History P1 Questions and Answers - Momaliche 4 cycle Post Mock Exams 2021/2022

QUESTIONS

SECTION A
Answer all questions in this section(25MKS)

1. State two disadvantages of Archaeology as a source of information on History and Government of Kenya. (2mks)
2. Name two communities that belong to the Western Bantu speakers of Kenya. (2mks)
3. State two ways through which iron technology assisted in the migration and settlement of the Bantu in Kenya. (2mks)
4. Why did Seyyid Said move his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar? (2mks)
5. Identify two communities that showed mixed reactions towards the British as they occupied Kenya.(2mks)
6. Who was the first representative of the Africans in the legislative council during colonial period?(1mk)
7. What made the East African Association different from the other early associations that were formed in Kenya during colonial period? (1mk)
8. Identify two Educational Associations that were formed in central Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
9. State one role played by the Africans in the field of medicine during colonial period. (1mk)
10. Why did KANU refuse to form a government after the 1961 elections in Kenya? (1mk)
11. Name the central oathing committee that was set up to coordinate oathing activities of the Mau Mau freedom fighters. (1mk)
12. Identify one type of citizenship in Kenya. (1mk)
13. Which body supervises the electoral process in Kenya? (1mk)
14. What is meant by devolution of power in Kenya? (2 mks)
15. what are the roles of director of public prosecution in Kenya ( 2 marks )
16. Give one achievement of the Local Native Councils formed in Kenya in 1924. (1mk)
17. What is promulgation of a constitution? (1mk)

SECTION B. ( 45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions in this section.

18.                      
    1. Identify FIVE features of early inhabitants in kenya (5mks)
    2. Explain any five results of interaction between the Luos and the Luhya’s during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
19.                          
    1. State five reasons why the Omani Arabs were interested in establishing control over the Kenyan Coast in the 18th Century. (5mks)
    2. Explain five ways in which Seyyid Said contributed towards the development of international trade along the Kenyan Coast in the 19th Century. ( 10 marks )
20.                          
    1. State Five Reforms That Resulted From The Lyttelton Constitution Of 1954 In Kenya. (5mks)
    2. Discuss five ways through which Thomas Joseph Mboya Contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya. (10mks )
21.                          
    1. State five reasons why the Wanga community collaborated with the British. (5mks)
    2. Explain five terms of the Devonshire white paper of 1923. (10mks)

SECTION C (30marks)
Answer any TWO questions from this section on the answer sheets provided.

