AGRICULTURE PAPER 2 Marking Scheme - 2017 MURANG'A MOCK EXAMINATION

SECTION A (30 MARKS)

1. Caecum                                           (1x1=1mk)     
2.  
   • Quality of concentrate
   • Availability of concentrate
   • Level of production of the animal
   • Cost of concentration
   • Physiological status of the animal/animal in calf        (3x ½ =1 ½ mks)

3.  
   • Irritation
   • Damage wool (due to scratching/bites)
   • Retard growth
   • Anemic condition
   • Bites injuring skin                   (2x ½  = 1mk)

4.  
   • Spray rate
   • Fences
   • Crush
   • Plunge dip    (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

5.         Tryponosomiasis       (1x1=1mk)     
6.  
   • Replace worn out polythene sheet
   • Clean dirty polythene sheets
   • Tighten loose nuts and bolts
   • Replace lost nuts and bolts            (2x ½  = 1mk)

7.  
   1. Ability of the mother to take care of its offspring until weaning          (2x ½  = 1mk)
   2. Ability of the female animal to give birth to many offspring at the same time/large litter size                            (1x1  = 1mk)

8.  
   • Poor nutrition
   • Poor timing of service
   • Infertility                     (2x ½  = 1mk)

9.  
   • Prevents animal injuring others
   • Makes animal docile/easy to handle
   • Creates more space for feeding/other animals
   • Prevents destruction of farm structure by animals.                (Any 3x ½ = 1 ½ mks)

10.  
    • Source of income to farmer
    • Creates employment to Kenyans
    • Source of fish for food (closer to people)
    • Source of animal feed materials /feed stuffs.             (4 x ½ = 2mks)

11.  
    • Stage of lactation
    • Animal’s age
    • Breed
    • Nutrition / feed quality given to animals
    • Physiological condition of animal
    • Completeness of working
    • Animal’s health /having mastitis
    • Season of the year                                           (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

12.  
    • Uniformly spreads manure /dropping in the field/pasture
    • Requires less feeding by farmer
    • Reduces parasites/disease build up
    • Relatively cheap/ requires less capital to have            (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

13.  
    • Solar trapping devices are expensive
    • Power supply/trapping fluctuates depending on weather conditions
    • Solar trapping is limited to day light
    • Requires labour to handle the device              (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

14.  
    1. Cut/chop fodder/Napier grass into small pieces for feeding animals      (1x1=1mk)
    2. Cut thin sheets of metal               (1x1=1mk)

15.  
    1. Buck/ billy             (1x1=1mk)
    2. Kindling                (1x1=1mk)
    3. Bullock                  (1x1=1mk)

16.  
    • For safety of the user
    • Ensure efficiency of operation
    • To last long/ensure  durability
    • Reduce /avoid cost of repair of replacement
    • Avoid damage to the harrow              (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

17.  
    • Presence of broken/soft shelled eggs
    • Bright light in laying nests allowing birds to see the eggs.
    • Idleness in the poultry house
    • Inadequate laying nests forcing some birds to lay eggs in the open
    • Lack of mineral salts like calcium in diet
    • Irregular egg collection                                               (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)

18.  
    1. Controls animal movement (during agricultural shows exhibitions )       (1x1 = 1mk)
    2.  
       • Bull ring and head stick             (1x1 = 1mk)
       • Rope                                        (2x1 = 2mks)
    3.   
       • Clean after use to remove dirt
       • Apply oil to prevent rusting                    (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
19.  
    1. Calf pen                 (1x1=1mk)
    2.  
       • For proper drainage of urine/dung/allow urine and dung to pass through preventing     dampness.
       • Help keep the floor dry by aeration preventing dampness.    (2x1 = 2mks)
    3.  
       • Sited near milking shed ( to save time and labour in transporting milk/for milk to be still warm when serving cow)
       • Sited on a gentle slope/well drained site
       • Sited in service site
       • Sited in a well sheltered site against winds
       • Sited in an accessible site                                (2x1 = 2mks)
20.  
    1.  
       1. 2.5 kg + (0.25 x 10)kg  = 2.5 + 2.5
                                             =          5.0kg
       2. Production ratio                 (1x1 =1mk)
    2.  
       1. Crushed maize is more digestible  than whole maize ( Any other relevant example for explanation)             (1x1=1mk)
       2. The higher the ratio the lower the digestibility.    (1x1=1mk)

21.  
    1. Power transmission system                       (1x1=1mk)
    2. C – gear box
       D- clutch pedal
    3.  
       • Transmit power to raw wheels
       • Change direction of drive
       • Enable one of the wheel to move faster than the other when negotiating a corner
       • Allows for speed reduction mechanism/moderation of speed as opposed to engine speed.

