History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Momaliche Post Mock 2020 Exam

INSTRUCTIONS :

• This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all questions in section A, three questions from section B , and two questions from section C

1. Name the Pre-historic site in Kenya where the Kenyapithecus fossil was discovered. (1 mk)
2. State two economic activities which the maasai acquired as a result of the interaction with the Agikuyu during their settlement in Kenya. (2 mks)
3. What was the base of the political organization of the Iteso during the Pre-colonial period.
   (1 mk)
4. State the main importance of the Devonshire White paper in 1923 on Africans. (1 mk)
5. Name one woman who actively participated in mau mau war. (1 mk)
6. Give two reasons why the Omani rulers were interested in establishing their control over the Kenyan Coast. (2 mks)
7. Give two reasons for the establishment of local native councils (LNC) during colonial period.(1 mk)
8. Define the term dual citizenship. (1 mk)
9. Identify two conditions for one to be declared duly elected as President of the republic of Kenya. (2 mks)
10. Name the two houses of parliament under the new constitution of Kenya. (2 mks)
11. Give one political reason for the construction of the Kenya Uganda railway. (1 mk)
12. State the main constitutional amendment in Kenya in 1991. (1 mk)
13. Give two functions of the colonial chiefs in Kenya. (1 mk)
14. Give two methods used to resolve conflicts in Kenya. (2 mks)
15. Identify two groups which monitors human rights in Kenya. (2 mks)
16. Give two way through which the colonial government controlled the migration of Africans to the urban centres. (2 mks)
17. State one feature of African socialism . (1 mk)

SECTION B: (45 MARKS)
(Answer three questions only)

18.  
    1. State five reasons for the migration of the Maasai from their original homeland (5 mks)
    2. Explain the effects of the migration and settlement of the Bantu Speakers in Kenya. (10 mks)
19.  
    1. Why were the British interested in establishing control over Kenya during the scramble for Africa. (5 mks)
    2. Explain five reasons why the Nandi resisted against the British for a long time. (10 mks)
20.  
    1. Highlight three factors which enabled the white settlers to establish large scale farming in Kenya. (3 mks)
    2. Explain six effects of indirect rule in Kenya. (12 mks)
21.  
    1. State five factors that favoured Mau Mau freedom fighters in Kenya (5 mks)
    2. Explain five factors that made the political organization and movement to demand for political independence after 1945 in Kenya (10 mks)

SECTION C: (30 MARKS)
(Answer any two questions from this section)

22.  
    1. Identify three organs of the National security in Kenya. (3mks)
    2. Explain six functions of the speaker of the National Assembly.
23.  
    1. Give three units of Kenya Police Service. (3 mks)
    2. Explain six functions of the Kenya defence forces. (12 mks)
24.  
    1. Give three functions of the supreme court in Kenya. (3 mks)
    2. Explain the six key changes in the new constitution of Kenya (2010) (12 mk)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1. Fort tenan (1 x 1 = 1mk)
2.  
   1. Iron working
   2. Farming/crop cultivation (2 x 1 = 1mk)
3. Clan (1 x 1 = 1mk)
4. A missionary (John Arthur) was nominated to the Legco to represent African interests.
   (1 x 1 = 1mk)
5.  
   1. Marshal Muthoni
   2. Wambui wagarama
   3. Nduta wa kore (2 x 1 = 2mks)
6.  
   1. The Kenyan coast had favourable climate.
   2. The Kenyan coast good natural harbours
   3. They wanted to control Indian Ocean trade.
   4. The coast of Kenya had fertile soils for agriculture.
      (2 x 1 = 2mks)
7.  
   1. To serve as a link between the African people and the central government .
   2. To involve Africans in the management of their affairs.
   3. To provide a forum where Africans would express themselves.
8. It is the legal right of belonging to two countries. (1 x 1 = 1mk)
9.  
   1. Must be a Kenyan citizen by birth.
   2. Must receive fifty percent plus one of total votes cast.
   3. Must attract 25% of the votes cast in more than half of the counties. (2 x 1 = 2mks)
10.  
    1. Senate
    2. National Assembly (2 x 1 = 2mks)
11.  
    1. For ease transportation of soldiers to resisting communities.
    2. To open up the landlocked, Uganda. (1 x 1 ) = 1mk
12. Repealing of section 2A of the constitution which allowed multipartism.  (1 x 1 = 1mk)
13.  
    1. To collect taxes.
    2. Recruitment of labour into European farms.
    3. Maintain law and order.
    4. To control the brewing of liquor.
       (2 x 1 = 2mks)
14.  
    1. Arbitration.
    2. Negotiation.
    3. Diplomacy
    4. legislation (2 x 1 = 2mks)
15.  
    1. Lawyers and judges.
    2. Trade unions.
    3. Journalists.
    4. Religious organisations.
    5. Kenya National Human Rights & equality commission (2 x 1 = 2mks)
16.  
    1. Through the use of Kipande system/pass laws.
    2. Through arresting Africans get in urgan centres. (2 x 1 = 2mks)
17.  
    1. Political democracy
    2. Progressive taxation
    3. Various forms of ownership
    4. Diffusion of ownership
    5. Mutual social responsibility
       (1 x 1 = 1mk)

