History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Kassu Jet Joint Mock Exams 2023

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Instructions

This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
Answer all questions in section A, three from Section B and two from Section C.
Answers to all the questions must be written legibly in the answer booklet provided.
Candidates should answer the questions in English

QUESTIONS

Section A (25 marks)
Answer all questions in this section

State one disadvantage of linguistics as a source of information on history and government. (1 mark)
Give two ways in which archaeologists locate a pre-historic site. (2 marks)
Name any two archaeological sites in Ethiopia. (2 marks)
State one negative effect of land enclosure system in Britain during the 19th century. (1 mark)
Give the main reason why camel was preferred as the means of transport during the Trans-Saharan trade. (1 mark)
Name the person who discovered the telescope. (1 mark)
Identify the system of writing which was used in Mesopotamia. (1 mark)
State two advantages of wind energy. (2 marks)
Name any two early urban centers in Africa. (2 marks)
Give the main reason why the golden stool was important in the Asante Empire. (1 mark)
Give one reason on how European Nationalism influenced the scramble for Africa. (1 mark)
Outline two roles of the Emirs in Northern Nigeria during the colonial period. (2 marks)
Name the Chartered Company that administered Zimbabwe during the process of colonization. (1 mark)
Outline two roles played by ex-world war soldiers in the growth of Nationalism in Africa after 1945. (2 marks)
Give two reasons why the United States of America (USA) did not join the First World War until 1917. (2 marks)
What was the main aim for the formation of League of Nations? (1 mark)
State any two countries which belonged to the Axis Powers during the Second World War. (2 marks)

Section B (45 marks)
Answer any three questions from this section

1. Identify five unwritten sources of information in History. (5 marks)
2. Explain five importance of studying History. (10 marks)
1. Give five uses of Copper in Africa during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
2. Discuss five challenges facing industrialization in South Africa (10 marks)
1. State five reforms introduced by Germans in Tanganyika after the Maji Maji rebellion (1905-1907). (5 marks)
2. Explain five effects of the Lozi collaboration with the British in the late 19th century. (10 marks)
1. Give five benefits enjoyed by Assimilated Africans in French West Africa. (5 marks)
2. Discuss five reasons why the indirect system succeeded in Northern Nigeria (10 marks)

Section C (30 marks)
Answer any two questions from this section

1. Identify three functions of Kabaka in the Buganda Kingdom. (3 marks)
2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the pre-colonial period. (12 marks)
1. State three roles played by Kwame Nkrumah during the struggle for independence in Ghana. (3 marks)
2. Explain six challenges encountered by Nationalists in Mozambique in the struggle for independence (12 marks)
1. State three reasons for the failure of the Von-Schlieffen plan (3 marks)
2. Discuss six social effects of the Second World War (1939-1945). (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

Section A (25 marks)

