History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Lanjet Joint Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to Candidates

• This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.

                                                                                        SECTION A (25marks)

1. Name the original inhabitants of Kenya during the colonial period. (1mark)
2. Identify one pre-historic site in Kenya where remains of Ramapithecus were found (1mark)
3. Give two environmental reason for the migration of the Luo community in Kenya (2 marks)
4. Name the two winds that were used by the early visitors to and from the East African coast up to 1500 AD (2 marks)
5. Identify two social problems facing Nairobi as a modern urban Centre (2 marks)
6. Outline two political responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen (2 marks)
7. Identify any two groups in charge of monitoring the observation of human rights in Kenya. (2 marks)
8. Give the main significance of the repeal of section 2A of the Kenyan constitution in 1991. (1mark)
9. Name the treaty that marked the end of partition of East Africa (1mark)
10. State the main recommendation of the Lyttleton constitution of 1954 in Kenya. (1mark)
11. Which education commission in Kenya recommended the establishment of 8-4-4 system? (1mark)
12. Give the main reason for convening the second Lancaster House Conference (1mark)
13. Who is the Chief Legal advisor of the National Government in Kenya (1mark)
14. Name the two categories of the members of National Assembly (2 marks)
15. What was the immediate cause of the declaration of state of emergency in Kenya on 20th October 1952? (1mark)
16. Name two types of land tenure systems/hand holdings in Kenya (2 marks)
17. Identify any two types of revenue funds created by 2010 constitution. (2 marks)
    
                                                                                            SECTION B (45marks)
                                                                          Answer any three questions from this section
18.  
    1. Outline five social results of migration of the Bantu community (5 marks)
    2. Explain the political organization of the Somali community during the pre-colonial period  (10 marks)
19.  
    1. Give five sources of information on contact between East African Coast and outside world  (5 marks)
    2. Explain five impacts of Indian Ocean trade on the people of East African Coast (10 marks)
20.  
    1. Outline three roles of the trade union movements in Kenya during the colonial period (3 marks)
    2. Explain six problems faced by early political parties in Kenya from 1919 – 1939 (12 marks)
21.  
    1. Identify three demands raised by the African Elected members organization (AEMO) to the colonial secretary in 1957 (3 marks)
    2. Explain six social results of national philosophies in Kenya (6 marks)
       
                                                                                       SECTION C (30marks)
                                                                     Answer any two questions from this section
22.  
    1. State three rights of arrested persons (3 marks)
    2. Explain six factors promote national unity in Kenya (12 marks)
23.  
    1. Outline three reasons that may lead to a by-election in Kenya (3 marks)
    2. Explain six roles of the National Assembly (12 marks)
24.  
    1. State three advantages of Devolution in Kenya (3 marks)
    2. Explain six sources of revenue for county governments in Kenya. (12 marks)