SECTION C (40 MARKS)

22.  
    1.  
       • Claw hammer to drive in nails/fencing staples into wooden posts
       • Hand saw to cut posts/ brale posts to required size
       • Wood chisel to bore holes and slots on wooden posts
       • Pliers to cut wires where necessary
       • Drill/ anger bit to bore holes in wooded posts
       • Soil anger to dig holes on ground for fixing posts
       • Claw bar to remove nails/staples (All dig holes)
       • Mallet to hit chisel when making holes/grooves
       • Wire strainer to tighten the fence wires
       • Tepemeasure to measure distances
       • Ramming rods  to ram the posts
       • Panga to cut pegs for marking points for posts fixing
       • Axe to slot posts where necessary                  (Any 10 x 1 = 10mks)
         (Award the 1mk as whole if the tool use is stated)
    2.  
       • Proper harnessing
       • Proper feeding
       • Maintain proper health of animals
       • Proper training
       • Proper loading             (5x1 = 5mks)
    3.  
       • Rough coat
       • Anemic condition
       • Pot bellied condition
       • Edematous swelling under jaw
       • Parasite segments presence in fareles
       • Excessive appetite
       • Blockage of intestines lumen by parasites
       • Diarrhea
       • Constipation                      (Any 5x1 = 5mks)

23.  
    1.  
       1. Bacteria/ Bacillus anthracis             (1x1 = 1mk)
       2.  
          • Animal feeding on infected pastures/feeds /borne meal
          • Bites by insects
          • Bacterial entering through open wounds        (Any 2x1=2mks)
       3.  
          • Lack rigor mortis
          • Stomach swells/bloats
          • Blood does not clot quickly
          • Dark red blood oozes out through the natural openings         (4x1=4mks0
       4.  
          • Prompt treatment of wounds which can there as entry route for the baltena
          • Impose quarantine incase of outbreak to prevent spread
          • Regular vaccination of animals with appropriate vaccine
          • Deep burying/burning of anthrax carcass/dispose of property      (Any 3x1=3mks)
    2.  
       • Wedge shaped
       • Straight top line
       • Well set apart hind quarters to allow room for the big udder
       • Large, well developed udder/large teats that are well shaped
       • Prominent milk veins
       • Lean bodies/ bodies that carry little flest/visible pin bone
       • Large stomach capacity                      (Any 5x1 = 5mks)      
    3.  
       • Egg turning after every 6-8 hours each day around 180⁰ (but not done in the first 24 hours and last 3 days)
       • Remove broken eggs
       • Maintain temperature at the appropriate age always
       • Add water if necessary to maintain the appropriate relative humidity always
       • Remove infertile eggs on 5^th day              (5x1 = 5mks)

24.  
    1.  
       • Easy to keep the egg production record of individual bird
       • Controls cannibalism and egg eating
       • No contamination of feed and water
       • Eggs collected owe clean since birds do not step on them
       • Allows for high stocking rate/ many birds kept in a small areas
       • Egg losses minimized
       • High egg production because there is less energy wastage by bird
       • Eliminates /discourages broodiness since birds do not reach the egg
       • Birds more secure from predators
    2.  
       • Ensure piglets are breathing properly by removing mucus from mouth and nostrils by use   of clean cloth
       • Ensure piglets are safe by moving them away from sow as each is born
       • Tie, cut and disinfect navel cords piglets
       • Weigh each piglet and record birth weight
       • Remove and dispose the after-birth and any still born
       • Make sure they are kept warm
       •  Take the piglets to sow for sucking after they gain enough strength.                (Any 5x1 = 5mks)
    3.  
       1. A state in which all the body organs and systems are normal and functioning  normally.
       2.  
          • Proper housing/hygiene – avoid exposure of animals to predisposing factors like cold/dampness
          • Isolation – prevents spread of disease to healthy ones
          • Quarantine – prevents spread of disease to health ones.
          • Vector / parasite  control – prevents transmission of diseases from the infected to healthy ones
          • Prompt and proper treatment of the skin – vestures health/prevents disease spread to health ones.
          • Regular vaccination – provides immunity against new infections.
          • Use of properly  lactic drugs – prevents infection
          • Killing of sick animals – prevents further spread of disease to healthy ones
          • Use of antiseptics /disinfectants – kill disease causing organisms      (Any 8x1 = 8mks)