State one disadvantage of linguistics as a source of information on history and government. (1 mark)
1. Learning a language takes a long period of time.
2. Some words can be omitted when translating a language.
3. Inaccurate information can be passed when translating a language
4. Some words are difficult to understand.
5. Some words have become old and irrelevant hence difficult to translate.
6. Some languages have similar words for different meanings.
7. Borrowing of words into a language has corrupted the present language.
  Any 1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
Give two ways in which archaeologists locate a pre-historic site. (2 marks)
1. They look for areas where tectonic forces/ faulting/erosion has taken place exposing surfaces which may give some clues
2. They look for areas with unique physical features /using their vision/eyes
3. Through historical research and documentation especially when an area is mentioned in oral narrative
4. Long experience and skills which enables them to understand what it takes
5. During human activities like cultivation and building/ constructions, ancient objects can be accidentally exposed.
6. They look for evidence of art paintings
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
Name any two archaeological sites in Ethiopia. (2 marks)
1. Hadar
2. Omo river Valley
3. Bodo
4. Afar
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
State one negative effect of land enclosure system in Britain during the 19th century. (1 mark)
1. It displaced the poor people/landlessness
2. It forced people to migrate to urban centres
3. It increased pauperism/poverty in Europe
4. It made some people to migrate to other countries
5. Land became expensive
  Any 1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
Give the main reason why camel was preferred as the means of transport during the Trans-Saharan trade. (1 mark)
- It would withstand harsh climatic conditions
  1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
Name the person who discovered the telescope. (1 mark)
- Galileo Galilei
  1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
Identify the system of writing which was used in Mesopotamia. (1 mark)
- Cuneiform
  1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
State two advantages of wind energy. (2 marks)
1. It is cheap
2. It is readily available to many places/reliable
3. It does not pollute the environment
4. It is renewable/cannot be exhausted
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
Name any two early urban centers in Africa. (2 marks)
1. Kilwa
2. Meroe
3. Cairo
4. Aksum
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
Give the main reason why the golden stool was important in the Asante Empire. (1 mark)
- It was a symbol of unity
  1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
Give one reason on how European Nationalism influenced the scramble for Africa. (1 mark)
1. Countries competed to acquire many colonies to prove that they were powerful/jingoism/prestige
2. France wanted to restore her past glory after defeat in Franco- Prussian War
3. New nations such as Italy and Germany wanted to be equated with the rest of Europe.
  Any 1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
Outline two roles of the Emirs in Northern Nigeria during the colonial period. (2 marks)
1. They collected taxes
2. They tried cases/settled disputes
3. They maintained law and order.
4. They recruited labour for public works
5. They eliminated practices which were not acceptable to the British.
6. Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
Name the Chartered Company that administered Zimbabwe during the process of colonization. (1 mark)
- The British South Africa Company
- 1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
Outline two roles played by ex-world war soldiers in the growth of Nationalism in Africa after 1945. (2 marks)
1. They applied military skills/tactics acquired to fight the colonialists
2. They trained African nationalists in military/fighting skills
3. They joined/formed military movements
4. They organized/mobilized African nationalists
5. They made/serviced the weapons used by the nationalists
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
Give two reasons why the United States of America (USA) did not join the First World War until 1917. (2 marks)
1. The desire to abide by the Monroe doctrine of 1823 which forbade her from interfering in European affairs.
2. She feared a revolt by her citizens of German origin.
3. She feared an outbreak of a civil war between Americans of German descent and those of other European nationalities.
4. The war had not interfered with USA’s interests until 1917.
5. USA was gaining economically from trade with both sides.
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
What was the main aim for the formation of League of Nations? (1 mark)
- To promote/sustain world peace/security
  1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
State any two countries which belonged to the Axis Powers during the Second World War. (2 marks)
1. Germany
2. Italy
3. Japan
4. Hungary
5. Romania
6. Bulgaria
7. Slovakia
8. Croatia
  Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)

Section B (45 marks)

