Agriculture P2 Questions and Answers - Momaliche 4 cycle Post Mock Exams 2021/2022

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (30MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section.

State two reasons of using farm tools and equipment in the farm. (2mks)
State three reasons that would make a farmer prefer to keep indigenous cattle breeds instead of exotic cattle breeds. (1½mks)
State three characteristics of Bactrian (Camelus bacterianus) type of camel. (1½mks)
Name four factors that influence the pulse rate in farm animals. (2mks)
State three symptoms of endoparasites attack in livestock. (1½mks)
State four factors that determine the amount of food given to an animal. (2mks)
Name three advantages of using a machakos dip as compared to a plunge dip (1½mks)
State four factors considered when selecting construction materials. (2mks)
Name three methods a farmer can use when selecting livestock for breeding in the farm. (1½mks)
State three signs of heat in a doe. (1½mks)
State four reasons for carrying out identification in livestock. (2mks)
State two diseases that commonly affect bees in bee farming. (2mks)
State four methods a farmer can use when preserving fish after harvesting. (2mks)
State four factors that determine the choice of poultry rearing system that a farmer chooses to use. (2mks)
State one advantage of using mobile calf pen in calf rearing. (1mk)
State two disadvantages of a two stroke engine. (1mk)
State two factors that could cause sudden stopping of a tractor engine. (1mk)
State four disadvantages of animal drawn implements over tractor drawn implements. (2mks)

SECTION B (20MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section.

The diagram below shows a tractor drawn implement. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the parts A, B, C and D. (4mks)
2. State two advantages of using the above implement over mould- board plough. (2mks)
3. State the function of the parts labeled. (2mks)
  1. A
  2. D
The diagram below shows livestock parasites. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify the parasites X and Y above. (2mks)
2. State two effects that are caused by the parasite labeled X on the animal’s body. (2mks)
3. Name one disease transmitted by parasite labeled X above. (1mk)
4. State three measures taken to control the parasite labeled Y above. (3mks)
Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify the livestock equipment marked E above. (1mk)
2. State three reasons that make branding be discouraged as a method of livestock identification.(3mk)
3. What is caponisation as used in poultry production. (1mk)

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
Answer any two questions.

1. State and explain five factors that predispose livestock to diseases. (10mks)
2. State and explain five factors a farmer will consider when siting beehives in the farm. (10mks)
1. Briefly state and explain five equipment a farmer will need when milking and state their uses. (10mks)
2. Explain five factors to consider when selecting a breeding stock. (10mks)
1. State and explain four materials collected by bees. (8mks)
2. State and explain the use of four equipments a honey harvester would require to have when harvesting honey. (8mks)
3. List four main reasons that make fish farming popular. (4mks)

