English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Lanjet Joint Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to students

• Answer all questions 
• Candidates must answer all questions in English

1. COMPREHENSION
   Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. (20marks)
   The career market is full of opportunities. Gone are the days when we had ‘either … or’ career choices. The times when women, for example, chose between only nursing, teaching and secretarial work are long gone. The explosion in communication technology, and the liberalization and globalizations of the world economy, has ensured that there is no longer a dearth of career choice. Today, colleges and universities offer a wide range of training opportunities to high school graduates. This has made choosing a career an involving process. It has also given rise to the need for career counseling.
   
   When choosing a career, whether you have the help of a career counselor or not, there are several factors that you should consider. These include your abilities or talents, your interests, your priorities, and the available opportunities in the job market.
   
   The skills required in a particular career and the ability to gain them though education must be considered when choosing careers. Becoming a doctor, for instance, requires extensive education and training, and many years of educational commitment. In addition to the compulsory subjects, the academic background required for this career is good grades in chemistry and biology at secondary school level. If your ability in these subjects is just average, you would be overstretching your luck to enroll for a Bachelor of Medicine course. In the past, students have chosen to pursue training in engineering, even when their ability to handle physics and mathematics was low. This, in many cases, has made them drop out of the class mid-course. The waste of time and resources would have been avoided if they had considered a career that did not require the ability to handle mathematics and physics well.
   
   There are times when people have been driven to choose a particular career because of the salary and prestige associated with jobs in that field. At times, the desire to take certain courses comes from within the individual, but most times, individuals feel pressured by peers or family to take certain courses. Joining a career in which you have no interest is a recipe for a dull life since you will spend most of your working hours doing something you do not like. Your career does not necessarily have to be your passion, but it should not bore you to death either. You can work out your interests by identifying the subjects you enjoy most at school, or the topics that are of interest to you and for which you take the initiative to read on your own.
   
   It is true that many young people are attracted more by the social mobility that the job might provide than by their interest in the career. However, research has found that money does not play as big a role in job satisfaction as many people think. Of course we all have to make a living, but if you do not like your job, it does not matter how much you get paid to do it. What does matter is how well a career choice matches your values. If you value variety, collaboration and creativity, for example, you would not find job satisfaction in a career where you are working alone and doing the same thing every day.
   
   The availability of jobs in a particular field should also be a factor in choosing a career. This should be considered alongside the skills and education sought in a given field. Most times, highly competitive fields require more education but may not pay well. When there are many applicants for a particular position, unique personality traits become added benefit. However, in fields where there are fewer applicants than the positions available, the pay may be more and the job may require less education.
   
   Nevertheless, one should not be discouraged by the scarcity of employment positions because institutions of higher learning now emphasize that they are not simply training people to get out and look for jobs. They are training people to get out and create jobs.
   
