HISTORY PAPER 1 - 2019 KCSE KASSU JOINT MOCK EXAMS (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)

Instructions to candidates

• This paper consists of THREE sections A, B and C
• Answer ALL questions in section A (25 marks)
• Answer any THREE questions in section B (45 marks)
• Answer any TWO questions in section C (30 marks)
• All answers must be written in the answer booklet provided.
• Candidates should check to ascertain that all pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
• Candidates should answer all the questions in English

SECTION A. 25 MARKS
Answer all the questions in this section

1. Identify one method used by the archeologist to determine the age of artifacts. 1 mk
2. Give two social reasons for the migration of the Nilotes into Kenya. 2mks
3. Identify one role of the Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru of Kenya in the pre-colonial period. 1mk
4. Give two written evidences of contact between the Kenyan coast and the outside world. 2mks
5. Identify two natural factors that facilitated the coming of early visitors to the Kenya coast before the 1500AD . Imk
6. Name the Portuguese commander who led in the conquest of the east African coast between 1500and 1511AD 1 mk
7. Identify two characteristics of a good constitution 2mks
8. Name the treaty that marked the end of the scramble and partition of East Africa 1mk
9. State one settler grievance that led to the signing of the Devonshire white paper of 1923.             1mk
10. Mention two factors that led to African influx into urban centers during the colonial period. 2mks
11. Identify two economic challenges encountered by Kenyatta at independence. 2mks
12. State two ways in which the government of Kenya uphold the rule of law. 2mks
13. Identify one organ of the Kenya Defense Forces. 1mk
14. State two pillars of Nyayoism 2mks
15. Identify one type of land holding in Kenya. 1mk
16. Identify one function of the deputy governor. 1mk
17. Mention one type of fund in which government revenue is deposited. 1mk

SECTION B. 45 MARKS
Answer any three questions in this section

18.  
    1. Apart from the Maasai, name three other groups that make up the plain nilotes. 3mks
    2. Describe the political organization of the somali during the pre colonial period   12mks

19.  
    1. List three methods used by the Europeans to occupy Kenya during the colonial period.       3mks
    2. Explain the consequences of the Luo mixed reaction during the colonial period. 12mks

20.  
    1. Highlight three levels of the colonial education in Kenya.     3mks
    2. Explain six reasons why settlers farming was encouraged during the colonial period.     12mks

21.  
    1. State three characteristics of early political organizations in Kenya.           3mks
    2. Discuss six factors that facilitated the Mau Mau war with the British during the colonial period.    12mks

SECTION C. 30MKS
Answer any three questions in this section

22.  
    1. give three ways in which citizenship by registration can be revoked.          3mks
    2. Explain six factors that promote national unity in Kenya.                           12mks

23.  
    1. state three disadvantages of democracy.3mks
    2. Discuss the functions of the Kenya national human rights and equality commission.    12mks

24.  
    1. Identify the composition of the Senate.                                                              3mks
    2. Explain six powers of the Kenyan president.                                                 12mks

MARKING SCHEME

Answer all the questions in this section

1. Identify one method used by the archeologist to determine the age of artifacts. 1 mks
   • Chemical dating
   • Lexico-statistical dating
   • Stratigraphy
   • Fission-track dating
   • Geological dating

2. Give two social reasons for the migration of the Nilotes into Kenya. 2mks
   • Over population
   • Spirit of adventure
   • Religious reasons
   • Family/clan fueds

3. Identify one role of the Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru of Kenya in the pre-colonial period. 1mk
   • Settle disputes among the members of the clan
   • Final court of appeal
   • presided over religious functions

4. Give two written evidences of contact between the Kenyan coast and the outside world. 2mks
   • Periplus of the erythrean sea
   • Greco-Roman documents
   • Work of Arabs merchants ..ibin Btuta and Ali Masoud documents

5. Identify two natural factors that facilitated the coming of early visitors to the Kenya coast before the 1500AD . Imk
   • Deep natural habours
   • Accessibility of the coast by the sea
   • Monsoon wind

6. Name the Portuguese commander who led in the conquest of the east African coast between 1500and 1511AD. 1mks
   • Vasco Da Gama
   • LaurencoLlavasco
   • Fransisco d Almeida
   • Pedro Alveres
   • Tristao da Cunha

7. Identify two characteristics of a good constitution 2mks
   • Durable
   • Comprehensive
   • Clear and definite
   • Ability to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens

8. Name the treaty that marked the end of the scramble and partition of East Africa 1mk
   Anglo German agreement of 1890/ Heligoland treaty

9. State one settler grievance that led to the signing of the Devonshire white paper of 1923. 1mk
   • Wanted to retain the Kenyan highlands.
   • Asian immigration into Kenya to be curtailed.
   • Settlers wanted to be granted self- government.
   • They wanted separate development of all races in the colony.
     (1 x 1 = 1mark)

10. Mention two factors that led to African influx into urban centers during the colonial period. 2mks
    • Colonial land policy which led to loss of land
    • Search of job opportunity
    • Reports of high wages in town
    • Traders wanted to take advantage of wider markets in towns
    • Attracted by the social amenities eg. Piped water, medical facilities etc

11. Identify two economic challenges encountered by Kenyatta at independence. 2mks
    • Land issues especially the former European farms
    • Lack of capital
    • Poor transport and communication
    • Shortage of man power

12. State two ways in which the government of Kenya uphold the rule of law. 2mks
    • Guaranteeing the independence of the judiciary
    • Trying suspects in a courtof law
    • Those found guilty can appeal
    • Arresting suspected criminals
    • All Kenyans are subject to and governed by the same law
    • Accussed persons are entitled to legal representations
    • By empowering parlianment to control the excess of the executive arm of th government

