Instructions to candidates
- This paper consists of two sections A and B.
- Answer all the questions in the two sections in the spaces provided after each question
- All working must be clearly shown.
- Electronic calculators, mathematical tables may be used.
- All numerical answers should be expressed in the decimal notations.
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
- The fig below shows the magnetization method
- State the method of magnetization shown above (1 mark)
- State the polarity of point A in the pin attached to the magnet (1 mark)
- The figure below shows two mirrors inclined at a certain angle x. A viewer counts a total of 7 images by looking directly into them from the object O. Determine the value of angle X (2 marks)
- UV rays are made to fall on the cap of a negatively charged electroscope, state and explain the observation made. (2marks)
- The figure below shows a cross section of a dry cell.
- Name the part labeled A (1 mark)
- State the use of manganese iv oxide in the cell (1 mark)
- The figure below shows a ray incident on the boundary between two media 1 and 2 at an angle α.
Given that, the refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1 is 1.5 and that the refracted ray forms an angle of 60o with the boundary. Calculate the angle of incidence α (3 marks)
- Given the following resistor networks
- Calculate the effective resistance (2 marks)
- calculate the current through the 4 Ω resistor (1 mark)
- The table below shows part of the electromagnetic spectrum
A
B
Infrared
Visible light
C
D
- Name the radiation named A (1 mark)
- State one method of production of C (1mark)
- Give two reasons why the earth pin is usually longer than the neutral and live pin (2 marks)
-
- state the reason why tungsten is used as an anode target in an X- ray tube. (1 mark)
- Distinguish between hard and soft X-rays (1mark)
- State the reason as to why convex mirror is preferred over a plane mirror for use as a driving mirror (1mark)
- An iron box has a resistance of 30 Ω and takes a current of 5A. Calculate heat in kJ developed in 2 minutes. (2 marks)
- State two factors affecting speed of sound in air (2 marks)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
-
- State Lenz’s law (1 mark)
- The diagram below shows two coils placed close to each other
- Indicate in the diagram the direction of the deflection of the galvanometer when switch S is closed (1 mark)
- Compare the difference noted in the deflection of the galvanometer on closing the switch and on opening the switch (1 mark)
- Explain the difference noted in (ii) above (1mark)
- State any two ways that can be done to increase the deflection of the galvanometer (2marks)
- The generator at a power plant produces a voltage of 25KV for long distance transmission on overhead power lines. This is stepped up to 400KV. It is later stepped down to 240V for domestic use.
- State the reason why the voltage is stepped up to 400KV (1mark)
- A transformer is used to step up the voltage. Calculate the ratio of primary turns to secondary turns needed for this transformer (2marks)
- Given that the step down transformer has a current output of 20A and it is 80% efficient. Calculate the current through the primary coil of the transformer (3marks)State one energy loss in a transformer and how it is minimized (2marks)
-
- Define the term Threshold wavelength (1mark)
- The figure below is a graph of the stopping potential Vs against frequency in an experiment on photoelectric effect.
- Given that the stopping potential Vs is related to the frequency by equation VSe=hf-Wo, where e is the charge of an electron (e=1.6x10-19C), Determine;
- Planks constant, h (3 marks)
- Find the threshold frequency (1 mark)
- Work function, Wo of the metal in electron volts (2marks)
- The figure below shows a diagram of a cathode ray oscilloscope
- Name the parts labeled;
- A :……………………………………………………….. (1mark)
- B :………………………………………………………. (1 mark)
- State two functions of the electron gun (2marks)
- Explain how the electrons are produced in the tube (2marks)
- The figure below represents a display of an ac signal on the CRO screen
Determine the frequency of the signal given that the time base setting is 200ms per division (3marks)
-
- Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors (1 mark)
- The diagram below show a p-n junction,
Complete the terminal of the external cell to show a reverse biased diode (1 mark) - The figure below shows an ac connected in series with a diode and CRO
- State the type of rectification shown above (1mark)
- Sketch on the axes provided in the wave that is seen on the CRO screen from the circuit shown in (i) above (2marks)
- Describe how an n-type semi-conductor is formed (2marks)
- Sketch a current- voltage characteristic of a junction diode with both forward and reverse bias (2marks)
-
- The figure below shows plane waves incident on a curved reflecting surface, draw the reflected wave fronts (1mark)
- The diagram below shows water waves moving from shallow water to deep water
Sketch on the diagram the refracted wave fronts (2 marks) - The figure below shows a wave profile.
Determine the frequency of the wave (2marks) - An object is positioned 12cm from the Centre of a converging lens of focal length 18cm. Find the position and nature of image formed (3marks)
- The figure below shows plane waves incident on a curved reflecting surface, draw the reflected wave fronts (1mark)
-
- Define the term half-life (1 mark)
- The following nuclear reaction is part of radioactive series
Name the radiations represented by r and s
r…………………………………………… (1mark)
s…………………………………………… (1mark) - The figure below shows the features of a diffusion cloud chamber used for detecting radiations for radioactive source
- Give a reason as to why Perspex lid is rubbed with a piece of cloth (1mark)
- Explain how radiations from the radioactive source is detected in the chamber (3marks)
- State one advantage of cloud chamber over a charged electroscope when used as a detector of radiations (1mark)
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