1. Identify five unwritten sources of information in History. (5 marks)
  1. Archaeology / paleontology
  2. Oral traditions
  3. Linguistics
  4. Anthropology
  5. Genetics / Botany / Zoology / Biology
  6. Geology
    Any 5 points @ 1 mark each (5 marks)
2. Explain five importance of studying History. (10 marks)
  1. To understand our culture as well as others people’s culture.
  2. Enables us to solve the present problems and in certain cases even predict future.
  3. It enable us to be critical thinkers
  4. To know the origin of mankind his development and the progress attained to now
  5. To appreciate the achievements and failures of mankind in the past and are able to understand the present.
  6. It provides good and interesting material for reading so we read for pleasure and intellectual fulfillment.
  7. It enables us in attaining a professional career.
  8. It instills a sense of patriotism and national pride/ nationalism in an individual/ to develop a sense of belonging.
  9. The records or data found in history are useful for future reference.
  10. We learn it to develop a sense of time.
  11. To understand how man relates and depends on others
  12. To understand the social economic and political developments of man
    Any 5 points @ 2 marks each (10 marks)
1. Give five uses of Copper in Africa during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
  1. In making tools like chisels and axes as in Egypt.
  2. Making utensils and containers like pots and pans.
  3. Making weapons like daggers and swords.
  4. As currency/ medium of exchange in the form of copper bars.
  5. Making ornaments like rings and bangles.
  6. Making alloys like bronze and brass.
  7. Making king’s plaques and art work.
  8. It was a commodity of trade.
    Any 5 points @ 1 mark each (5 marks)
2. Discuss five challenges facing industrialization in South Africa. (10 marks)
  1. Imposition of economic sanctions which prevented her from trading with other countries
  2. The long period of apartheid created un conducive environment for industrialization
  3. Competition from other developed countries such as western European countries where manufactured goods of better quality than those from South Africa.
  4. Industrial strikes/demonstrations/boycotts which were organized by trade unions led to closure of some industries
  5. High levels of poverty which created inadequate market for manufactured goods due to low purchasing power
  6. Violence/xenophobia/aggression against foreigners has discouraged foreign investors/chased away would be foreign investors
  7. HIV/AIDS has affected the workforce in industries thereby undermining industrial production
  8. High incidence of insecurity /criminal activities in South Africa has been caused by unemployment
  9. Inadequate infrastructure e.g. transport, insurance, communication, and banking
    Any 5 points @ 2 marks each (10 marks)
1. State five reforms introduced by Germans in Tanganyika after the Maji Maji rebellion (1905-1907). (5 marks)
  1. Communal cotton growing was stopped and Africans were encouraged to plant their own cotton and get profit from it.
  2. Forced labour for settler farms was abolished.
  3. Corporal punishment was forbidden and those settlers who mistreated their workers were punished.
  4. Better educational and medical services for Africans were introduced.
  5. Africans were involved in administration of the regions as Akidas and Jumbes.
  6. The new governor censured newspapers that supported settlers against Africans.
  7. Anew governor who was sympathetic to the cause of the Africans
  8. A colonial department of German government was formed in 1907 to closely investigate the affairs to German East Africa.
  9. Extra taxation of Africans was rejected by the new governors.
  10. Kiswahili was accepted as the official language.
  11. Colonial administration in Tanganyika was tailored to suit the Africans.
    Any 5 points @ 1 mark each (5 marks)
2. Explain five effects of the Lozi collaboration with the British in the late 19th century. (10 marks)
  1. Lewanika received payment of £2000 yearly
  2. The Lozi lost their independence as the administration was taken over by the British South Africa Company
  3. The British South Africa Company took over the control of the minerals
  4. The Lozi land was alienated and given to British settlers
  5. The Lozi were forced to pay taxes in order to maintain the administration
  6. The Lozi were forced to work as labourers on settler’s farms
  7. The Lozi were employed in the civil service
  8. The British South Africa Company developed infrastructure, education and c in Barotseland Christianity
  9. The British established their rule peacefully in Northern Rhodesia
  10. Lewanika was honoured with the title paramount chief until his death
  11. The British used Barotseland as a base to conquer the neighbouring communities/ they were used to pacify other communities
  12. The Lozi were protected by the British from external attacks.
    Any 5 points @ 2 marks each (10 marks)
1. Give five benefits enjoyed by Assimilated Africans in French West Africa. (5 marks)
  1. They were allowed to send representatives to the French Chamber of Deputies.
  2. They were enfranchised/right to vote like the French people in France.
  3. They were provided with the same education rights like the French people.
  4. They enjoyed the rights of the French Judicial System
  5. They were exempted from forced labour
  6. They were exempted from arbitrary arrests
  7. They were exempted from paying taxes
  8. They were allowed trading rights like the French people in France
  9. They were allowed to operate Local Authority structures like those in France.
  10. They were allowed to serve in the French civil service
  11. The Muslims were allowed to maintain their Islamic law
  12. They were accorded French citizenship
    Any 5 points @ 1 mark each (5 marks)
2. Discuss five reasons why the indirect system succeeded in Northern Nigeria (10 marks)
  1. The region had a centralized administration headed by Emirs
  2. There existed good taxation system based on sharia law
  3. There existed good judicial system based on sharia law
  4. There existed an established local army for defence
  5. An educational system based on Islamic culture
  6. There existed unity due to Islam
  7. Use of Hausa as a common language
    Any 5 points @ 2 marks each (10 marks)

Section C (30 marks)

