History Questions and Answers - Form 4 Mid-term Exams Term 1 2022

QUESTIONS

INSTRUCTIONS
Answer All Questions
TIME 1HOUR
SECTION A

1. Identify two methods used by archaeologists to locate a pre-historic site. (2mks)
2. Name two archaeological evidence that proves about the contact between East Africa coast and outside world. (2mks)
3. Name two early urban centers in Africa. (2mks)
4. Give two disadvantages of coal as a source of energy. (2mks)
5. Name two chartered companies used by Europeans to administer their colonies in Africa. (2mks)
6. State two terms of Berlin conference of 1884-1885. (2mks)
7. Give two reasons that dragged USA into the First World War. (2mks)
8. Identify two weapons that were used during cold war. (2mks)
9. State the three national philosophies used as development strategies in Kenya. (3mks)
10. Give the main significance of the repeal of section 2A of the constitution of Kenya in 1991. (1mk)

SECTION B (30MKS)
Answer Any 2 Questions From This Section

11.                  
    1. State five ways in which the Versailles treaty contributed to the outbreak of the Second World War. (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that contributed to the defeat of the axis powers during the Second World War. (10mks)
12.                  
    1. State five characteristics of common wealth members’ states. (5mks)
    2. Explain five challenges facing United Nation Organization. (UNO) (10mks)
13.                  
    1. State five differences between Organization of African Unity (OAU) and African Union (AU). (5mks)
    2. Explain five reasons why Pan African movement had not established itself in Africa by 1945. (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify two methods used by archaeologists to locate a pre-historic site. (2mks)
   • Looking for areas for where volcanicity and erosion has occurred
   • Archaeologist use their long acquired experience
   • By conducting historical research in books
   • Through vision
   • During cultivation building and construction
2. Name two archaeological evidence that proves about the contact between East Africa coast and outside world. (2mks)
   • Remains of Chinese ship wreck
   • Remains of iron tools
   • Remains of beads
   • Chinese coins
3. Name two early urban centers in Africa. (2mks)
   • Meroe
   • Kilwa
4. Give two disadvantages of coal as a source of energy. (2mks)
   • It is bulky and therefore difficult to transport
   • Coal produces too much smoke / pollutes the air
   • Coal is expensive to mine
   • Coal mining is risky
5. Name two chartered companies used by Europeans to administer their colonies in Africa. (2mks)
   • Imperial British East Africa company
   • German East African company
   • British South African company
6. State two terms of Berlin conference of 1884-1885. (2mks)
   • Any state laying claim over African colony must inform the other European powers
   • All signatories must declare their spheres of influence
   • Declaration of spheres of influence must be followed by effective occupation.
7. Give two reasons that dragged USA into the First World War. (2mks)
   • The sinking of British Sussex ship
   • The Zimmerman telegram to Mexico
   • Public pressure on USA to support allies
   • USA was protecting her business empire in Britain and France
8. Identify two weapons that were used during cold war. (2mks)
   • Use of propaganda
   • Financial assistance to the enemies of their opponent
   • millitary assistance to the enemies of their opponent
   • Arms race
   • Economic sabotage
9. State the three national philosophies used as development strategies in Kenya. (3mks)
   • African socialism
   • Harambee philosophy
   • Nyayo philosophy
10. Give the main significance of the repeal of section 2A of the constitution of Kenya in 1991.(1mk)
    • Re- introduction of multi-party democracy
11.                        
    1. State five ways in which the Versailles treaty contributed to the outbreak of the Second World War. (5mks)
       • The treaty imposed heavy fine on Germany causing economic hardship
       • Germany was forbidden from uniting with Austria which weakened her military strength
       • Germany lost her oversea colonies hence increasing her aggression to acquire more colonies
       • German’s size was reduced by 1/8th and her population by 6500,000
       • German’s size of army was reduced to 100,000 men
    2. Explain five factors that contributed to the defeat of the axis powers during the Second World War. (10mks)
       • Allies had many supporters and manpower which outnumbered those of the axis
       • The Axis powers made serious military mistake since Germany failed to adequately prepare for the Russian Winter and Hitler concentrated in manufacturing V-Rockets rather than jet aircraft.
       • Russian recovered from her losses and attacked Germany
       • The entry of USA on the side of Allies powers after Japan attack of the Pearl Harbour boosted the Allies powers
       • Failure of Germany to control her conquered territories effectively provided them with room to liberate themselves & to support the Allies
       • Allies powers were far stretched beyond their capacity as they distributed their armies into different fronts
12.                    
    1. State five characteristics of common wealth members’ states. (5mks)
       • They use English as their official language of communication
       • They have a close cultural ties
       • They participate in commonwealth games
       • They have similar governance which is parliamentary system
       • Members recognize the Queen of England as the heads of the commonwealth
       • They have similar education system
    2. Explain five challenges facing United Nation Organization. (UNO) (10mks)
       • Inadequate funds to fund or co-ordinate her various programs since some members fail to remit their contribution
       • Member of UNO belong to other organization hence divided loyalties
       • UNO lack a standing military force to help during peace keeping mission, it relys of volunteer ship of its members states
       • Members states mostly concentrate on their nation interests at the expense of UNO
       • Threats of territories to international peace and security
       • Ideological differences in which resulted from cold war where some members adopted communism while other were capitalists
       • UNO budget is strained by many natural disasters such as floods, famine, drought, and diseases
13.            
    1. State five differences between Organization of African Unity (OAU) and African Union (AU). (5mks)
       • African union is a union of African people while OAU was an association of African heads of states / executives
       • AU challenges the OAU non interference principle as it allow for intervention in internal affairs of members states
       • AU has an ambitious development agenda under the new partnership for African development (NEPAD) which OAU locked
       • AU has an accountability mechanism while OAU lacked it
       • OAU was formed to fight colonialism while AU was formed to help solve challenges facing African countries
    2. Explain five reasons why Pan African movement had not established itself in Africa by 1945. (10mks)
       • African lacked appropriate venue to hold Pan African conference
       • The assimilation policy adopted by the France on west Africa hindered Africans concentration on the movement
       • Africa had very few educated elites
       • The two independent countries (Ethiopia and Liberia) never concentrated on unifying Africa
       • Africa had more pressing problems as they concentrated on their grievances such as taxation and land alienation
       • Divide and rule policy applied on African by colonialist prevented Africans from uniting
       • Africans lacked proper means of communicating , as they were under different European powers