   Therefore, the availability of job opportunities is not necessarily limited to the presence of employers. It also encompasses opportunities for self-employment which everyone is free to explore.
   Questions
   1. What has created the necessity for career counseling? (1 mark)
   2. Why do you think the writer cites engineering in the passage? (2 marks)
   3. What do you think should be the most important factor in choosing a career? Give reason for your answer. (2 marks)
   4. What evidence is given in support of the statement “Money does not play a big a role in job satisfaction”? (2 marks)
   5. Why is one’s ability an important factor in career choices? (2 marks)
   6. Identify the tone used by the writer in the passage. (3 marks
   7.  
      1. The career market is full of many opportunities. (Begin: There … ) (1 mark)
      2. Your career does not necessarily have to be your passion. (Re-write adding a question tag) (1 mark)
   8. Make notes on factors to consider when choosing a career. (3 marks)
   9. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (3 marks)
      1. Dearth
      2. Social mobility
      3. Collaboration
2. EXCERPT
   Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow. (25 marks)
   Helmer: That’s right, Mrs Linde
   Mrs Linde: Good night, Mr Helmer.
   Helmer: (accompanying her to the door) Goodnight, goodnight, I hope you will get home alright. I should be very happy to – but you haven’t any great distance to go. Goodnight, goodnight. (She goes out; he shuts the door after her, and comes in again) Ah! – At last we have got rid of her. She is a frightful bore, that woman.
   Nora: Aren’t you very tired, Torvald?
   Helmer: No, not in the least.
   Nora: Nor sleepy?
   Helmer: Not a bit. On the contrary, I feel extraordinarily lively. And you? – You really look both tired and sleepy.
   Nora: Yes, I am very tired. I want to go to sleep at once.
   Helmer: (Kissing her on the forehead) Now my little skylark is speaking reasonably. Did you notice what good spirits Rank was in this evening?
   Nora: Really? Was he? I didn’t speak to him at all.
   Helmer: And I very little, but I have not for a long time seen him in such good form. (Looks for a while at her and then goes nearer to her) It is delightful to be at home by ourselves again, to be all alone with you – you fascinating, charming little darling!
   Nora: Don’t look at me like that, Torvald.
   Helmer: Why shouldn’t I look at my dearest treasure? – at all the beauty that is mine, all my very own?
   Nora: (going to the other side of the table.) You mustn’t say things like that to me tonight.
   Helmer: (following her.) You have still got the Tarantella in your blood, I see. And it makes you more captivating than ever. Listen – the guests are beginning to go now. (In a lower voice) – Soon the whole house will be quiet.
   Nora: Yes, I hope so.
   Questions
   1. What had happened just before the events in this excerpt? (3 marks)
   2. “She is a frightful bore, that woman.” Describe the attitude of Helmer towards Mrs Linde as revealed in these words. (3 marks)
   3. Comment on Helmer’s character traits as evidenced in the excerpt. (4 marks)
   4. “Everything you do is quite right.” What do we learn from this statement about the relationship between Helmer and Nora? (3 marks)
   5. Identify and illustrate one theme evident in this excerpt. (2 marks)
   6. Describe two instances in the rest of the play which show that Helmer thinks of Nora as a child. (4 marks)
   7. “I want to go to sleep at once.” (Rewrite in reported speech) (1 mark)
   8. Identify and illustrate one device of style used in this excerpt. (2 marks
   9. What happened immediately after the events in this excerpt? (3 marks)
3. ORAL LITERATURE
   Read the following oral narrative and then answer the questions that follow. (20 marks)
   Wanjiru was the most beautiful girl in all hills. She had milk-white teeth which made the men stop and look whenever Wanjiru and other girls of the hills were teasing each other about their new friends. Many young men came to ask Wanjiru hand in marriage but Wanjiru would not accept any ugly man. She said that all these young men were not handsome enough for her.
   
   One day a young man came to court Wanjiru. He was very handsome indeed. And when Wanjiru heard that he had come to ask for her hand in marriage, she loved him and was only too ready to accept him. Her parents had no objection because they also admired this handsome young man. But nobody knew that this handsome young man was an ogre in disguise.
   
   Marriage preparations went ahead. The young man brought the dowry and was given Wanjiru to take to his home. He looked very happy to have such a beautiful bride. Nobody escorted them because the young man said that it was not necessary. He did not want his identity to be discovered. They were soon home and Wanjiru was happy to see so many people around. But on a second look she found that these were not people but ogres. This made her very worried and wondered what her fate would be. Now when she was told to go inside the hut that had been prepared for her, she refused, saying that she would sit outside near the entrance because that is where brides were supposed to sit in her part of the country. Her husband gave her a stool and told her she would sit where she pleased. “I shall surely be in great trouble unless I think quickly, for these ogres will certainly want to eat me,” she thought as she became more worried. All the young people she refused to marry came to her mind. “It will be a great shame when they learn that I married an ogre for his beauty”. They would laugh and say that she could even marry a hyena if he was handsome enough. There was no time to lose. She had to get away from the ogre’s home. She stood and took the same path that they followed from her home. And when her husband saw that she was going away, he followed singing.
   Thecethecethecethece!
   Where do you go now?
   Thecethecethecethece!
   Wanjiru come back
   Not today but tomorrow I shall eat you.
   Wanjiru sang loud and long
   People of the nine hills
   Who sold me to an ogre?
   An ogre that will eat me
   And my own father
   You sold me to an ogre
   An ogre that will eat me,
   Listen to the ogre sing!
   
   The ogre sang and the girl sang again. For a long time the two sang and sang until Wanjiru saw the ogre was very near. She climbed to the top of the tallest tree near her path. And when the Ogre saw that he could not get hold of the girl, he stood at the foot of the tree and continued with this song. Wanjiru sang even more feverishly. Soon however, her brother heard and recognized Wanjiru’s voice. It was then he came and pierced through the back of the ogre until he was dead. Then he said to his sister. “Come down. Let us go home.”
   