                                                                                 MARKING SCHEME

                                                                                                 SECTION A

1. Name the original inhabitants of Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
   • The Khoisan stock
2. Identify one pre-historic site in Kenya where remains of Ramapithecus were found (1mk)
   • Fort Ternan near Kericho
   • Samburu Hills near lake Baringo
3. Give one environmental reason for the migration of the community bantu in Kenya (1mk)
   • Outbreak of pest and diseases
   • Natural calamities such as drought & famine
4. Name the two winds that were used by the early visitors to and from the East African coast up to 1500 AD (2Marks)
   • North East Monsoon wind
   • South West Monsoon wind
5. Identify two social problems facing Nairobi as a modern urban Centre (2Marks)
   • Inadequate housing
   • High crime rate
6. Outline two political responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen (2Marks)
   • Kenyan citizens should exercise their democratic rights through voting or contesting for various positions
   • They should participate/contribute in political debates
   • Should respect human rights
7. Identify any two groups in charge of monitoring the observation of human rights in Kenya (2Marks)
   • The Kenya Police
   • Lawyers and Judges
   • Religious organizations
   • Trade union movements
   • Journalists
8. Give the main significance of the repeal of section 2A of the Kenyan constitution in 1991 (1mk)
   • It made Kenya a multi-party state
9. Name the treaty that marked the end of partition of East Africa (1mk)
   • The second Anglo-German treaty
   • Heligoland treaty
10. State the main recommendation of the Lyttleton constitution of 1954 in Kenya (1mk)
    • It recommended for creation of a multi-racial council of ministers
11. Which education commission in Kenya recommended the establishment of 8-4-4 system (1mk)
    • The Mackay commission
12. Give the main reason for convening the second Lancaster House Conference (1mk)
    • To draft the independence constitution
13. Who is the Chief Legal advisor of the National Government in Kenya (1mk)
    • The Attorney General
14. Name the two categories of members of National Assembly
    • Elected members
    • Nominated members
15. What was the immediate cause of declaration of state of emergency on 20th October 1952. (1mk)
    • The murder of Senior Chief Waruhiu Wa Kung’u
16. Name two types of land tenure systems/hand holding in Kenya (2Marks)
    • Private land
    • Public land
    • Communal land
17. Identify any two types of revenue funds created by 2010 constitution. (2Marks)
    • Contingencies fund
    • Revenue fund
    • Equalization fund
    • Consolidated fund
                                                                                        SECTION B
18.  
    1. Outline five social results of migration of the Bantu community (5Marks)
       • Their migration resulted to population increase in the region that they finally settled at
       • It led to intermarriage between Bantu and other communities
       • It led to increased inter-community conflict with other communities e.g the Oromo and Luo
       • It increased cultural interaction/exchange between Bantu with other communities e.g circumcision from Cushites
       • It led to displacement of other communities e.g Abagusii were displaced by Luo
    2. Explain the political organization of the Somali community during the pre-colonial period      (10Marks)
       • The family was the smallest social institution
       • Several related families joined to form a clan which claimed common ancestral lineage
       • Somali believed in the existence of a supreme being called Waq who was worshipped as the sole creator of the universe.
       • They had religious leaders (priests) who acted as mediators between people and gods
       • Somalis were later converted into Islam
       • Marriage was polygamous and exogamous in nature
       • Work was divided according to gender and age
       • Education was informal and was passed from one generation to another through apprenticeship
19.  
    1. Give five resources of information on contact between East African Coast and outside world   (5Marks)
       • Periplus of Erythrean sea
       • Ptolemys Geography
       • Christian topography
       • The Greco – Roman documentaryDocuments of Arab merchants even as Ibin Batuta and Al-masudi
       • Swahili chronicles
       • Other archaeological sources such as;
         1. Remains of Chinese coins
         2. Remains of Chinese ship wreck
         3. Remains of Chinese pottery
         4. Remains of Iron tools
         5. Remains of pottery
    2. Explain five impacts of Indian Ocean trade on the people of East African Coast (10Marks)
       • Intermarriage between East African communities and the Arabs
       • Spread of Islamic religion
       • Emergency of Swahili language and community
       • Growthy of coastal city states
       • Destruction of wildlife
       • Decrease of African population due to slavery
       • Introduction of new crops such as millet, rice, wheat and cloves
       • Emergence of wealthy class of people
       • Decline of cottage industries
20.  
    1. Outline three roles of the trade union movements in Kenya during the colonial period (3mks)
       • They acted as training ground for future leaders
       • They collectively bargained for the improvement of workers’ rights
       • They promoted cooperation between employers, employees and the government
       • They kept the spirit of rationalism alive after the ban of political parties.
    2.  Explain six problems faced by early political parties in Kenya from 1919 – 1939 (12mks)
       • They suffered from harassment by the colonial government who constantly arrested and dispersed them from their demonstrations
       • They experienced leadership wrangles which at times led to division of some of them
       • They were ethnically based and they therefore did not have national outlook
       • Inadequate funds to ran their operations
       • They were banned by the colonial governments
       • They experienced division/disunity as most of them were ethnically based
21.  
    1. Identify three demands raised by the African Elected members organization (AEMO) to the colonial secretary in 1957 (3mks)
       • They demanded for end of state of emergency
       • Extension of voting right for all Africans above 21 years regardless of their education income or property
       • They demanded for opening up of white highlands for all races
       • They demanded for more seats of Africans in British Legislative Council
       • They demanded for registration of voters on a common roll
    2. Explain six social results of national philosophies in Kenya (6mks)
       • National philosophies have promoted Education in the country as many schools, libraries and laboratories have been constructed through Harambee raised funds
       • They have promoted spiritual and social welfare of the citizens through construction of mosques and churches
       • They have improved the medical services through the use of harambee raised funds to put up hospitals, health centers and dispensaries in different parts of the country
       • It has also improved the living standards of Kenyans as harambee raised funds have helped to install electricity and water in the rural areas
       • The welfare of minority groups such as persons with disabilities have also been looked into
       • They have preserved and promoted African culture for example, African socialism was drawn from African traditions.
         