22.                      
    1. State Three reasons why national unity is important. ( 3marks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the government of Kenya has tried to promote national integration since independence. ( 12 marks)
23.                            
    1. Describe the process of preparing a bill before it is taken to parliament for debate. ( 3mks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the Bill of Rights protects the rights of individuals in Kenya. ( 12 marks )
24.                        
    1. Identify three committees developed in parliament to ensure that government revenue is spent well. ( 3 marks )
    2. Explain six challenges faced in planning the national budget in Kenya today. (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. State two disadvantages of archaeology as source of information on history and government of Kenya.
   • Time consuming.
   • Too expensive.
   • Hard to locate Archaeological sites (2mks)
2. Name two communities that belong to the western Bantu speakers.
   • Abaluhya.
   • Abasuba.
   • Abakuria.
   • Abagusii. (2mks)
3. State two ways through which iron technology assisted in the migration and settlement of the Bantu.
   • Weapons – conquer other communities.
   • Tools – clear land/way for settlement/migration/farming. (1mk)
4. Why did Seyyid said move his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar.
   • Zanzibar was royal to him.
   • Zanzibar had fertile soils.
   • The climate of Zanzibar was warm and cool.
   • Zanzibar was centrally placed – to control trade. - Administration. (2mks)
5. Identify two communities that showed mixed reaction towards the British as they occupied Kenya
   • Agikuyu
   • The Luo
   • The Akamba. (2mks)
6. Who was the first representative of the Africans in the Legco during colonial period.
   • Dr. Arthur. (1mk)
7. What made the East African Association different from the other early associations that were formed in Kenya during colonial period. (1mk)
   • It was nation wide.
8. Identify two educational Associations that were formed in central Kenya during colonial period.(2mks)
   • KISA – Kikuyu independent schools association.
   • KKEA – Kikuyu karinaga Educational Association.
9. State two roles that were played by the Africans in the medical field during colonial period.(2mks)
   • Africans who were Christians were trained as dressers.
   • Chiefs campaigned for western medicine through Baraza’s.
   • Taxes were obtained from the local people to improve medical field.
10. Why did KANU refuse to form a government after the 1961 elections in Kenya (1mk)
    • On condition that Jomo Kenyatta be released first.
11. Name the central oathing committee that was set up to co-ordinate oathing activities of the male freedom fighters. 
    • Muhimu (1mk)
12. Identify one types of citizenship in Kenya.
    • Birth right citizenship.
    • Dual citizenship (1mk)
13. Which body supervises the electrol process in Kenya.
    • IEBC – Independent Electoral and Boundaries commission.
14. What is meant by devolution of power in Kenya.
    • Decentralization of power.
15. What are the roles of Director of Public prosecution in Kenya.
    • Investigate any in formation.
    • Institute or undertake criminal proceedings commenced in any court.
    • Discontinue a case before judgment is delivered.
    • Safeguard public interest of abstract and met to avoid abuse. (2mks)
16. Give one achievement of the local nature councils formed in Kenya in 1924
    • Collection of taxes.
    • Maintain basic intrastate.
    • Provision of basic social needs e.g water, cattle dips.
    • Restated African activities e.g political agitation. (2mks)
17. What is promulgation of constitution?
    • Passing of the new constitution in public.
18.                        
    1. features of early inhabitants
       • They Were Hunters And Gatherers
       • They Spoke With Click Sound
       • They Were Small And Short In Size
       • They Lived In Seasonal Camps
       • They Had Few Belongings Such As Bows And Arrows (5x1=5mks)
    2. results for interaction between luos and luhyas
       • Intermarriages from either side
       • Out break of wars as they fought over scarce resources
       • Increase in population as the two communities settled in the Western region
       • Cultural exchanges e.g names became common
       • Assimilation of some groups e.g Samia and Morana emerged
       • Increased social activities e.g games
       • Increased trading activities e.g many varieties of goods were introduced into the market
         (any 5ptsx2=10mks)
19.                          
    1. Reasons Why Omani Arabs were interested over Kenyan Coast
       • To control the rich East African coast
       • To establish political power over the Kenyan coast
       • The coast had good climate (warm)
       • There were fertile soils for growing of cloves
       • To assist in ending the Portuguese rule
       • There were deep natural harbours for ships to anchor
       • There was adequate fresh water (5x1=5mks)
    2. Contribution of Seyyid Said on Developing Of international Trade
       • He invited foreign traders to the Kenyan coast e.g Indian Banyans
       • He signed trade agreements with European countries and U.S.A
       • He created political stability along the E. African coast which was conducive for trade
       • He established a well organized long distance trade into the interior of E. Africa which provided many commodities
       • He established plantation agriculture clove plantation
       • Consulate offices in Zanzibar were opened by the countries that had signed trade agreements (5x2=10mks)
20.                      
    1. Reforms That Resulted From Lyttleton constitution of 1954
       • BA Ohanga was made minister for community development and African affairs
       • Africans were allowed to form political organizations whose functions were restricted to district levels only
       • Establishment of a multi-racial council of ministers made up of officials and non-official members
       • Colonial government provided for an election of eight (8) Africans is the Legco
       • Formation of an advisory council to discuss government policies (5x1=5mks)
    2. Contribution Of Thomas Mboya In Struggle For Independence