13. Identify one organ of the Kenya Defense Forces. 1mk
    • Kenya army
    • Kenya airforce
    • Kenya navy

14. State two pillars of Nyayoism 2mks
    • Love
    • Peace
    • unity

15. Identify one type of land holding in Kenya. 1mk
    • Public land
    • Community land
    • Private land

16. Identify one function of the deputy governor. 1mk
    • Deputizing the county governor
    • Acts in the absence of the county governor
    • Assisting in the preparations of county legislation to be inacted by the assembly

17. Mention one type of fund in which government revenue is deposited. 1mk
    • Equilisation funds
    • Consolidated funds
    • Revenue funds for eachcounty government funds
    • Contingencies funds

SECTION B. 45 marks

18.  
    1. apart from the Maasia name three othe groups that makes up the plain Nilotes.
       • Iteso
       • Samburu
       • Turkana
       • Njemps
         Any 3x1=3mks
    2. Political organization of the Somali during the pre-colonial period (12 marks)
       • Decentralized political system based on the clans
       • Each clan had its own name and occupied specific territories.
       • The clan was led by the council of elders.
       • Duties of the council of elders included; maintaining law and order, settling disputes, presiding over religious ceremonies, it was the final court of appeal
       • They had an age set system that provided the military
       • They had professional warriors who safeguarded the community
       • With introduction of Islam, Sheikhs became the leaders and ruled using Islam laws.
         (Any 6 x 2 = 12marks)

19.  
    1. three methods used to occupy Kenya during the colonial period. 3mks
       • Signing of treaties
       • Force of military expeditions
       • Collaborations
       • Operational bases
       • Use of chartered companies
    2. 6 Consequences of the Luo reaction. 12mks
       • Both the collaboration and resistance lost their independence to the British.
       • The luo lost their property through burning and looting.
       • There was massive loss of likes, especially among the UgenyaLuo.
       • It bred hatred between the collaborations and the resistors.
       • The leaders were able to gain Western education and religion like schools.
       • The leaders were replaced with British administering undermining traditional political systems.
       • The luo were alienated from there and to pave the way for British occupation and settlements.
20. Highlight the Levels of colonial education
    • Primary education
    • Secondary education
    • University education
    • Six reasons why settler farming was encouraged during colonial period (12 marks)
    • To finance the administrative cost of the colony.
    • To help pay for the construction cost of the railway.
    • To produce cheap raw materials for British industries.
    • The Kenya Highlands were ideal for British settlement.
    • To counter Asian influence in Kenya.
    • The colony lacked other natural resources to be exploited.
    • The settlers would form the backbone of the economy and help make Kenya a white man’s country.
      (Any 6 x 2 = 12marks)
21.  
    1. Characteristics of early political organization
       • They were led by mission educated Africans like Harry Thuku and Jonathan Okwiri.
       • They were a non violent.
       • They had similar grievances e.g forced labour taxation etc
       • They were formed from ethnic/tribal grounds                                                                                               
    2. Factors that facilitated Mau Mauwar with the British
       • Use of guerilla tactics which made it difficult for the British to suppress the rebellion.
       • Oathing helped to unite fighters.
       • Support of civilians who supplied food and equipment.
       • Natural forest e.gabaadare and Mt.Kenya provided gandhidesout.
       • Resourceful and courageous leaders who had participated in World War II inspired the inspired the reste of DedanKimathi, Stanley Mathenge and general China.
       • There was military experience due to participation in World War II. 
         
         SECTION C
22.  
    1. Revocation of citizenship.
       • If the person acquired the citizenship by fraud, false representation or failure to provide full information.
       • If a person supports or is found to have supported an enemy country during war with Kenya.
       • If the person has within five years been convicted to a prison term of three or more years.
       • If a person has been convicted of treason or offence of which a penalty of seven or more years.
    2. Factors promoting national unity.
       • The national language.
       • National philosophies like socialism, harambee and nyayoism.
       • National symbols like anthem, coat of arms and public seal.
       • Social and economic interaction.
       • Fair distribution of resources.
       • Government institutions like judiciary, the legislature and executive.
       • National days and events like mashujaa day, jamhuri and madaraka day

23.  
    1. Disadvantages of democracy. 3mks
       • It disregards the interest of the minority.
       • It is expensive to implement since both civic education and general elections require funding.
       • The wealthy use their resources to influence the voters at the expense of those with limited resources.
       • Its time consuming since certain procedures must be followed and the views of the majority sought before important decisions are made. 
    2. Functions of the Kenya national human rights and equality commission..12mks
       • To promote gender equality and equity generally.
       • To promote the protection and observance of human rights.
       • To promote respect for human rights and develop a culture of human rights in the republic.
       • To monitor, investigate and report on the observance of human rights.
       • To receive and investigate complaints about alleged abuses of human rights.
       • To take steps to secure appropriate redress where human rights have been violated.
       • To investigate or research on matters of human rights and make recommendations to the state.
       • To ensure state compliance with obligations under treaties and conventions relating to human rights.

24.  
    1. composition of the senate 3mks
       • It has68 members, 47 elected members represented counties.
       • Women members nominated by political parties represented in the senate.
       • Two members 1 woman and 1 man are represented the youth
       • Two members, 1 woman and 1 man to represent persons with disabilities.
       • The speaker who is an ex-official member.
    2. six powers of the president. 12mks
       • Commander in chief of the armed forces.
       • Power to exercise the executive authority of the republic.
       • Power to uphold and safeguard the constitution and supremacy of the republic.
       • Powers of merely e.g pardons persons convicted of offence.
       • Powers for nominate, appoint or dismiss cabinet secretary and other officials.
       • The power to constitutions honors in the name of the people and the republic.
       • Chairperson of the national security.