1. Identify three functions of Kabaka in the Buganda Kingdom. (3 marks)
  1. He was the head of the government.
  2. He was the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
  3. He appointed senior officials in the government and dismissed them when need arose.
  4. He was the supreme judge.
  5. He was the chief priest i.e. in charge of all religious activities
  6. He controlled trade.
  7. He bestowed honours on people who gave exceptional services to the kingdom.
    Any 3 points @ 1 mark each (3 marks)
2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the pre-colonial period. (12 marks)
  1. They had a centralized system of administration
  2. The empire /kingdom was ruled by an emperor/ king who was both the head of state and the government.
  3. The office of the emperor was hereditary.
  4. The emperor was assisted in administration of the empire by people like the queen mother and the head drummer among others
  5. The empire was divided into provinces which were ruled by lesser kings and were directly answerable to the emperor.
  6. The vassal states were ruled by chiefs who paid tribute to the emperor.
  7. The empire had a standing army which was used in defending and expanding the kingdom.
  8. Religion created unity in the kingdom.
  9. There existed a royal fire that was kept burning in the emperor’s court as long as the emperor was alive. Each vassal chief carried a flame to his chiefdom and kept it burning as a symbol of unity.
  10. The emperor controlled trade whose revenue was used to sustain the empire and the army.
  11. Priests acted as a link between the people and the emperor and acted as spies.
  12. The emperor was a military leader.
    Any 6 points @ 2 marks each (12 marks)
1. State three roles played by Kwame Nkrumah during the struggle for independence in Ghana. (3 marks)
  1. He started a newspaper/ Accra Evening News which articulated African grievances/their plight.
  2. He formed Conventions Peoples Party (CPP) which mobilized the people against the colonial rule.
  3. He introduced the party salute/slogan which urged people to support the nationalist cause.
  4. He held political rallies which sensitized the people.
  5. He made CPP vibrant/popular.
  6. He produced the country’s flag
  7. He led Ghana to independence from Britain.
  8. He used nonviolent methods like strike, go-slows and boycotts
    Any 3 points @ 1 mark each (3 marks)
2. Explain six challenges encountered by Nationalists in Mozambique in the struggle for independence (12 marks)
  1. The negative attitude of the church towards FRELIMO/nationalists limited the support by the faithful.
  2. Rival competition between FRELIMO and COREMO
  3. The apartheid administration in South Africa/Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) in Southern Rhodesia helped the Portuguese to fight the nationalists.
  4. FRELIMO experienced internal division as a result of ideological differences among the leaders.
  5. The Portuguese applied methods of brutal/cruel methods of suppressing nationalists/arrested/detained/imprisoned/captured/tortured/killed
  6. There was disunity among the nationalists therefore were unable to forge a common front.
  7. The Portuguese had strict laws which outlawed political movement thereby forcing nationalists to operate from other countries/Banned political parties.
  8. The assassination of Eduardo Mondlane demoralized the nationalists.
  9. Acute shortage of basic needs
    Any 6 points @ 2 marks each (12 marks)
1. State three reasons for the failure of the Von-Schlieffen plan. (3 marks)
  1. Russia mobilized her forces faster than expected and this meant that German forces had to be deployed to the Eastern front earlier than anticipated.
  2. The German invasion of Belgium was not as fast as anticipated as they faced resistance.
  3. The British entry into the war also contributed to the delay.
  4. Both sides were evenly matched in terms of weapons than the Germans had thought.
    Any 3 points @ 1 mark each (3 marks)
2. Discuss six social effects of the Second World War (1939-1945). (12 marks)
  1. Many people both soldiers and civilians lost their lives during the war.
  2. It led to widespread suffering/misery as many people were displaced when their homes were destroyed.
  3. Property was destroyed as bombs were used thereby impoverishing the people.
  4. It charged the status of women as they were now recognized as able decision makers/leaders of families during the absence of their husbands.
  5. Displacement of people hence became refugees e.g. the Jews. Slavs and the Poles
  6. The atomic bombs used against Japan released radioactive substances which affected the lives of many people
  7. There was high inflation rate hence high cost of living leading to anti- social behaviour
  8. They myth of European military superiority was destroyed due to the defeat of the British and American forces in the Far East by Japan.
  9. It led to the spread of infectious diseases like STD’s
  10. Permanent ill health and shortening of life for the people due to malnutrition.
  11. It caused psychological and emotional trauma to people
  12. Development of bitter feelings and mistrust among people and nations
  13. It led to advancement in the field of surgery
    Any 6 points @ 2 marks each (12 marks)