   He was very angry, for they had sold Wanjiru in his absence. To be duped by an ogre into giving away Wanjiru was unforgivable. He scolded his father, “How could you and your people sell Wanjiru in my absence? I swear by my mother’s clothes that neither myself nor anybody else will ever sell Wanjiru again. “Only you son who will have the authority of selling your sister again”, the father responded. And so it was like that when the time for selling Wanjiru came. The tale ends there.
   Questions
   1. Identify and illustrate any two features of oral narratives evident in the above narrative. (2 marks)
   2. What made men stop and look at Wanjiru and why wouldn’t she accept any of them? (2 marks)
   3. From the first paragraph, how would you describe the character of Wanjiru? (2 marks)
   4. Many young men came to ask Wanjiru’s hand in marriage but Wanjiru would not accept any ugly man. (Rewrite this sentence in the passive). (2 marks)
   5. Give a proverb that summarizes the moral lesson learnt from this narrative. (1 marks)
   6. What are the functions of the song in this narrative? (2 mark)
   7. Give a social activity of people from which this narrative is derived. (2 marks)
   8. ‘I swear by my mother’s clothes that neither myself nor anybody else will ever sell Wanjiru again’ (Underline the indefinite pronoun in the sentence above) (1 mark)
   9. What is Wanjiru’s attitude towards men? (2 marks)
   10. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the narrative. (2 marks)
       1. Court
       2. Feverishly
   11. To which audience is this narrative best suited and why? (2 marks)
4. GRAMMAR
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given. Do not change the meaning. (3 marks)
      1. They were so exhausted that they could not stay awake. (Rewrite using “too”)
      2. It is bad manners to smoke in a crowded place. (Rewrite using a gerund)
      3. “How much money do you owe me?” demanded the creditor from the debtor. (Rewrite in the passive voice)
   2. Complete the following sentences with a phrasal verb starting with the word in brackets. (3 marks)
      1. The teacher ……………….. the errant student. (tell)
      2. Please ……………….. that all the chairs are in good condition. (see)
      3. She looked carefully at the document but couldn’t ……………….. what it meant. (make)
   3. Fill in the blank spaces using the correct form of the word in brackets. (3 marks)
      1. The criminal’s ……………….. behavior in court angered the judge. (scandal)
      2. The students ……………….. assistance from the police after the attack. (seek)
      3. The ……………….. of the staff has been a matter of concern. (sober)
   4. Insert the most appropriate prepositions in the blank space. (3 marks)
      1. Traffic was moving ……………….. a snail’s pace.
      2. Please refrain ……………….. smoking in the auditorium.
      3. Some people are keen ……………….. working in a team.
   5. Supply the appropriate question tags in the blank spaces. (3 marks)
      1. We needn’t worry about tomorrow, …………………...?
      2. Let me have a taste, ……………………..?
      3. They’ll come early in the morning, …………………..?

                                                                       MARKING SCHEME

1. COMPREHENSION
   Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. (20mks)
   The career market is full of opportunities. Gone are the days when we had ‘either … or’ career choices. The times when women, for example, chose between only nursing, teaching and secretarial work are long gone. The explosion in communication technology, and the liberalization and globalizations of the world economy, has ensured that there is no longer a dearth of career choice. Today, colleges and universities offer a wide range of training opportunities to high school graduates. This has made choosing a career an involving process. It has also given rise to the need for career counseling.
   
   When choosing a career, whether you have the help of a career counselor or not, there are several factors that you should consider. These include your abilities or talents, your interests, your priorities, and the available opportunities in the job market.
   
   The skills required in a particular career and the ability to gain them though education must be considered when choosing careers. Becoming a doctor, for instance, requires extensive education and training, and many years of educational commitment. In addition to the compulsory subjects, the academic background required for this career is good grades in chemistry and biology at secondary school level. If your ability in these subjects is just average, you would be overstretching your luck to enroll for a Bachelor of Medicine course. In the past, students have chosen to pursue training in engineering, even when their ability to handle physics and mathematics was low. This, in many cases has made them drop out of the class mid-course. The waste of time and resources would have been avoided if they had considered a career that did not require the ability to handle mathematics and physics well.
   
   There are times when people have been driven to choose a particular career because of the salary and prestige associated with jobs in that field. At times, the desire to take certain courses comes from within the individual, but most times, individuals feel pressured by peers or family to take certain courses. Joining a career in which you have no interest is a recipe for a dull life since you will spend most of your working hours doing something you do not like. Your career does not necessarily have to be your passion, but it should not bore you to death either. You can work out your interests by identifying the subjects you enjoy most at school, or the topics that are of interest to you and for which you take the initiative to read on your own.
   
