and his soldiers fought along Rama to defeat Ravan and his soldiers/team.
  - Rama met Sita and rescued her.(9 x 1 = 9 marks)
1. Teachings of Purva Mimansa as applicable to the daily life of a Hindu
  Purva Mimasa is written by Jaimini Rishi and it advises:
  - to do/perform rites and rituals to attain specific desire e.g. to fast
  - to recite mantras for a specific time
  - to abstain from alcohol, drug, sex
  - to perform havan
  - to pray on a daily basis
  - to perform the five yagna - Den yagna
  - manushya yagna
  - Bhut yagna
  - Athithi yagna
  - Pitru yagna
  - to repent for bad deeds
  - not to be tempted
  - not to be angry
  - to have righteous living
  - to have right action by thoughts, deeds and action(7 x 1 = 7 marks)
2. Five duties of a Sanyasi for the betterment of society
  - to spread knowledge by giving religious discourses
  - to set an example how to live a simple life.
  - to show how to slowly give up worldly pleasures and
  - aparigraha
  - to accept all without any barriers of caste, creed and religious
  - to promote ethics
  - to promote morals and teach how to desist evil habits like alcoholism
  - to persevere in spite of criticism and difficulties.(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
3. How the principle of Satya helps in curbing corruption in Kenya
  - to be true to one's own self
  - to accept one's own wrong doing and accept punishment for any breaking of law - not bride to escape punishment.
  - to lead an honest life so as not to need more than necessary for living so not take bribes
  - accept one's own limitations and work accordingly.
  - professionally do one's job honestly and truthfully and to one's best ability
  - a judge will judge without being influenced by bribes
  - a president will rule without bias and dishonesty
  - teachers will teach and help weak students without charging fees
  - officers in public services will deliver without taking bribes.
  - traders will keep profit margins reasonable
  - no food stuffs will be adulterated
  - not to take/accept anything that is not earned.(8 x 1 = 8 marks)
1. How the ritual of Pratikraman is performed by Jains
  - All devotees get together and take their asanas.
  - The recite Naukar mantra soundlessly/silently.
  - They listen to the religious discourse based on a scripture.
  - They meditate and reflect on their deeds.
  - They repent on any wrong doing and ask for forgiveness from the soul they have hurt knowingly and unknowingly.
  - They then pray for universal peace and reverence for life.
  - They carry their own asana - mat also a whisk to wave before the scripture.
  - The ritual lasts for 2 hours.
  - They recite stavans.
  - The ritual ends with Naukar Mantra recitation.
  - Pratikraman is a congregational prayer conducted by a presiding person. (8 x 1 = 8 marks)
2. How the practice of Samyak Van and Samyak Sankalpa help reduce human suffering
  1. Samyak Vani / Right speech
    - To speak word that please
    - avoid speech that hurts to the listener
    - avoid using harsh words
    - shun gossip and rumour mongering
    - can criticize positively and considerately
    - avoid grumbling
    - speak clearly
    - avoid speaking when angry
    - shun abusive and derogatory words avoid idle chatter flattery/back biting(6 x1 = 6 marks)
  2. Samyak Sankalpa / Right aspirations / ambition
    - is done to achieve aims
    - to desire for goals suited to one's own talent/ aptitude and circumstances
    - to help others within one's limits.
    - to assist one to go towards Nirvana by practicing religion and religious practices
    - to have firm convictions and follow the way of Dhamma
    - make resolutions
    - frees mind of negative vices/ traits
    - leads to doing good deeds.(6 x 1 = 6 marks)
1. The panch kosh of a Shariv that lead to bliss
  - annamaya - food
  - pranamaya - breath
  - manomaya - mind
  - vijnamaya - intellect
  - anandmaya - bliss(5 x 1 = 5 marks)
2. Practices of Yoga asanas lead to physical well being
  - Breathing becomes regulated
  - Breathing becomes deep -
  - blood and oxygen reach all parts of body
  - All systems - circulation
  - digestive
  - respiratory
  - excretory are improved
  - Muscles are toned
  - Weight is controlled
  - Body becomes flexible
  - Health improves
  - Immunity increases
  - Posture improves
  - Sex life improves.(10 x 1 = 10 marks)
3. Mira Bai's Atma Nivedan Bhakti (total surrender) to Pramatma
  - She drank the posion sent by Rana - with total trust in God - and was not harmed
  - She accepted the garland of flowers - that was a snake changed to a garland by her total surrender to God.
  - She devoted all her time and attention to Krishna.
  - She accepted all circumstances as Krishna's wish.
  - She accepted expulsion from the palace - from a life of a queen to an ordinary person.
  - She danced and sang in front of Lord Krishna's murti without any fear of the society.
  - Her bhajans that she composed show her total dedication, devotion and love for Krishna.(5 x 1 = 5 marks)