Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Sukellemo Joint Pre Mock Exams 2023

• Answer ALL the questions in this question paper.

SECTION A (30 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided.

1. State four reasons why farmers should keep livestock healthy. (2marks)
2. State four reasons for maintaining a panga in good working condition. (2marks)
3. Give one function of each of the following tools
   1. Pipe wrench ---------------------------------------------------------------
   2. Milk churn------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. secateurs -------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. Bolus gun-------------------------------------------------------------------
4. State four advantages of deep litter system of rearing poultry. (2marks)
5. Distinguish between carrying capacity and stocking rate as used in livestock production.(1mark)
6. Give two reasons for carrying out tooth clipping in piglets. (1mark)
7. Name the intermediate hosts in following parasites. (1mark)
   1. Tapeworm --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. Liver fluke.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. State four factors that determine amount of food given to an animal per day. (2marks)
9. State four qualities of good wool (2marks)
10. Give two advantages of using spray race over plunge dips. (1mark)
11. State four characteristics of light breeds of poultry (2marks)
12. Define the term prepotency as used in livestock production. (2marks)
13. State four properties of a good vaccine. (2marks)
14. Highlight four qualities of eggs for incubation. (3marks)
15. State four post milking practices. (2marks)
16. State two predisposing factors of foot rot disease in sheep. (1mark)
17. State four factors that influence the composition of milk. (2marks)
18. State four control measures of fleas in poultry. (2marks)

SECTION B (20MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided.

19. The following diagram shows the productive system of a hen. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
    
    1. Name the parts labelled A, C, D and E (2marks)
    2. State the function of the part labelled C and E (2marks)
    3. What is the role of the part labelled A (1mark)
20. The following illustrations shows parasites which transmit diseases in livestock. Study them and answer the questions that follow.
    
    1. Identify the parasites labelled K and L (2marks)
    2. In each case, name one disease transmitted by the parasites K and L in cattle. (2marks)
    3. State two control measures of parasite labelled K. (2marks)
21. Use the information to answer the questions that follow.
    

    Feed stuff	Protein
    Q	10%
    Y	60%

    Formulate a ration of 200kg containing 15% protein using Q and Y as ingredients using the persons square method. (4marks)
22. The diagram below shows activity carried out by a poultry farmer keeping layers. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    
    1.  Identify the activity being carried out (1mark)
    2. Give four abnormalities in the eggs that can be detected during the above activity. (4marks)

SECTION C ( 40 marks)

ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE PACES PROVIDED.

23.  
    1. Describe the outline management practices carried out on calves up to wearing (12marks)
    2. Explain the practices observed in clean milk production. (8marks)
24.  
    1. Describe the procedure of harvesting fish in a fish pond. (7marks)
    2. Give five practices carried out on fish before preservation (5marks)
    3. Describe the feeding of fish in a fish pond. (4marks)
    4. Explain the stocking of fish in fish pond (4marks)
25.  
    1. Discuss the fowl typhoid disease under the following sub headings.
       1. Causal organism (1mark)
       2. Animal attacked (1mark)
       3. Symptoms (6marks)
       4. Control measures (2marks)
    2.  
       1. Explain six precautions observed when handling bees. (6marks)
       2. Explain four factors considered when siting an apiary. (4marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1.  
   • To produce high quality products
   • healthy animals grow very fast and reach maturity early.
   • To enable them have a long life span and breed regularly
   • To reduce the spread of diseases
2.  
   • To increase its durability
   • To reduce the replacement cost
   • to avoid injury to the user
   • To avoid damage to the tool
3.  
   1. Pipe wrench - For holding tightening and loosening metallic pipe.
   2. Milk churn - for holding milk in transit and storage
   3. Secateurs - for pruning soft branches.
   4. Bolus gun - For shooting solid drugs through the mouth of an animal
4.  
   • Many birds can be kept in a small area.
   • No loss of eggs
   • Low labour requirements
   • The system can be used to rear breeding stock
   • Fast accumulation of manure.
5.  
   • Carrying capacity - is the ability of forage stand to mantain a particular number oflivestock unit per unit area.
   • Stocking rate - number of animals maintained per unit area.
6.  
   • To avoid causing injury to sows during suckling
   • To minimise the incidence of piglets hurting each other.
7.  
   1. Tapeworm - cattle/pigs
   2. Liver fluke - water snail/mud snail
8.  
   • The body size
   • Physiological conditions
   • Age of the animal
   • Level of production
   • The form in which the feed is taken
9.  
   • Physically clean
   • Should be long
   • Should be strong
   • Fine/soft/high wool content
   • Should be white in colour
   • Should have a high fleece weight
10.  
    • Animals cannot swallow the acaricide wash
    • Suitable for pregnant and sick animals
    • Spraying is faster
    • Acaricide wash is not wasted.
11.  
    • Hardly go broody
    • Poor meat producers
    • Good layers
    • Light body weight
12. This is the ability of parents to pass good qualities to their offspring.
13.  
    • Have a long keeping life
    • Easy to administer
    • Should have no side effect.
    • Compatible with other vaccines
    • Single dose to produce life long immunity.
14.  
    • Should be fertilised
    • Should have smooth shells
    • Should be oval in shape
    • Should be clean
    • Should not have any abnormalities
    • Should not be stored for more than 8-10days
15.  
    • Weighing
    • Recording
    • Straining the milk
    • Cooling, storage
    • Cleaning utensils
    • Cleaning the parlour
16.  
    • Filthy surrounding
    • Cracking of the hooves.
17.  
    • Age of animal
    • Condition of the animal
    • Breed differences
    • Season of the year
    • type of food eaten by animal
    • Completeness of milking
    • Stage of lactation and pregnancy
18.  
    • Applying petroleum jelly on combs
    • Proper housing hygiene
    • Dusting birds with appropriate insecticides
    • Dust the house with insecticides