   It is true that many young people are attracted more by the social mobility that the job might provide than by their interest in the career. However, research has found that money does not play as big a role in job satisfaction as many people think. Of course we all have to make a living, but if you do not like your job, it does not matter how much you get paid to do it. What does matter is how well a career choice matches your values. If you value variety, collaboration and creativity, for example, you would not find job satisfaction in a career where you are working alone and doing the same thing every day.
   
   The availability of jobs in a particular field should also be a factor in choosing a career. This should be considered alongside the skills and education sought in a given field. Most times, highly competitive fields require more education but may not pay well. When there are many applicants for a particular position, unique personality traits become added benefit. However, in fields where there are fewer applicants than the positions available, the pay may be more and the job may require less education.
   
   Nevertheless, one should not be discouraged by the scarcity of employment positions because institutions of higher learning now emphasize that they are not simply training people to get out and look for jobs. They are training people to get out and create jobs.
   
   Therefore, the availability of job opportunities is not necessarily limited to the presence of employers. It also encompasses opportunities for self-employment which everyone is free to explore.
   Questions
   1. What has created the necessity for career counseling? (1 mark)
      • College and universities offer a wide range of training to high school graduates and that has made choosing a career an involving process.
   2. Why do you think the writer cites engineering in the passage? (2 marks)
      • To illustrate the need for students to assess their potential especially in practical subjects before choosing a career.
   3. What do you think should be the most important factor in choosing a career? Give reason for your answer. (2 marks)
      • Ability/interest- this will determine which subjects you enjoy most in school and will lead you to the job you like doing.
   4. What evidence is given in support of the statement “Money does not play a big a role in job satisfaction”? (2 marks)
      • Research has found that money doesn’t play a big role in job satisfaction. If you do not like your job it does not matter how much you get paid to do it.
   5. Why is one’s ability an important factor in career choices? (2 marks)
      • Lack of ability may lead to waste of time and resources when a person drops out of a class mid-course.
   6. Identify the tone used by the writer in the passage. (3 marks)
      • Advisory tone- the writer is offering advice on how to go about career choices.
   7.  
      1. The career market is full of many opportunities. (Begin: There … ) (1 mark)
         • There are many opportunities in the career market.
      2. Your career does not necessarily have to be your passion. (Re-write adding a question tag)
         • does it? (1 mark)
   8. Make notes on factors to consider when choosing a career. (3 marks)
      • Abilities or talents
      • Your interests
      • The available opportunities
      • Skills required in a particular career
      • The ability to gain those skills through education.
      • The availability of jobs in a particular field.
   9. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (3 marks)
      1. Dearth - shortage/lack of
      2. Social mobility - improved status in society ladder
      3. Collaboration - cooperations
2. EXCERPT
   Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow.
   Helmer: That’s right, Mrs Linde
   Mrs Linde: Good night, Mr Helmer.
   Helmer: (accompanying her to the door) Goodnight, goodnight, I hope you will get home alright. I should be very happy to – but you haven’t any great distance to go. Goodnight, goodnight. (She goes out; he shuts the door after her, and comes in again) Ah! – At last we have got rid of her. She is a frightful bore, that woman.
   Nora: Aren’t you very tired, Torvald?
   Helmer: No, not in the least.
   Nora: Nor sleepy?
   Helmer: Not a bit. On the contrary, I feel extraordinarily lively. And you? – You really look both tired and sleepy.
   Nora: Yes, I am very tired. I want to go to sleep at once.
   Helmer: (Kissing her on the forehead) Now my little skylark is speaking reasonably. Did you notice what good spirits Rank was in this evening?
   Nora: Really? Was he? I didn’t speak to him at all.
   Helmer: And I very little, but I have not for a long time seen him in such good form. (Looks for a while at her and then goes nearer to her) It is delightful to be at home by ourselves again, to be all alone with you – you fascinating, charming little darling!
   Nora: Don’t look at me like that, Torvald.
   Helmer: Why shouldn’t I look at my dearest treasure? – at all the beauty that is mine, all my very own?
   Nora: (going to the other side of the table.) You mustn’t say things like that to me tonight.
   Helmer: (following her.) You have still got the Tarantella in your blood, I see. And it makes you more captivating than ever. Listen – the guests are beginning to go now. (In a lower voice) – Soon the whole house will be quiet.
   Nora: Yes, I hope so.
   Questions
   1. What had happened just before the events in this excerpt? (3 marks)
      • Nora and Torvald have just come from the fancy dress ball wher Nora had danced the tarantella.
      • They meet Mrs Linde
      • Torvald teaches Mrs Linde how to embroider, and Mrs Linde bids Nora goodnight.  (1 mark each, total 3 marks)
   2. “She is a frightful bore, that woman.” Describe the attitude of Helmer towards Mrs Linde as revealed in these words. (3 marks)
      • Dismissive/hateful/contemptuous/disgustful- it shows that he would not welcome her into his house.
   3. Comment on Helmer’s character traits as evidenced in the excerpt. (4 marks)
      • Romantic-“why shouldn’t I look at my dearest treasure? –at all the beauty that is mine
      • Hateful- She is a frightful bore, that woman
      • Hypocritical- I should be very happy to –
   4. “Everything you do is quite right.” What do we learn from this statement about the relationship between Helmer and Nora? (3 marks)
      • Submissive/master-servant/parent-child relationship where Nora looks up to Torvald, who in turn treats her condenscendingly.
   5. Identify and illustrate one theme evident in this excerpt. (2 marks)
      • Love- rather than the love between a wife and a husband, it is more of a parent-child relationship, for example, Torvald refers to Nora as ‘my little skylark’ ‘little darling’
      • Hypocrisy/Insincerity- Torvald bids Mrs Linde goodnight only to talk ill of her moment later.
      • Place of a woman in marriage- women are seen as property, toys or playthings.
   6. Describe two instances in the rest of the play which show that Helmer thinks of Nora as a child. (4 marks)
      • In Act 1, he refers to Nora as my little squirrel, my little spendthrift.
        “Still on must take you as you are it is in the blood.”
   7. “I want to go to sleep at once.” (Rewrite in reported speech) (1 mark)
      • Nora said that she wanted to go to sleep at once.
   8. Identify and illustrate one device of style used in this excerpt. (2 marks)
      • Metaphor- my little skylark
   9. What happened immediately after the events in this excerpt? (3 marks)
      • Torvald explains to Nora that he speaks little to her keeps away from her to enhance the love between them.
      • A knock is heard at the door.
      • Dr Rank comes in.
3. ORAL LITERATURE
   Read the following oral narrative and then answer the questions that follow.
   Wanjiru was the most beautiful girl in all hills. She had milk-white teeth which made the men stop and look whenever Wanjiru and other girls of the hills were teasing each other about their new friends. Many young men came to ask Wanjiru hand in marriage but Wanjiru would not accept any ugly man. She said that all these young men were not handsome enough for her.
   
