Geography Questions And Answers - Form 1 Term 2 Opener 2021

INSTRUCTIONS

• Answer all the questions in the spaces provided

1.  
   1. Give three reasons why it is important to study geography (3mks)
   2. Name any three study areas in physical geograghy (3mks)
2.  
   1. What is a line of longitude? (2mks)
   2. What is the local time at Alexandria 30˚ E when the locak time at malindi 40˚ E is 12:00 noon? (4mks)
   3. What is a solar system (2mks)
   4. Use the diagram below and answer the questions that follow
               
      
      1. What type of eclipse is represented by the diagram (1mk)
      2. Name the features marked L and M (2mks)
3.  
   1. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow
               
      
      1. Which movement of the earth is represented by the diagram (1mk)
      2. Give four effects of the movement represented by the diagram (4mks)
   2. Name two planets without natural satellites in the solar system (2mks)
   3. Give three forces that are responsible for the spherical shape of the earth (3mks)
   4. Give three characteristics of the mantle (3mks)
4. Differentiate between weather and climate (2mks)
   1. What is a weather station (1mk)
   2. Outline five factors to be taken into account when sitting a weather station (5mks)
   3. List down three instruments kept in a stevenson screen (3mks)
   4. Highlight atleast four qualifications which make a stevenson screen suitable for its work   (4mks)
5.  
   1. Outline five factors affecting temperature (5mks)
   2.   
      1. What is condensation (2mks)
      2. Outline the causes of condensation (4mks)
6.  
   1. Describe how convectional rainfall is formed (6mks)
   2. Highlight four characteristics of conventional rainfall (4mks)
7.  
   1. What is precipitation (1mk)
   2. Highlight three forms of precipitation (3mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.  
   1. Give three reasons why it is important to study geography                            (3mks)
      • Provides knowledge,about the immediate/wide environment
      • It is a career subject
      • Promotes international understanding
      • Promotes developmemnt of skills/critical thinking
   2. Name any three study areas in physical geograghy                                            (3mks)
      • climate 
      • Rocks and minerals
      • The earth and the solar system
      • Soils
2.  
   1. What is a line of longitude?                                                                                (2mks)
      • An imaginary line which is drawn on a map from north pole to south pole and is measured in degrees east or west of the prime meridian.
   2. What is the local time at Alexandria 30˚E when the locak time at malindi 40˚E is 12:00 noon?               (4mks)
      Difference in degrees of longitude
      40˚− 30˚=10˚
      1˚ is 4minutes
      Total difference in time
      10˚x 4=40minutes
      Alexandria is west of Malindi,so it is behind in time by 40 minutes
      The local time at Alezxandria is 
      12:00 − 40minutes
      =11:20Am
   3. What is a solar system             (2mks)
      • Refers to the composition of the sun,the planets and other heavenly bodies related to the sun.
   4. Use the diagram below and answer the questions that follow
      1. What type of eclipse is represented by the diagram     (1mk)
         • Solar eclipse
      2. Name the features marked L and M                 (2mks)
         • L-Moon
         • M-Shadow
3.  
   1. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow
      1. Which movement of the earth is represented by the diagram        (1mk)
         • Earth revolution
      2. Give four effects of the movement represented by the diagram      (4mks)
         • Causes four seasons
         • Causes variation of day and night lengths
         • Causes a changes in the altitude of the midday sun
         • Causes lunar eclipse
   2. Name two planets without natural satellites in the solar system   (2mks)
      • Mercury
      • Venus
      • Mars
   3. Give three forces that are responsible for the spherical shape of the earth   (3mks)
      • Centrifugal force
      • Centripetal force
      • Gravitational force
   4. Give three characteristics of the mantle               (3mks)
      • Rocks are more elastic
      • Temperatures about 1000°c
      • Rocks are like very viscous liquid
4. Differentiate between weather and climate                 (2mks)
   Weather is the daily atmospheric conditions of a place at a particular time.
   Climate is the average weather conditions of a given place over a long period of time usually 30-35 years.
   1. What is a weather station       (1mk)
      • A place where observation,measuring and recording of weather elements is done.
   2. Outline five factors to be taken into account when sitting a weather station (5mks)
      • An open place where there is little obstruction of weather elements
      • Accessible place so that recording can be done easily
      • The site should be free from flooding
      • The place should have security
      • A fairly level gently sloping ground
      • The place should provide a wide view of the surrounding landscape
   3. List down three instruments kept in a stevenson screen      (3mks)
      • Maximum thermometer
      • Minimum thermometer
      • Six’s thermometer 
      • Hygrometer
   4. Highlight atleast four qualifications which make a stevenson screen suitable for its work     (4mks)
      • Painted white for little absortion of solar energy
      • Made of wood which is a bad conductor of heat
      • Well ventilated to allow easier flow of air inside it
      • Raised above the ground to prevent contact with terrestrila radiation
      • Has double roof which acts as an insulator to prevent direct heatin from the sun
5.  
   1. Outline five factors affecting temperature              (5mks)
      • Altitude
      • Latitude
      • Aspect
      • Winds
      • Cloud cover
      • Lenghth of the day
      • Solar altitude
      • Distance from a large water body.
   2. What is condensation (2mks)
      • Turning of water vapour into tiny water droplest as cooling continues below dew point.
   3. Outline the causes of condensation        (4mks)
      • Adiabatic cooling
      • Orographic cooling
      • Frontal cooling
      • Advection cooling
6.  
   1. Describe how convectional rainfall is formed     (6mks)
      • Ground or water body is heated causing evaporation
      • There is convective rising and cooling of moist air
      • Condensation takes place forming tiny water droplets (clouds)
      • The droplets merge and fall as rain
      • The cooled dry air descends to the surface where it is heated and its capacity to hold moisture is increased.
      • The process is repeated.
   2. Highlight four characteristics of conventional rainfall       (4mks)
      • Takes place in the afternoon
      • Accompanied by thunderstorms and lightning
      • Takes place within a short period of time
      • Its common in tropical areas.
7.  
   1. What is precipitation          (1mk)
      • The forms in which the earth’s surface receive moisture.
   2. Highlight three forms of precipitation        (3mks)
      • Snow
      • Sleet
      • Hail
      • Dew
      • Rain