SECTION B

19.  
    1.  
       • A - Ovary
       • C - magnum
       • D - Isthmus
       • E - uterus/shell gland
    2.  
       • C - Addition of thick albumen
       • E - Addition of the shell, shell pigments
         Completion of addition of albumen
    3. Releases mature ovum.
20.  
    1.  
       • K - Tsetse fly
       • L - Tick
    2.  
       • K - Trypanosomiasis/ nagana
       • L - E.C.F/ Anaplasmosis (gall sickness)
    3.  
       • Bush clearing
       • Spraying their breeding places with suitable insecticides
       • Use of fly traps with impregnated nets
       • use of sterilising agents
21.  
    
    Amount of Q = ⁴⁵/₅₀ × 200 = 180kg
    Amount of Y ^5/₅₀ × 200 = 20kg
22.  
    1. Egg candling
    2.  
       • Tiny cracks on the shell.
       • Presnce of double yolks/ broken yolk/ spread yolk
       • Presence of blood soprts in an egg/ meat spots.
       • Air space in the wrong posisition
       • Excessively large air space

SECTION C

23.   
    1.  
       1. Identification
          • Calves are identified by either use of eartatto, ear tagging, branding, ear notching or use of neck straps.
          • Done to make recording of an animals performance easier.
       2. Disbudding 
          • Using caustic potash stick, hot iron or even dehorning collodion
          • To make them easy to handle
          • To reduce chances of causing injury to the others and the farmer
       3. Disease control
          • Vaccination against diseases e.g brucellosis
          • Using right vaccines and use correct route of administration
       4. Removal of extra teats
          • Should be done within the first month.
          • Treat the wound with an antiseptic.
       5. Parasite control
          • Spraying against external parasites
          • Drenching to control internal parasites.
       6. Castration
          • Male calves not required for breeding should be castrated
            • To make them docile
            • To control ,breeding and inbreeding.
    2.  
       • Keep cows healthy/ free from diseases
       • Wash the cows udder, flanks using clean water, then dry using milking towels
       • Milkman should be clean. He/she should have short finger nails and hairs covered.
       • Ensure milking shed is clean at all times. Wash it after every milking and disinfect regularly.
       • Clean and sterilise the milking utensils and equipment
       • Do not feed cows on feeds which may taint milk a few hours to milking.
       • Cover the milk and keep it in a cool dry place.
       • After milking, filter and cool the milk to 4°C
24.  
    1.  
       • Stop the inflow of water from the river.
       • Normal cropping is done to remove all the large fish by use of sieve net.
       • The out;let is then opened to allow water to flow out
       • A scoop net is used to catch the fingerliings.
       • Fingerlings are kept in a holding pond
       • Water is completely drained.
       • Pond is left to dry before restocking is done.
    2.  
       • Cleaning the fish.
       • Removing scales and slime
       • Opening the fish on the side to remove the gut and the intestines.
       • Cleaning the abdominal cavity thoroughly.
       • Keeping fish in open containers
    3.  
       • Fish food in ponds include kitchen waste, rice grain, ground nut cakes.
       • Feed fish at regular intervals.
       • Feed adequate amounts which do not allow remnants in the pond.
       • Place feed in the shallow pan of the pond.
       • Change feeds from time to time.
       • Feeding should be done at specific times of the day.
    4.  
       • Obtain fingerlings from reknown hatcheries.
       • Transport fingerlings in oxygenated bags, milk cans or drums
       • Use clean water at 10°C in tyransporting the fingerlings 
       • Take care to avoid injuring the fingerlings during transit.
       • Introduce the fingerlings into the pond by lowering the container into the water and tilting it to allow them to swim away.
25.  
    1.  
       1. Causal organism - Bacteria/Salmonella gallinarum
       2. Animals attacked - Chicken, turkey and ducks.
       3. Symptoms.
          • Birds show signs of depression
          • Respiratory distress and are dull.
          • Drooping wings and sleepy eyes.
          • The combs and wattles becomes pale and shrunken becuase of anaemia
          • Greenish yellow diarrhoea.
          • Birds dies within a few days.
       4. Control measures
          • All affected birds ahould be killed and properly disposed off.
          • Poultry house should be clean, dry and well ventilated.
    2.  
       1.  
          • Do not frighten bees.
          • Bee hives should not be approached from the front.
          • Bees should not be crushed during handing
          • Move quitely towards the bee hives.
          • If stung, the bee keeper should not run of throw the combs down.
          • Always wear protective clothing.
          • Scrap off a bee sting with a nail or a razor blade.
       2.  
          • Availability of water
          • Availability of flowers
          • A sheltered place
          • Should be sited away from noise.