       • Protested against the colonial government policy of separation of Agikuyu, Aembu and Ameru from other communities in Nairobi
       • Protested against government arrest, detention and torture of African workers
       • Solicited for moral and financial support for Kenya federation of labour from international trade unions and other organizations
       • Protested the restriction of Africans to grow cash crops
       • He organized and facilitated trade unions education in many parts of the community
       • Was elected secretary general of KANU in 1960
       • He participated in the Lancaster house conference (1960) which paved the way for Kenya’s independence
       • He attended the second Lancaster house conference and participated in the drafting of the independence constitution
       • He campaigned for the release of detained unionists and political leaders e.g Jomo Kenyatta (5x2=10mks)
21.                      
    1. Reasons Why Wanga Collaborated 
       • Needed protection from their enemies e.g Nandi, Bukusu and Luo of Ugenya
       • Nabongo wanted to use the British to expand his sphere of influence
       • Nabongo had insatiable desire for European goods e.g guns
       • Need to protect and preserve his independence and position of the King
       • Nabongo had learnt a lesson from other resistance-(knew the consequences of resisting a mighty power)
       • Nabongo wanted his people to acquire western education and Christianity (5x1=5mks)
    2. Terms Of Devoshire Whitepaper
       • Declared that Kenya was primarily an African country and in case of conflicts, African interests must prevail
       • The highlands were reserved for European settlement only
       • Asians were allowed to elect five members to the legislative council on a communal rather than common roll and representative in municipal councils
       • There was to be no racial segregation in residential areas
       • Restrictions on Indian immigration was lifted
       • A missionary was to be nominated by the governor to represent African interest in the legislative council
       • The European demand for self-government under European rule was rejected
       • The colonial office was to exercise close control of the colony (5x2=10mks)
22.                      
    1. StateTHREE reasons why national unity is important.
       • It enhances political stability by minimizing inter-community suspicions as people get to know each other.
       • Promotes a sense of responsibilities.
       • Promotes co-operation through the spirit of Harambee.
       • Enables people to tackle common problems together.
       • Helps people to develop the country.
       • Reduces incidents of fear and power struggle that can lead to civil war
         Any 3 x 1 =3marks
    2. Explain six ways in which the Government of Kenya has tried to promote national integration since independence.
       • Having one constitution which unities all Kenyans
       • Providing a uniform education system / same syllabus.
       • Having only one executive president.
       • Use of Kiswahili as a national language.
       • Equitable distribution of resources.
       • Developing common symbols of unity eg national flag and national anthem.
       • Encouraging sports and games.
       • Having a centralized government recognized by all Kenyans.
       • Guaranteeing fundamental human rights and freedoms.
         Any 5 x 2 =10marks
23.                            
    1. Describe the process of preparing a bill before it is taken to Parliament for debate.
       • Making suggestions / proposals about the need of the law.
       • The proposals are taken to the Attorney General’s chambers for drafting and getting the legal framework.
       • The Attorney General prepares a draft proposal of the intended law.
       • The Attorney General notifies the members of the Parliament and the public about the intended bill to enable them carry out research.
       • The intended law is then taken to parliament for debate.
         Any 3 x 1 =3marks
    2. Explain six ways in which the Bill of Rights protect the rights of individuals in Kenya.
       • States that every individual has a right to life.
       • It guarantees liberty to all citizens by forbidding enslavement and detention without trial.
       • Protects the individual from all forms of torture and inhuman treatment.
       • It guarantees the protection of private property and allows Kenyans to own property anywhere in the country
       • It protects individuals from all forms of torture and inhuman treatments.
       • It guarantees the protection of freedom of speech and expression.
       • It gives Kenyans a right to move freely throughout the country and to recide in any part of the country.
       • Protects the individuals against any form of discrimination on the basis of colour, creed and gender.
       • It protects the individuals against arbitrary search, arrest and entry into one’s property without one’s consent. Any 6 x 2 =12marks
24.                            
    1. Identify three committees developed in parliament to ensure that government revenue is spent well.
       • Public Accounts Committee-examines public accounts and ensures money is spent as budgeted
       • The Committee of Supply-Verifies the estimates presented by the different ministries before approving expenditure.
       • Committee of Ways and Means-Verifies the budget proposals and taxation.
         Any 3 x 1 =3marks.
    2. Describe six challenges faced in planning the national budget in Kenya today.
       • Rapid population growth leading to greater demand for government services hence straining the available resources.
       • Corruption and embezzlement of funds set aside for various project by government officers.
       • Tax evasion by individuals, eg. businessmen denying the government revenue.
       • Tough conditions by donor community / over borrowing by government.
       • Natural calamities eg floods and drought.
       • Price fluctuation on agricultural goods on the world market, reduce net capital flow.
       • The wide spread of HIV/AIDS and other diseases affect budget.
       • The devaluation of the Kenya Shilling means the cost of living will be higher and thus affect budget.
       • The high cost of petroleum products.
       • Wide spread poverty and high unemployment Any 6 x 2 =12marks