History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 3 Term 3 Opener Exams 2023

1. Define the term history. (1mk)
2. Name the branch of history that deals with study of culture beliefs and ways of life among communities. (1mk)
3. Apart from tool making, identify two other early industries of man. (2mks)
4. Name two methods of irrigation used in early agriculture in Egypt. (2mks)
5. Identify the MAIN disadvantages of most of telecommunication systems. (1mk)
6. State one religious use of steam in early. (1mk)
7. State two functions of Lukiko in Buganda kingdom. (2mks)
8. Identify two sources of British constitution. (2mks)
9. Give two uses of gold in ancient Egypt. (2mks)
10. State two factors that led to growth of urban centres in Europe. (2mks)
11. Give two factors that led to the growth of Asante Empire. (2mks)
12. State one challenge faced by Fredrick Lugard when he tried to establish colonials rule in Northern Nigeria. (1mk)
13. Give one advantage of oral traditions as a source of information on History and Government. (1mk)
14. Outline two classes of monarchial government. (2mks)
15. Give one disadvantage of hunting in groups during the Stone Age period. (1MK)
16. Give one functions of Athen as an urban center. (1mk)
17. Identify one method used by the European powers to acquire colonies in Africa. (1mk)

SECTION B: (45 MKS)

Answer any three questions from this section.

18.  
    1. Give three reasons why increase in human population led to the beginning of early agriculture. (3mks)
    2. Describe the way of life of the early man during the Stone Age period. (12mks)
19.  
    1. Identify 3 kingdoms that contributed to the development of Trans-Saharan trade. (3mks)
    2. Describe political organization of the Shona Kingdom in the 19th century. (12mks)
20.  
    1. State three political reason that led to colonization of Africa. (3mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why Africans were defended in the wars resistance. (12mks)
21.  
    1. Identify five advantages of the enclosure system in Britain during the Agrarian Revolution. (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that facilitated the scientific Revolution in Europe. (10mks)

SECTION C

Answer any TWO questions from this section. (30mks)

22.  
    1. State reasons why Lewanika collaborated. (3mks)
    2. Explain factors that enabled SamoriToure to resist the French for so long. (12mks)
23.  
    1. Name the three communities in Senegal where the French policy of Assimilation was successfully applied. (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors which undermined the application of the French policy of assimilation in West Africa. (12mks)
24.  
    1. Outline five factors that facilitated the development of the Trans-Saharan trade. (5mks)
    2. Explain five reasons for the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade. (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Define the term history. (1mk)
   • A branch of knowledge that deals with past events of human beings and their response to their environments.
2. Name the branch of history that deals with study of culture beliefs and ways of life among communities. (1mk)
   • Social history.
3. Apart from tool making, identify two other early industries of man. (2mks)
   • Basketry
   • Pottery
   • Cloth making
   • Spinning and weaving.
4. Name two methods of irrigation used in early agriculture in Egypt. (2mks)
   • Shadoof/bucket irrigation.
   • Basin irrigation/flood irrigation.
   • Canal irrigation/furrow irrigation.
5. Identify the MAIN disadvantages of most of telecommunication systems. (1mk)
   • They are expensive.
6. State one religious use of steam in early. (1mk)
   • Opening of temples massive doors.
7. State two functions of Lukiko in Buganda kingdom. (2mks)
   • They advised Kabaka mainly on matters affecting countries.
   • They directed the collection of taxes in the kingdom.
   • They acted as the final court of appeal.
   • They represented peoples’ concerns and needs to Kabaka.
8. Identify two sources of British constitution. (2mks)
   • Judicial precedent.
   • Historical documents.
   • Parliamentary custom.
   • Commentaries.
   • Constitutional convections.
9. Give two uses of gold in ancient Egypt. (2mks)
   • To make coins.
   • To make swords.
   • Jewelry e.g. rings, bracelets.
   • Make utensils.
10. State two factors that led to growth of urban centres in Europe. (2mks)
    • Political stability.
    • Skilled and unskilled labor.
    • Transport network.
    • Availability of raw materials.
    • Availability of capital.
    • Sources of energy.
11. Give two factors that led to the growth of Asante Empire. (2mks)
    • The land was suitable for mixed farming.
    • The growth of the Trans-Atlantic trade.
    • Efficient standing army.
    • The Oyoko clan was determined to dominate the others(conquest).
12. State one challenge faced by Fredrick Lugard when he tried to establish colonials rule in Northern Nigeria. (1mk)
    • Shortage of personnel.
    • Poor transport and communication networks.
    • There were no adequate funds.
    • Likelihood of African active resistance.
13. Give one advantage of oral traditions as a source of information on History and Government. (1mk)
    • It is cheap.
    • It’s useful in societies where the art of writing is not fully developed.
    • It complements other sources.
14. Outline two classes of monarchial government. (2mks)
    • Absolute monarchy.
    • Constitutional monarchy.
15. Give one disadvantage of hunting in groups during the Stone Age period.
    • Encourage laziness.
    • Conflict may rise over sharing of the loot.
16. Give one functions of Athen as an urban center. (1mk)
    • Training centre
17. Identify one method used by the European powers to acquire colonies in Africa. (1mk)
    • Bilatreal treaties

SECTION B:     (45 MKS)

Answer any three questions from this section.