MARKING SCHEME

Reasons of using farm tools and equipment in the farm. 2x1=2mks
- to increase efficiency on the farm
- to enhance production
- to enhance safety on the farm
Reasons that a farmer opts to rear indigenous cattle breeds over the exotic breeds. 3x ½ =1 ½ mks
- they can withstand high temperatures
- they are capable of walking for long distances in search of pasture and water.
- they are more resistant to most of tropical diseases and pest attack
- they can survive on poor quality pastures
Characteristics of bacterian type of camel. 3x ½ =3mks
- it has two humps
- it is heavy and has short legs
- it lives in cold region hence has thick and long coat
Factors that influence the pulse rate of an animal. 4x ½ =2mks
- the degree of excitement
- the age of the animal
- the sex of the animal
- physiological status of the animal e.g. pregnancy
Signs of attack by endoparasite a farmer can observe. 3x ½ =1 ½ mks
- loss of weight and emaciation
- pot bellied
- the animal will suffer indigestion
- anaemic condition due to sucking of blood
- swollen and painful abdomen
- dullness and the animal appearing depressed
Factors that determine the amount of food given to an animal. 4x ½ =2mks
- body size or weight of the animal
- environmental conditions within which the animal
- physiological condition of the animal
- level of production
- purpose for which the animal is kept
Reasons why a farmer may use machakos dip instead of a plunge dip to control ticks. 3x ½ = 1 ½ mks
- scarcity of water
- shortage of capital
- small number of herds
Factors considered when selecting construction materials. 4x ½ = 2mks
- availability of materials
- cost of materials
- suitability of materials
- durability of materials
- strength of the material
- workability of the material
Name three methods a farmer can use when selecting livestock for breeding. 3x ½ =1 ½ mks
- mass selection
- progeny testing
- contemporary comparison
Signs of heat in a doe. 3x ½ =1 ½ mks
- restlessness
- frequent urination
- swollen vulva
- doe throws itself on its sides
- tries to contact other rabbits in the next hutch
Reasons for carrying out identification to the herds. 4x ½ =2mks
- for selection and breeding
- disease control and treatment
- feeding purpose
- record keeping
- culling
Two diseases that affect bees commonly on the farm
- acarive disease
- American foul brood disease
Methods a farmer can use when preserving fish after harvesting. 4x ½ =2mks
- freezing
- salting
- sun drying
- smoking
Factors that determine the choice of poultry rearing system. 4x ½ =2mks
- availability of land
- availability of appropriate equipment
- availability of capital
- security etc.
Significance of mobile calf pen in calf rearing. 1x1=1mk
- prevent accumulation/buildup of parasites
- prevent accumulation of dung that may lead to dampness
Disadvantages of two stroke engine. 2x ½ =1mk
- they produce less power
- they are inefficient in burning fuel to produce power
- they are air cooled thus limiting the size of engine
Factors that could cause sudden stopping of a tractor engine.
- poor terminal conditions
- faulty ignition system 2x ½ =1mk
Disadvantages of animal drawn implements over tractor- drawn implements.
- are tedious than the tractor drawn implement
- more than one person is required to guide the plough and the animals
- animals are slower than the tractor
- animals can be attacked by diseases in some areas
- animals requires extra piece of land for pastures and fodder crops.
1. - A furrow wheel or rear thrust
  - B beam
  - C disc
  - D disc scrapper 4x1 = 4mks
2. Advantages of using the above implement over mould board plough. 2x1 = 2mks
  - good on rough field with stones, stumps or roots not easily broken by obstacles
  - good on wet, heavy and sticky soils
  - good on hard and dry soils by cutting various depth
  - can be used on soil prone to soil erosion
  - requires less power to pull
  - requires less maintenance
3. 1. - A - for balancing the whole implement
    - also used to adjust the depth of plough
  2. - D - to remove wet soils from the disc
    - Aid in the turning and inverting of the furrow slice
1. - X – tsetse fly
  - Y – tape worm 2x1=2mks
2. Effects of parasite X.
  - transmit Nagana to the livestock and sleeping sickness in human. (trypanosomiasis)
  - cause anaemia due to sucking of blood
  - damage the skins and the hides of animals 2x1=2mks
3. Disease transmitted by the parasite X. 1x1 =1mk
  - trypanosomiasis
4. Measures taken to control the parasite labelled Y.
  - keep house clean and disinfected
  - practice rotational grazing
  - keep the feeding and watering equipment clean
  - proper meat inspection
  - proper cooking of meat
  - use of prophylactic drugs 3x1 =3mks
1. - E- halter 1x1 =1mk
2. Reasons why branding is discouraged as a method of identification.
  - causes a lot of pain to the animal
  - it reduces quality of the hides and skin
  - causes wounds which on healing leaves a scar. 2x1 = 2mks
3. Caponisation is the act of making a male birds lose their male characteristics.
1. Factors that predispose livestock to diseases. 5x2 =10mks
  - The age of the animal
  - The breed of the animal
  - The sex of the animal
  - The colour of the animal
  - The species of the animal
  - Evironment
  - Movement
  - Genetics
2. Factors a farmer may consider when sitting a beehive in the farm. 5x2=10mks
  - location of dwelling places
  - accessibility to water sources
  - nearness to nector producing flowers
  - sunlight
  - quietness of a place Explained 5x2=10mks
1. Equipment used by the farmer in milking
  - udder cloth/ towels – for washing and drying the udder
  - milking jelly - prevent teats from crucking
  - warm water – washing the udder to remove dirt
  - milking pails/buckets – for milking
  - strip cup – defecting mastitis
  - milk cans/churns – for storage and transportation
  - milking stool – for a milkier to sit on as he/she milk 10mks
2. Factors considered when selecting a breeding stock
  - physical fitness
  - health
  - level of performance
  - age
  - body conformation
  - quality of the products
  - temperament/ behavior
  - adaptability
  - mothering ability
  - prolificacy 5X2 = 10 Marks
1. four materials collected by bees
  - water – for drinking and cooling the hive
  - propolis – for sealing cracks and services in the hives
  - pollen grains – from flowers. Fro feeding the brood and queen bee
  - nector – from flowers.
  - -used as bees main food.
  - -used for making honey 4X2 = 8 Marks
2. Equipments for harvesting honey
  - protective gear – to protect the person from the stings
  - honey container – e,g. pail or backet to hold honey or combs
  - a hive tool – used to cut honey combs
  - used to open the hive top bars
  - bee brush – used to brush the bees from the honey combs
    4X2 = 8 Marks
3. Reasons that make fish farming popular today
  - supplies cheap and good protein to substitute meat
  - suitable where land is limited
  - makes fish available nearby
  - It is a source of income to farmers 4X1 = 4 Marks