SECTION B

18.  
    1.  
       1. Population pressure
       2. External attack
       3. Internal conflict
       4. Search for water and pasture for their animals
       5. Natural calamities
       6. Epidermics
    2.  
       1. Led to increased population in the regions where they settled.
       2. They intermarried with the people they came into contact with.
       3. The Bantu spread the knowledge of iron working to other communities.
       4. There was increased cultural interaction.
       5. They spread agricultural practices/ideas in Kenya.
       6. It led to inter-community conflicts especially over the land.
       7. It led to increased trade relations between the Bantu and other communities. (5 x 2 = 10mks)
19.  
    1. Why were the British interested in establishing control over Kenya during the scramble for Africa. (5 mks)
       1. They wanted to acquire raw materials for their industries.
       2. To acquire colonies to serve as markets for their industrial goods.
       3. They wanted to invest their surplus capital in Kenya.
       4. To acquire white highlands to practice commercial farming.
       5. To abolish slavery and introduce legitimate trade.
       6. To spread Christianity.
          (5 x 1 = 5mks)
    2. Reasons for the Nandi resistance.
       1. The use of a well trained, experienced and disciplined army which enabled them face the British army with confidence.
       2. The ability to make their own weapons which ensured constant supply during the war.
       3. The forested and hilly terrain which made it difficult for the British soldiers to move swiftly.
       4. The prevalence of tropical diseases reduced the efficiency of the British army.
       5. The existence of the foresighted leaders among the Nandi encouraged the warriors to continue fighting.
       6. The stable economic base enabled the Nandi to sustain their warriors during the war.
       7. The use of guerrilla warfare made it difficult for the British to defeat the Nandi warriors with ease.
       8. The unity among the Nandi enabled them to sustain the resistance.
          (5 x 2 = 10mks)
20.  
    1. Highlight three factors which enabled the white settlers to establish large scale farming in Kenya. ‘ (3 mks)
       1. The government alienated African land for white settlement.
       2. The colonial government provided technical assistance.
       3. Government provided marketing facilities for settlers.
       4. The government restricted Africans from growing cash crops.
       5. The government provided credit facilities for settlers.
       6. Continued flow of African labour to settlers.
          (3 x 1 = 3mks)
    2. Effects of indirect rule.
       1. Accumulation of wealth by African chief at the expense of local people.
       2. There was preservation of African culture.
       3. Low levels of development in regard to infrastructure.
       4. Local chiefs became unpopular due to their oppressive nature - forced labour and high taxation.
       5. Conflict between educated elites and the illiterate local chiefs.
       6. Loss of independence among local people, thus resentment.
          (6 x 2 = 12mks)
21.  
    1. State 5 factors that favoured Mau Mau Freedom fighters in Kenya (5mks)
       • Oathing which united the fighters
       • They used querilla warfare
       • The civilian population supplied the fighters with food and Equipment
       • Strong leaders like Dedan Kimanthi
       • Natural forests of Mount Kenya and the Abedare ranges.
       • The fighters had access to swords, guns and ammunition
    2. Explain 5 factors that made the political organization and movement to demand for political independence after 1945 in Kenya.
       • Many Africans had acquired western education that enabled to articulate their grievances
       • The experiences of the world War II
       • The granting of independence to India and Pakistan in 1947
       • The Atlantic charter that was signed WWII in 1941 declared that people enjoy their rights
       • Pan-African movement which inspired African countries for self government
       • Labour party in Britain favoured decolonization
       • Emergence of U.S.A and USSR as superpowers advocated for decolonization
       • Formation of United Nations after World War II which granted political freedom for African countries.

SECTION C

22.  
    1. Identify three organs of national security in Kenya.
       • Kenya defence forces
       • National intelligence service
       • National police service ( 3 x 1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain six functions of the speaker of the national Assembly. (12mks)
       • Presides over the proceedings of the house.
       • Discipline members who have violated the standing orders.
       • Maintain order during debates, and enforces rules which govern the houses conduct.
       • Represent and protect the authority of the parliament.
       • Organize and determine the business to be conducted in the house.
       • Give MPs the chance to contribute towards house debate.
       • Adjourns sittings if the house lacks quorum.
       • Keep and maintain the attendance register.
       • Head of national assembly welfare department.
       • Chairs the speaker’s committee.
       • Issue orders and makes rules for regulation of visitors to parliament.
       • Chairs the branches of commonwealth parliamentary association.
       • Declare parliamentary seats vacant.
       • Receives and accepts letters of resignation.
       • Swears in members of parliament.
       • Summons parliament from recess.
23.  
    1.  
       1. Regular police.
       2. The Administration Police Service.
       3. Criminal Investigation Department (C.I.D)
       4. General Service Unit (G.S.U)
       5. Anti-stock theft unit. (3 x 1 = 3mks)
    2.  
       1. They defend the country from external attacks.
       2. They help in preserving internal security.
       3. They participate in national building initiatives e.g road construction.
       4. They take part in united nations peace keeping missions.
       5. Kenya Air force helps in control of locust invasions.
       6. Army provides emergency services during floods by evacuating civilians.
       7. The navy checks on illegal landing of unauthorised sea vessels. (6 x 2 = 12mks)
24.  
    1. 1. It deals with Presidential petitions.
       2. It determines appeals from the court of appeal.
       3. It listens to petitions on the interpretation and application of the constitution.
       4. All courts are bound to decisions of the supreme court.
       5. It provides advisory opinion at request of National government. (3 x 1 = 3mks)
    2.  
       1. The powers of the Executive (President) were reduced.
       2. Introduction of two housed of parliament i.e senate and National Assembly (Bicameral Parliament)
       3. There are only two ways of becoming a Kenyan citizen i.e Birth and registration.
       4. Introduction of devolved (County government)
       5. Creation of the National Land Commission.
       6. Enlarged bill of rights.
       7. Establishment of Independent Commissions.
       8. Introduction of a third gender rule. (6 x 2 = 12mks)