18.  
    1. Give three reasons why increase in human population led to the beginning of early agriculture. (3mks)
       • Man competed with animals for food.
       • There was high demand for food.
       • Man spread to places where food was scarce.
    2. Describe the way of life of the early man during the Stone Age period. (12mks)
       • Manmade simple stone tools for domestic use /odawan tools.
       • They lived in small groups in order to assist each other.
       • They obtain food they gathered and hunted.
       • They used simple hunting methods.
       • They lived a sedentary life /no settlement.
       • They lived near water bodies.
       • They wore no clothes and hairy bodies kept them warm.
       • They had no verbal communication/used gestures.
       • They ate raw meat.
       • They lived on top of trees.
19.  
    1. Identify 3 kingdoms that contributed to the development of Trans-Saharan trade. (3mks)
       • Mali kingdom
       • Ghana kingdom
         
       • Songhai kingdom
    2. Describe political organization of the Shona Kingdom in the 19th century. (12mks)
       • The emperor/king was the head of the government and the head of state.
       • Office of the emperor was hereditary.
       • The emperor was assisted by the queen mother, the head drummer, emperor’s sister his principal wives and military commander.
       • The empire was divided had a standing army for defence and expansion.
       • The king was a military leader of the army.
       • The king was considered a semi-divine ruler
       • The empire was divided into provinces under the rule of lesser kings/chiefs.
20.  
    1. State three political reason that led to colonization of Africa. (3mks)
       • The unification of Germany.
       • Nationalism in Europe
       • Militarism.
       • Public opinion.
    2. Explain six reasons why Africans were defended in the wars resistance. (12mks)
       • Africans used inferior weapons.
       • Disunity among African communities.
       • Military weakness among African warriors.
       • African were affected by natural calamities e.g. drought, famine, and diseases.
       • Europeans got reinforcement from other regions they controlled.
       • Failure of religion to protect Africans.
       • Capture and execution of Africa leaders demoralized warriors.
21.  
    1. Identify five advantages of the enclosure system in Britain during the Agrarian Revolution. (5mks)
       • It reduced the risk of crops and animals contracting diseases.
       • It created large farms also allowed the use of crop rotation.
       • Farms were easily managed.
       • They could use their title deeds to borrow money from financial institutions for improving their forms.
       • Large farms also allowed the use of the horse drill.
    2. Explain five factors that facilitated the scientific Revolution in Europe.
       • The need to find solutions to the problems of that time led to scientific research e.g. on how to drain water from coal runners.
       • The renaissance period in Europe encouraged scholars to carry out scientific research in different fields.
       • The discovery of the printing of books, magazines and journals which spread scientific ideas from one continent to another.
       • Government and wealthy individuals provided funds to support scientific research in different fields.
       • The voyages of exploration led to discovery of new lands and encouraged interest in new spheres of knowledge and research.

SECTION C

Answer any TWO questions from this section. (30mks)

22.  
    1. State reasons why Lewanika collaborated. (3mks)
       • He hoped to preserve and maintain his position as a king.
       • Under the influence of a missionary, Franscois Collard, Lewanika hoped to benefit from Christians by getting medicine and western education.
       • He was encouraged by the chief Khama of the Ngwato who had collaborated and benefited from the Europeans.
       • He hoped to benefit from British by getting European goods e.g. arms and preservation of economic activities of his people.
       • Desired to get direct protection from the British against the Portuguese, Boers and Germans.
       • He feared the British military superiority.
       • He wanted the British to protect his kingdom from attacks by other African communities.
    2. Explain factors that enabled Samori Toure to resist the French for so long. (12mks)
       • He was a soldier with a well-organized and equipment.
       • Use of scorched earth policy which delayed the advance of the French.
       • He was devoted Muslim who inspired the loyalty of his people and soldiers.
       • Use of guerilla warfare delayed the conquest.
       • Samori knew the terrain well.
       • Had a military workshop that supplied him with weapons.
       • Unity within the army and among his people.
       • He had a large army of 35,000 men who were well trained and disciplined.
       • Samori soldiers knew the French military tactics as many of them had defected from the French.
23.  
    1. Name the three communities in Senegal where the French policy of Assimilation was successfully applied. (3mks)
       • Rufisgue
       • Dakar
       • St. Louis
       • Goree
    2. Explain six factors which undermined the application of the French policy of assimilation in West Africa. (12mks)
       • Opposition by the local people who did not want the French to interfere with their culture.
       • Traditional African rulers never wanted to lose their authority and influence over their people.
       • The Muslim converters resisted the French attempts on people to Christianity.
       • Opposition from the French traders in the West Africa who saw assimilated as a threat to their commercial monopoly.
       • French government found it expensive to implement it as it required building many schools and employing many teachers.
       • It threatened the existence of the French empire.
       • It was opposed by the French imperialists.
       • Vastness of French colonies made it hard to supervise the implementation of the policy.
24.  
    1. Outline five factors that facilitated the development of the Trans-Saharan trade.
       • Introduction of camel as means of transport.
       • High demand of goods from N.A and W.A.
       • Availability of capital.
       • Local trade existed in the Western Sudan belt.
       • The increased contacts between North Africa and Southern Africa as well as Middle East.
       • Existence of pack animals such camels.
       • There existed a lot of cooperation security and maintained some water points.
    2. Explain five reasons for the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade.
       • Industrialization- use of machine replaced human labour.
       • Leading economist argued that free labour is better than slaves labour.
       • Philanthropists and missionaries campaigned against slave trade as it was seen to be human.
       • Defeat of British in 1776 in America forced the British to look for raw materials from elsewhere.
       • Attainment of independence by the USA British had nowhere to take slaves.
       • Christian revival movement viewed slave trade as the height of to society and campaigned against it.