                                                                                        SECTION C
22.  
    1. State three rights of arrested persons (3mks)
       • To communicate with an advocate or lawyer
       • To be termed innocent until proven guilty
       • To be held separate from convicted persons
       • To be presented to court soonest reasonably
       • To be informed reason for arrest promptly in a language that they understand.
    2. Explain six factors that promote national unity in Kenya (12mks)
       • National symbols such as National flag, national anthem, court of arm and public seal which gives all Kenyans a sense of national hood
       • National activities such as national holidays where Kenyans from different background unite to celebrate the events, Agricultural shows, sports and games also promotes national unity
       • The constitution which gives all Kenyans equal rights thus creating a sense of equality which promote national unity
       • The presidency, where one national president represents all people/Kenyans without bias
       • National language, Kiswahili which breaks communication barrier between different ethnic groups
       • Education promotes national unity by subjecting all students to a common curriculum, common national exam and drama festivals
       • The mass media enables Kenyans from different parts of the country to contribute to national debates.
23.  
    1. Outline three reasons that may lead to a by-election in Kenya (3mks)
       • Death of an occupant of a given electoral position
       • Resignation of a sitting leader
       • The annulment of the election results of a certain leader by a court of Law
    2. Explain six roles of National Assembly (12mks)
       • The National Assembly makes, amends and repeals National Laws that govern the Country
       • The members of parliament represent the interest of the citizens in their respective constituencies
       • National Assembly deliberates on National and International issues of concern to the Country
       • It controls the revenue and expenditure of the National Government
       • It approves the declaration of war and extension of state of emergency
       • It exercises oversight on the conduct of cabinet secretaries and may sermon them to explain issues concerning their ministries
       • The National Assembly has the power to impeach the President and other state officers through passing a vote of no confidence
24.  
    1. State three advantages of Devolution in Kenya (3mks)
       • It empowers communities to manage their own resources
       • It promotes unity in the country while still retaining the diversity and uniqueness of various Kenyan communities
       • It eradicates poverty through equitable distribution of National resources
       • It gives local communities a sense of ownership of the Government
    2. Explain six sources of revenue for county governments in Kenya (12mks)
       • County Government raises revenue from the charges received from services that they offer to the County residence such as water, parking and cabbage collections
       • They are funded by the National Government since the National Government allocates County kitty of 15% to them annually
       • From loans and donations received from external sources
       • They raise revenue from rents and rates gained from County property, land and houses
       • They raise some revenue from sales on cash crops produces by the County Government
       • From grants donated by the National Government to the marginalized Counties which have been approved by the National Assembly
       • They also raise revenue from fines collected from persons who break County by-laws
       • They raise revenue from loans borrowed from the National Government