   One day a young man came to court Wanjiru. He was very handsome indeed. And when Wanjiru heard that he had come to ask for her hand in marriage, she loved him and was only too ready to accept him. Her parents had no objection because they also admired this handsome young man. But nobody knew that this handsome young man was an ogre in disguise.
   
   Marriage preparations went ahead. The young man brought the dowry and was given Wanjiru to take to his home. He looked very happy to have such a beautiful bride. Nobody escorted them because the young man said that it was not necessary. He did not want his identity to be discovered. They were soon home and Wanjiru was happy to see so many people around. But on a second look she found that these were not people but ogres. This made her very worried and wondered what her fate would be. Now when she was told to go inside the hut that had been prepared for her, she refused, saying that she would sit outside near the entrance because that is where brides were supposed to sit in her part of the country. Her husband gave her a stool and told her she would sit where she pleased. “I shall surely be in great trouble unless I think quickly, for these ogres will certainly want to eat me,” she thought as she became more worried. All the young people she refused to marry came to her mind. “It will be a great shame when they learn that I married an ogre for his beauty”. They would laugh and say that she could even marry a hyena if he was handsome enough. There was no time to lose. She had to get away from the ogre’s home. She stood and took the same path that they followed from her home. And when her husband saw that she was going away, he followed singing.
   
   Thecethecethecethece!
   Where do you go now?
   Thecethecethecethece!
   Wanjiru come back
   Not today but tomorrow I shall eat you.
   Wanjiru sang loud and long
   People of the nine hills
   Who sold me to an ogre?
   An ogre that will eat me
   And my own father
   You sold me to an ogre
   An ogre that will eat me,
   Listen to the ogre sing!
   
   The ogre sang and the girl sang again. For a long time the two sang and sang until Wanjiru saw the ogre was very near. She climbed to the top of the tallest tree near her path. And when the Ogre saw that he could not get hold of the girl, he stood at the foot of the tree and continued with this song. Wanjiru sang even more feverishly. Soon however, her brother heard and recognized Wanjiru’s voice. It was then he came and pierced through the back of the ogre until he was dead. Then he said to his sister. “Come down. Let us go home.”
   
   He was very angry, for they had sold Wanjiru in his absence. To be duped by an ogre into giving away Wanjiru was unforgivable. He scolded his father, “How could you and your people sell Wanjiru in my absence? I swear by my mother’s clothes that neither myself nor anybody else will ever sell Wanjiru again. “Only you son who will have the authority of selling your sister again”, the father responded. And so it was like that when the time for selling Wanjiru came. The tale ends there.
   Questions
   1. Identify and illustrate any two features of oral narratives evident in the above narrative.
      • Dialogue “How could you and your people sell Wanjiru in my absence?
      • Closing formula The tale ends there
      • Song Thecethecethecethece!
      • Timelessness, Fantasy ½ identification ½ illustration
   2. What made men stop and look at Wanjiru and why wouldn’t she accept any of them?
      • Wanjiru’s milk white teeth✔ she said the men were not handsome enough for her✔
   3. From the first paragraph, how would you describe the character of Wanjiru? (2 marks)
      • Proud ✔1 she would not agree to be married by an ugly man. ✔ (2mks)
        Identification 1 Illustration 1
   4. Many young men came to ask Wanjiru’s hand in marriage but Wanjiru would not accept any ugly man. (Rewrite this sentence in the passive). (2 marks)
      • Wanjiru’s hand in marriage was asked for (by many young men) but no ugly man would be accepted by her.
   5. Give a proverb that summarizes the moral lesson learnt from this narrative. (1 mark)
      • Don’t judge a book by its cover✔ or Pride comes before a fall ✔ or Not all that glitters is gold ✔
        (Students must give a fixed form of the proverbs to score.)
   6. What are the functions of the song in this narrative? (1 mark)
      • To pass the message that Wanjiru is in danger✔and to break monotony of narration✔1
   7. Give a social activity of people from which this narrative is derived. (2 marks)
      • Marriage – as was done for Wanjiru✔
      • Payment of dowry – Wanjiru’s father received dowry from the Ogre.
   8. ‘I swear by my mother’s clothes that neither myself nor anybody else will ever sell Wanjiru again’ (Underline the indefinite pronoun in the sentence above) (1 mark)
   9. What is Wanjiru’s attitude towards men? (2 marks)
      • Spiteful✔ - she looks down on the men asking for her hand in marriage✔
   10. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the narrative. (2 marks)
       1. Court - ask for hand in marriage
       2. Feverishly - emotionally
   11. To which audience is this narrative best suited and why? (2 marks)
       • Young girls especially those looking for suitors✔ 1 to caution them not to judge men by their appearance ✔
4. GRAMMAR
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given. Do not change the meaning.
      1. They were so exhausted that they could not stay awake. (Rewrite using “too”)
         • They were too exhausted to stay awake.
      2. It is bad manners to smoke in a crowded place. (Rewrite using a gerund)
         • Smoking in a crowded place is bad manners.
      3. “How much money do you owe me?” demanded the creditor from the debtor. (Rewrite in the passive voice)
         • The creditor demanded to know how much money the debtor owed him/her.
   2. Complete the following sentences with a phrasal verb starting with the word in brackets.
      1. The teacher _____told off__________ the errant student. (tell)
      2. Please _____see to it________ that all the chairs are in good condition. (see)
      3. She looked carefully at the document but couldn’t __make out_ what it meant. (make)
   3. Fill in the blank spaces using the correct form of the word in brackets.
      1. The criminal’s ____scandalous_______ behavior in court angered the judge. (scandal)
      2. The students ____sought_____ assistance from the police after the attack. (seek)
      3. The _____sobriety________ of the staff has been a matter of concern. (sober)
   4. Insert the most appropriate prepositions in the blank space.
      1. Traffic was moving _____at______ a snail’s pace.
      2. Please refrain ____from_____ smoking in the auditorium.
      3. Some people are keen ____on_____ working in a team.
   5. Supply the appropriate question tags in the blank spaces.
      1. We needn’t worry about tomorrow, ________need we__________?
      2. Let me have a taste, ____shall I__________?
      3. They’ll come early in the morning, ______won’t they____________?